NSG 310 EXAM 2 (GCU) NEWEST 2026 ACTUAL
EXAM| INTRODUCTION TO PROFESSIONAL NURSING
EXAM 2 REVIEW WITH COMPLETE 300 REAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS/
ALREADY GRADED A+ (BRAND NEW!!)
1. Florence Nightingale’s Notes on Nursing primarily emphasized:
A) The need for formal nursing education
B) The relationship between environment and health
C) The importance of physician-nurse collaboration
D) The role of nurses in surgical procedures
Answer: B
Rationale: Nightingale focused on sanitation, ventilation, clean
water, and light — environmental factors affecting healing.
Education (A) came later. Surgery (D) was not her focus.
2. Who is credited with establishing the first nursing school in the
United States?
A) Florence Nightingale
B) Clara Barton
1
,C) Linda Richards
D) Dorothea Dix
Answer: C
Rationale: Linda Richards graduated from the first U.S. nursing
school (Boston Training School, 1873). Nightingale (A) influenced
but did not establish U.S. schools. Barton (B) founded Red Cross.
3. Dorothea Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory states that nursing
is needed when:
A) The patient has a medical diagnosis requiring hospitalization
B) The patient cannot perform self-care activities independently
C) The family refuses to care for the patient
D) The physician orders nursing interventions
Answer: B
Rationale: Orem’s theory focuses on the patient’s inability to
meet self-care needs. Diagnosis (A) alone does not require
nursing. Family refusal (C) is not the core.
4. According to Betty Neuman’s Systems Model, a flexible line of
defense represents:
2
,A) The body’s normal resistance level
B) A dynamic buffer that protects against stressors
C) A reaction to a stressor
D) The core of the patient’s stability
Answer: B
Rationale: Flexible line of defense changes over time and
protects against stressors. Normal resistance (A) is the normal line
of defense. Core (D) is central structure.
5. Madeleine Leininger’s major contribution to nursing is:
A) Theory of caring
B) Transcultural nursing theory
C) Human becoming theory
D) Adaptation model
Answer: B
Rationale: Leininger founded transcultural nursing, emphasizing
cultural competence. Caring theory (A) is Watson. Human
becoming (C) is Parse. Adaptation (D) is Roy.
3
, 6. Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring places the highest
priority on:
A) Curative medical treatments
B) The nurse-patient caring relationship
C) Efficient hospital discharge
D) Documentation of care
Answer: B
Rationale: Watson’s theory emphasizes carative factors and the
caring relationship as central to healing.
7. Patricia Benner’s Novice to Expert model describes the
“Expert” nurse as one who:
A) Follows strict rules and procedures
B) Recognizes patterns based on deep experience
C) Focuses on technical skills only
D) Requires constant supervision
Answer: B
Rationale: Expert nurses see clinical situations holistically and
intuitively based on prior experience. Novice (A) follows rules.
4
EXAM| INTRODUCTION TO PROFESSIONAL NURSING
EXAM 2 REVIEW WITH COMPLETE 300 REAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS/
ALREADY GRADED A+ (BRAND NEW!!)
1. Florence Nightingale’s Notes on Nursing primarily emphasized:
A) The need for formal nursing education
B) The relationship between environment and health
C) The importance of physician-nurse collaboration
D) The role of nurses in surgical procedures
Answer: B
Rationale: Nightingale focused on sanitation, ventilation, clean
water, and light — environmental factors affecting healing.
Education (A) came later. Surgery (D) was not her focus.
2. Who is credited with establishing the first nursing school in the
United States?
A) Florence Nightingale
B) Clara Barton
1
,C) Linda Richards
D) Dorothea Dix
Answer: C
Rationale: Linda Richards graduated from the first U.S. nursing
school (Boston Training School, 1873). Nightingale (A) influenced
but did not establish U.S. schools. Barton (B) founded Red Cross.
3. Dorothea Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory states that nursing
is needed when:
A) The patient has a medical diagnosis requiring hospitalization
B) The patient cannot perform self-care activities independently
C) The family refuses to care for the patient
D) The physician orders nursing interventions
Answer: B
Rationale: Orem’s theory focuses on the patient’s inability to
meet self-care needs. Diagnosis (A) alone does not require
nursing. Family refusal (C) is not the core.
4. According to Betty Neuman’s Systems Model, a flexible line of
defense represents:
2
,A) The body’s normal resistance level
B) A dynamic buffer that protects against stressors
C) A reaction to a stressor
D) The core of the patient’s stability
Answer: B
Rationale: Flexible line of defense changes over time and
protects against stressors. Normal resistance (A) is the normal line
of defense. Core (D) is central structure.
5. Madeleine Leininger’s major contribution to nursing is:
A) Theory of caring
B) Transcultural nursing theory
C) Human becoming theory
D) Adaptation model
Answer: B
Rationale: Leininger founded transcultural nursing, emphasizing
cultural competence. Caring theory (A) is Watson. Human
becoming (C) is Parse. Adaptation (D) is Roy.
3
, 6. Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring places the highest
priority on:
A) Curative medical treatments
B) The nurse-patient caring relationship
C) Efficient hospital discharge
D) Documentation of care
Answer: B
Rationale: Watson’s theory emphasizes carative factors and the
caring relationship as central to healing.
7. Patricia Benner’s Novice to Expert model describes the
“Expert” nurse as one who:
A) Follows strict rules and procedures
B) Recognizes patterns based on deep experience
C) Focuses on technical skills only
D) Requires constant supervision
Answer: B
Rationale: Expert nurses see clinical situations holistically and
intuitively based on prior experience. Novice (A) follows rules.
4
