Nursing 130 Final Exam UPDATED ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
What is the #1 intervention for COPD? - CORRECT ANSWER smoking cessation
technique for diaphragmatic breathing - CORRECT ANSWER breathe in through nose, exhale
through mouth
What is the priority nursing intervention for a client with exacerbation of asthma and increased
anxiety? - CORRECT ANSWER remain with the client
What interventions would you want to promote for a patient with atelectasis? - CORRECT
ANSWER incentive spirometer and cough/deep breathing
True or false: patient must be elevated at least 30 degrees if they have NG tube - CORRECT
ANSWER true
What is a sputum culture used for? - CORRECT ANSWER diagnosis
What does rust colored sputum indicate? - CORRECT ANSWER end stage COPD
What should you do before administering oxygen? - CORRECT ANSWER check SpO2
When can you let UAP feed client? - CORRECT ANSWER after checking for positive gag
reflex
What is the #1 sign of infection in elderly patients? - CORRECT ANSWER confusion/lethargy
What do wheezing and dyspnea indicate? - CORRECT ANSWER asthma
What is the most important assessment for success with patient teaching? - CORRECT
ANSWER willingness to modify lifestyle
,What interventions helps to loosen secretions? - CORRECT ANSWER increasing fluid intake
What intervention helps promote CO2 elimination? - CORRECT ANSWER pursed-lip
breathing
four types of pneumonia - CORRECT ANSWER community acquired, healthcare associated,
hospital associated, ventilator associated
What indicates a patient has trouble breathing? - CORRECT ANSWER nasal flaring, tripod
position
What does clubbing of fingers indicate? - CORRECT ANSWER poor chronic oxygenation
How to address patient with lack of oxygen - CORRECT ANSWER 1. sit them up
2. get your SpO2 (measuring oxygen on hemoglobin)
3. provide supplemental oxygen and see where to go further
When does community acquired pneumonia occur? - CORRECT ANSWER less than 48 hours
after hospital admission, infected prior to admission
When does hospital-acquired pneumonia occur? - CORRECT ANSWER >48 hours after
hospitalization
When does ventilator-associated pneumonia occur? - CORRECT ANSWER >48 hours after
intubation
aspiration pneumonia - CORRECT ANSWER foreign objects enter into lower airway, marinate,
and cause infection
risk factors of pneumonia - CORRECT ANSWER - Cancer
- Smoking
,- Immunosuppressed patients
- Prolonged immobility
- Placement of NG tubes
- Supine position- patients unable to protect airway
- Alcohol intoxication
- Vomiting
- Anesthesia, sedatives
- Advanced age
- poor hygiene
preventive measures for pneumonia - CORRECT ANSWER - Promote cough and deep
breathing
- Initiate infectious disease and neutropenic precautions
- Encourage smoking cessation
- Reposition patient Q2 hours
- Administer medications with patient at least 30 degrees
- Oral hygiene
- Encouraged reduced alcohol intake or cessation
- Strict hand hygiene
- Educate patient
diagnostic testing for pneumonia - CORRECT ANSWER - Chest x-ray
- Lab values- what values would you see increased?
- Cultures- microbiology- what should we test?
- Physical assessment.
- Bronchoscopy
nursing interventions for pneumonia - CORRECT ANSWER - Positioning patient- how?
- Administer O2- when?
- Administer breathing treatments
- Encourage cough and deep breathing- why?
, - Promote adequate nutrition and fluid intake- why?
