UTA Microbiology Exam 1 Questions and
Answers | Study Guide | Grade A+
• Leprosy in the Bible -✓✓practice of quarantining people with leprosy suggesting that
people understood that dz's could be communicable.
Leprosy is communicable, it is also a dz that progresses slowly meaning that people
were likely quarantined after they had already spread the dz to others.
• Roman Sewage System -✓✓Built aqueducts which brought fresh water into the city,
and a giant sewer "Cloaca Maxima" which carried waste away into the river Tiber.
Researchers believe that this infrastructure helped protect Romans from epidemics of
waterborne illnesses.
• Hippocrates (460-377 BC) -✓✓"FATHER OF WESTERN MEDICINE"
Dz is not caused by the supernatural.
Hippocratic Corpus & Oath (To be a healer #1 job is to take care of that patient w/o
harming them)
• Thucydides (460-395 BC) -✓✓FATHER OF SCIENTIFIC HISTORY (To keep records
of), advocated for evidence-based analysis of cause and effect reasoning, studied
Athenian plague and discovered immunity
Immunity: People who sick and didn't die did not get sick again.
• Marcus Terentius Varro (116-27 BC) -✓✓Proposed that disease could be caused by
"certain minute animals/creatures... which cannot be seen by the eye."
*He was roman*
• Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723) -✓✓"FATHER OF MICROBIOLOGY"
Dutch cloth merchant, was the first to develop a lens powerful enough to view microbes.
Observed single-celled organisms "animalcules" from rain water.
• Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) -✓✓Fermentation, pasteurization (to be able to last
longer), and spoilage by microbes.
Vaccines e.g. Rabies
• Robert Koch (1843-1910) -✓✓Established method for connecting pathogen with
specific dz; Koch's postulates.
helped discover: anthrax, cholera, tuberculosis
, • Carolus Linnaeus (1707-1778) *Taxonomy -✓✓Developed a new way to categorize
plants and animals. Systema Naturae, KPCOFGS
• Ernst Haekel (1834-1919) *Taxonomy -✓✓Proposed four kingdoms (Animals, Plants,
PROTISTS, MONERA)
wrote General Morphology of Organisms proposing four kingdoms.
• Robert Whittaker (1920-1980) *Taxonomy -✓✓Proposed adding a fifth kingdom
(Fungi)
• Carl Woese (1928-1912) & George Fox (1945-) *Taxonomy -✓✓Molecular
Techniques (rRNA) and three domains (Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya)
• Microbial Classification -✓✓Difficulties in classifying microbes
Strains of species
- all same species but phenotypically a little different ex: E Coli pathogenic strain
0157:H7)
Bergey's Manuals
- Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology
- Manual of Systematic Bacteriology
Binomial nomenclature
- 2 word system that names organisms based on genus and species ex: Homo sapiens
-> H. sapiens
• Characteristics and Types of Microbes -✓✓Cellular v. Acellular
-Acellular prions & viruses not in the tree of life
Prokaryotic v. Eukaryotic
-Prokaryotic (Bacteria & Archaea)
-Eukaryotic (Algae, Protozoa, Fungi, Helminths)
Common Shapes
- Coccus, Bacillus, Vibrio (Curved bacilli), Coccobacillus (Oval), Spirillum (Spiral),
Spirochete (Helix shaped)
Identifying or Unique Features
Colony structure (Cluster, etc.)
Metabolism
-Photosynthetic
-Aerobes
Answers | Study Guide | Grade A+
• Leprosy in the Bible -✓✓practice of quarantining people with leprosy suggesting that
people understood that dz's could be communicable.
Leprosy is communicable, it is also a dz that progresses slowly meaning that people
were likely quarantined after they had already spread the dz to others.
• Roman Sewage System -✓✓Built aqueducts which brought fresh water into the city,
and a giant sewer "Cloaca Maxima" which carried waste away into the river Tiber.
Researchers believe that this infrastructure helped protect Romans from epidemics of
waterborne illnesses.
• Hippocrates (460-377 BC) -✓✓"FATHER OF WESTERN MEDICINE"
Dz is not caused by the supernatural.
Hippocratic Corpus & Oath (To be a healer #1 job is to take care of that patient w/o
harming them)
• Thucydides (460-395 BC) -✓✓FATHER OF SCIENTIFIC HISTORY (To keep records
of), advocated for evidence-based analysis of cause and effect reasoning, studied
Athenian plague and discovered immunity
Immunity: People who sick and didn't die did not get sick again.
• Marcus Terentius Varro (116-27 BC) -✓✓Proposed that disease could be caused by
"certain minute animals/creatures... which cannot be seen by the eye."
*He was roman*
• Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723) -✓✓"FATHER OF MICROBIOLOGY"
Dutch cloth merchant, was the first to develop a lens powerful enough to view microbes.
Observed single-celled organisms "animalcules" from rain water.
• Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) -✓✓Fermentation, pasteurization (to be able to last
longer), and spoilage by microbes.
Vaccines e.g. Rabies
• Robert Koch (1843-1910) -✓✓Established method for connecting pathogen with
specific dz; Koch's postulates.
helped discover: anthrax, cholera, tuberculosis
, • Carolus Linnaeus (1707-1778) *Taxonomy -✓✓Developed a new way to categorize
plants and animals. Systema Naturae, KPCOFGS
• Ernst Haekel (1834-1919) *Taxonomy -✓✓Proposed four kingdoms (Animals, Plants,
PROTISTS, MONERA)
wrote General Morphology of Organisms proposing four kingdoms.
• Robert Whittaker (1920-1980) *Taxonomy -✓✓Proposed adding a fifth kingdom
(Fungi)
• Carl Woese (1928-1912) & George Fox (1945-) *Taxonomy -✓✓Molecular
Techniques (rRNA) and three domains (Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya)
• Microbial Classification -✓✓Difficulties in classifying microbes
Strains of species
- all same species but phenotypically a little different ex: E Coli pathogenic strain
0157:H7)
Bergey's Manuals
- Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology
- Manual of Systematic Bacteriology
Binomial nomenclature
- 2 word system that names organisms based on genus and species ex: Homo sapiens
-> H. sapiens
• Characteristics and Types of Microbes -✓✓Cellular v. Acellular
-Acellular prions & viruses not in the tree of life
Prokaryotic v. Eukaryotic
-Prokaryotic (Bacteria & Archaea)
-Eukaryotic (Algae, Protozoa, Fungi, Helminths)
Common Shapes
- Coccus, Bacillus, Vibrio (Curved bacilli), Coccobacillus (Oval), Spirillum (Spiral),
Spirochete (Helix shaped)
Identifying or Unique Features
Colony structure (Cluster, etc.)
Metabolism
-Photosynthetic
-Aerobes
