NR548 Exam 1 Questions and Answers
(2026/2027) | Updated Review | A+
Verified
• PMH-APRN -✓✓a nurse with graduate-level training who provides psychiatric-
mental health care and promotes mental health across the lifespan
-assess, diagnose and treat individuals and families who have psychiatric and/or
substance disorders
-work in a variety of health care settings and practices and are eligible for
reimbursement through private insurers, HMOs, PPOs, Medicare and Medicaid
• ANA Code of Ethics: anticipatory guidance competency -✓✓ANA Standards
and Scope: Standard 5B: Health Teaching & Promotion
-An educated professional nurse is aware of normal developmental and situational
threats to wellness and can educate healthcare consumers to avoid them.
• Example: Moving a toddler from a crib to a bed can prevent injury associated
with climbing out of the crib at that developmental age.
• ANA Code of Ethics: the art of nursing is based on? -✓✓caring and respect for
human dignity
• ANA Code of Ethics: the fundamental principle of and attitude that the
professional nurse must have as outlined in Provision 1 -✓✓ANA Code of Ethics:
Provision 1
-"the nurse practices with compassion and respect for the inherent dignity, worth,
and unique attributes of every person" (ANA, 2015b, p. 1).
• ANA Code of Ethics: How should the nurse respond to the discovery of human
trafficking in his or her practice? -✓✓ANA Code of Ethics: Provision 8
,-Nurses must "bring attention to human rights violations in all settings and
contexts. . . . The nursing profession must respond when these violations are
encountered" (ANA, 2015b, p. 33).
• Dr. Edward Cowles created in 1882 -✓✓the first organized training school
within a hospital for the insane
• 1913, Effie Jane Taylor developed -✓✓the first nurse-organized training course
for psychiatric nursing at Johns Hopkins Hospital
(before early psychiatric nurses were trained by physicians)
• Following WWI, the National League for Nursing Education added: -
✓✓"nursing in nervous and mental diseases" to curriculum guides
• In WWII, many potential military recruits deemed unfit for service due to
psychiatric concerns, while many veterans experienced combat-related
neuropsychiatric conditions. Laura Fitzsimmons recommended: -✓✓standards of
training for psychiatric nurses, which led to improved education and standards of
care.
• National Mental Health Act (NMHA) of 1946 -✓✓-psychiatric nursing was
recognized as one of the four core disciplines in psychiatric care and treatment
-The act increased funding for psychiatric nursing education programs and
contributed to a growth in university-based nursing education.
• 1954 -✓✓-the first graduate program in psychiatric nursing was established at
Rutgers University by Hildegarde Peplau
• to prepare nurse therapists.
, -The first advanced practice nursing role was the psychiatric-mental health clinical
nurse specialist (PMHCNS) role.
• The Community Mental Health Centers Act of 1963 -✓✓(1950s brought a
transition towards deinstitutionalization in care for those with mental illnesses,
which led to an increase in the number of psychiatric clients receiving care in the
community rather than hospitals)
-The Community Mental Health Centers Act of 1963 allowed for the expansion of
the PMHCNS role into community and ambulatory settings as they helped those
who had been deinstitutionalized adapt
• 1965 -✓✓Loretta Ford, RN and Henry Silver MD introduce the nurse
practitioner role.
• 1973 ANA first published: -✓✓Standards of Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing
Practice
• 1980s states began to grant: -✓✓prescriptive authority to advanced practice
registered nurse (APRN), adding medication prescribing and management to the
traditional therapy role of the psychiatric mental health (PMH) APRN.
• 2000s these exams were developed: -✓✓Certification exams for adult and family
psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner (PMHNP) developed.
-These exams were retired in 2015 when psychiatric certification exams were
combined to a single Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (Across the
Lifespan) Certification (PMHNP-BC).
(2026/2027) | Updated Review | A+
Verified
• PMH-APRN -✓✓a nurse with graduate-level training who provides psychiatric-
mental health care and promotes mental health across the lifespan
-assess, diagnose and treat individuals and families who have psychiatric and/or
substance disorders
-work in a variety of health care settings and practices and are eligible for
reimbursement through private insurers, HMOs, PPOs, Medicare and Medicaid
• ANA Code of Ethics: anticipatory guidance competency -✓✓ANA Standards
and Scope: Standard 5B: Health Teaching & Promotion
-An educated professional nurse is aware of normal developmental and situational
threats to wellness and can educate healthcare consumers to avoid them.
• Example: Moving a toddler from a crib to a bed can prevent injury associated
with climbing out of the crib at that developmental age.
• ANA Code of Ethics: the art of nursing is based on? -✓✓caring and respect for
human dignity
• ANA Code of Ethics: the fundamental principle of and attitude that the
professional nurse must have as outlined in Provision 1 -✓✓ANA Code of Ethics:
Provision 1
-"the nurse practices with compassion and respect for the inherent dignity, worth,
and unique attributes of every person" (ANA, 2015b, p. 1).
• ANA Code of Ethics: How should the nurse respond to the discovery of human
trafficking in his or her practice? -✓✓ANA Code of Ethics: Provision 8
,-Nurses must "bring attention to human rights violations in all settings and
contexts. . . . The nursing profession must respond when these violations are
encountered" (ANA, 2015b, p. 33).
• Dr. Edward Cowles created in 1882 -✓✓the first organized training school
within a hospital for the insane
• 1913, Effie Jane Taylor developed -✓✓the first nurse-organized training course
for psychiatric nursing at Johns Hopkins Hospital
(before early psychiatric nurses were trained by physicians)
• Following WWI, the National League for Nursing Education added: -
✓✓"nursing in nervous and mental diseases" to curriculum guides
• In WWII, many potential military recruits deemed unfit for service due to
psychiatric concerns, while many veterans experienced combat-related
neuropsychiatric conditions. Laura Fitzsimmons recommended: -✓✓standards of
training for psychiatric nurses, which led to improved education and standards of
care.
• National Mental Health Act (NMHA) of 1946 -✓✓-psychiatric nursing was
recognized as one of the four core disciplines in psychiatric care and treatment
-The act increased funding for psychiatric nursing education programs and
contributed to a growth in university-based nursing education.
• 1954 -✓✓-the first graduate program in psychiatric nursing was established at
Rutgers University by Hildegarde Peplau
• to prepare nurse therapists.
, -The first advanced practice nursing role was the psychiatric-mental health clinical
nurse specialist (PMHCNS) role.
• The Community Mental Health Centers Act of 1963 -✓✓(1950s brought a
transition towards deinstitutionalization in care for those with mental illnesses,
which led to an increase in the number of psychiatric clients receiving care in the
community rather than hospitals)
-The Community Mental Health Centers Act of 1963 allowed for the expansion of
the PMHCNS role into community and ambulatory settings as they helped those
who had been deinstitutionalized adapt
• 1965 -✓✓Loretta Ford, RN and Henry Silver MD introduce the nurse
practitioner role.
• 1973 ANA first published: -✓✓Standards of Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing
Practice
• 1980s states began to grant: -✓✓prescriptive authority to advanced practice
registered nurse (APRN), adding medication prescribing and management to the
traditional therapy role of the psychiatric mental health (PMH) APRN.
• 2000s these exams were developed: -✓✓Certification exams for adult and family
psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner (PMHNP) developed.
-These exams were retired in 2015 when psychiatric certification exams were
combined to a single Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (Across the
Lifespan) Certification (PMHNP-BC).