- Provide rest periods
medications for pneumonia - CORRECT ANSWER antibiotics, anti-inflammatories,
bronchodilators
complications of untreated pneumonia - CORRECT ANSWER atelectasis, ARDS, bacteremia
ICOUGH pulmonary therapy - CORRECT ANSWER - Incentive spirometry
- Cough and Deep breathe
- Oral Care ( brush teeth use mouthwash BID)
- Understanding (patient and family education)
- Getting out of bed TID
- Head-Of-Bed elevation
types of COPD - CORRECT ANSWER chronic bronchitis and emphysema
What does emphysema lead to? - CORRECT ANSWER hypercapnea and respiratory acidosis
How long does a patient need to present with cough and sputum production to have chronic bronchitis
- CORRECT ANSWER at least 3 months, more than once within 2 consecutive years
risk factors for COPD - CORRECT ANSWER smoking, air pollution, genetics
diagnostic testing for COPD - CORRECT ANSWER - Increased hematocrit- due to low o2
levels
- Chest x-ray
- Signs/ symptoms
- Pulmonary function tests
- Alpha antitrypsin levels- enzyme in liver that break down pollutants which attack lung tissue
- Change in respiratory rate is first indication of new onset COPD
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
What is the #1 intervention for COPD? - CORRECT ANSWER smoking cessation
technique for diaphragmatic breathing - CORRECT ANSWER breathe in through nose, exhale
through mouth
What is the priority nursing intervention for a client with exacerbation of asthma and increased
anxiety? - CORRECT ANSWER remain with the client
What interventions would you want to promote for a patient with atelectasis? - CORRECT
ANSWER incentive spirometer and cough/deep breathing
True or false: patient must be elevated at least 30 degrees if they have NG tube - CORRECT
ANSWER true
What is a sputum culture used for? - CORRECT ANSWER diagnosis
What does rust colored sputum indicate? - CORRECT ANSWER end stage COPD
What should you do before administering oxygen? - CORRECT ANSWER check SpO2
When can you let UAP feed client? - CORRECT ANSWER after checking for positive gag
reflex
What is the #1 sign of infection in elderly patients? - CORRECT ANSWER confusion/lethargy
What do wheezing and dyspnea indicate? - CORRECT ANSWER asthma
What is the most important assessment for success with patient teaching? - CORRECT
ANSWER willingness to modify lifestyle
,What interventions helps to loosen secretions? - CORRECT ANSWER increasing fluid intake
What intervention helps promote CO2 elimination? - CORRECT ANSWER pursed-lip
breathing
four types of pneumonia - CORRECT ANSWER community acquired, healthcare associated,
hospital associated, ventilator associated
What indicates a patient has trouble breathing? - CORRECT ANSWER nasal flaring, tripod
position
What does clubbing of fingers indicate? - CORRECT ANSWER poor chronic oxygenation
How to address patient with lack of oxygen - CORRECT ANSWER 1. sit them up
2. get your SpO2 (measuring oxygen on hemoglobin)
3. provide supplemental oxygen and see where to go further
When does community acquired pneumonia occur? - CORRECT ANSWER less than 48 hours
after hospital admission, infected prior to admission
When does hospital-acquired pneumonia occur? - CORRECT ANSWER >48 hours after
hospitalization
When does ventilator-associated pneumonia occur? - CORRECT ANSWER >48 hours after
intubation
aspiration pneumonia - CORRECT ANSWER foreign objects enter into lower airway, marinate,
and cause infection
risk factors of pneumonia - CORRECT ANSWER - Cancer
- Smoking
,- Immunosuppressed patients
- Prolonged immobility
- Placement of NG tubes
- Supine position- patients unable to protect airway
- Alcohol intoxication
- Vomiting
- Anesthesia, sedatives
- Advanced age
- poor hygiene
preventive measures for pneumonia - CORRECT ANSWER - Promote cough and deep
breathing
- Initiate infectious disease and neutropenic precautions
- Encourage smoking cessation
- Reposition patient Q2 hours
- Administer medications with patient at least 30 degrees
- Oral hygiene
- Encouraged reduced alcohol intake or cessation
- Strict hand hygiene
- Educate patient
diagnostic testing for pneumonia - CORRECT ANSWER - Chest x-ray
- Lab values- what values would you see increased?
- Cultures- microbiology- what should we test?
- Physical assessment.
- Bronchoscopy
nursing interventions for pneumonia - CORRECT ANSWER - Positioning patient- how?
- Administer O2- when?
- Administer breathing treatments
- Encourage cough and deep breathing- why?
, - Promote adequate nutrition and fluid intake- why?
- Provide rest periods
medications for pneumonia - CORRECT ANSWER antibiotics, anti-inflammatories,
bronchodilators
complications of untreated pneumonia - CORRECT ANSWER atelectasis, ARDS, bacteremia
ICOUGH pulmonary therapy - CORRECT ANSWER - Incentive spirometry
- Cough and Deep breathe
- Oral Care ( brush teeth use mouthwash BID)
- Understanding (patient and family education)
- Getting out of bed TID
- Head-Of-Bed elevation
types of COPD - CORRECT ANSWER chronic bronchitis and emphysema
What does emphysema lead to? - CORRECT ANSWER hypercapnea and respiratory acidosis
How long does a patient need to present with cough and sputum production to have chronic bronchitis
- CORRECT ANSWER at least 3 months, more than once within 2 consecutive years
risk factors for COPD - CORRECT ANSWER smoking, air pollution, genetics
diagnostic testing for COPD - CORRECT ANSWER - Increased hematocrit- due to low o2
levels
- Chest x-ray
- Signs/ symptoms
- Pulmonary function tests
- Alpha antitrypsin levels- enzyme in liver that break down pollutants which attack lung tissue
- Change in respiratory rate is first indication of new onset COPD
