ELITE COMPREHENSIVE
ONCOLOGY NURSING NCLEX-RN PRACTICE EXAM
Comprehensive Cancer Care, Chemotherapy,
Radiation Therapy and Hematologic Oncology
Review|| Final Spring Exam
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS|| GRADE A+
1. A male client has an abnormal result on a Papanicolaou test. After admitting, he read
his chart while the nurse was out of the room, the client asks what dysplasia means.
Which definition should the nurse provide?
a. Presence of completely undifferentiated tumor cells that don't resemble cells of the
tissues of their origin
b. Increase in the number of normal cells in a normal arrangement in a tissue or an
organ
c. Replacement of one type of fully differentiated cell by another in tissues where the
second type normally isn't found
d. Alteration in the size, shape, and organization of differentiated cells
✓ 1.Answer D. Dysplasia refers to an alteration in the size, shape, and
organization of differentiated cells. The presence of completely
undifferentiated tumor cells that don't resemble cells of the tissues of
their origin is called anaplasia. An increase in the number of normal
cells in a normal arrangement in a tissue or an organ is called
hyperplasia. Replacement of one type of fully differentiated cell by
1
another in tissues where the second type normally isn't found is
Page
called metaplasia.
, 2. For a female client with newly diagnosed cancer, the nurse formulates a nursing
diagnosis of Anxiety related to the threat of death secondary to cancer diagnosis. Which
expected outcome would be appropriate for this client?
a. "Client verbalizes feelings of anxiety."
b. "Client doesn't guess at prognosis."
c. "Client uses any effective method to reduce tension."
d. "Client stops seeking information."
✓ 2.Answer A. Verbalizing feelings is the client's first step in coping with
the situational crisis. It also helps the health care team gain insight
into the client's feelings, helping guide psychosocial care. Option B is
inappropriate because suppressing speculation may prevent the
client from coming to terms with the crisis and planning accordingly.
Option C is undesirable because some methods of reducing tension,
such as illicit drug or alcohol use, may prevent the client from coming
to terms with the threat of death as well as cause physiologic harm.
Option D isn't appropriate because seeking information can help a
client with cancer gain a sense of control over the crisis.
3. A male client with a cerebellar brain tumor is admitted to an acute care facility. The
nurse formulates a nursing diagnosis of Risk for injury. Which "related-to" phrase should
the nurse add to complete the nursing diagnosis statement?
a. Related to visual field deficits
b. Related to difficulty swallowing
c. Related to impaired balance
2
Page
d. Related to psychomotor seizures
, ✓ 3.Answer C. A client with a cerebellar brain tumor may suffer injury
from impaired balance as well as disturbed gait and incoordination.
Visual field deficits, difficulty swallowing, and psychomotor seizures
may result from dysfunction of the pituitary gland, pons, occipital lobe,
parietal lobe, or temporal lobe — not from a cerebellar brain tumor.
Difficulty swallowing suggests medullary dysfunction. Psychomotor
seizures suggest temporal lobe dysfunction.
4. A female client with cancer is scheduled for radiation therapy. The nurse knows that
radiation at any treatment site may cause a certain adverse effect. Therefore, the nurse
should prepare the client to expect:
a. hair loss.
b. stomatitis.
c. fatigue.
d. vomiting.
✓ 4.Answer C. Radiation therapy may cause fatigue, skin toxicities, and
anorexia regardless of the treatment site. Hair loss, stomatitis, and
vomiting are site-specific, not generalized, adverse effects of
radiation therapy.
5. Nurse April is teaching a client who suspects that she has a lump in her breast. The
nurse instructs the client that a diagnosis of breast cancer is confirmed by:
a. breast self-examination.
b. mammography.
3
c. fine needle aspiration.
Page
d. chest X-ray.
ONCOLOGY NURSING NCLEX-RN PRACTICE EXAM
Comprehensive Cancer Care, Chemotherapy,
Radiation Therapy and Hematologic Oncology
Review|| Final Spring Exam
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS|| GRADE A+
1. A male client has an abnormal result on a Papanicolaou test. After admitting, he read
his chart while the nurse was out of the room, the client asks what dysplasia means.
Which definition should the nurse provide?
a. Presence of completely undifferentiated tumor cells that don't resemble cells of the
tissues of their origin
b. Increase in the number of normal cells in a normal arrangement in a tissue or an
organ
c. Replacement of one type of fully differentiated cell by another in tissues where the
second type normally isn't found
d. Alteration in the size, shape, and organization of differentiated cells
✓ 1.Answer D. Dysplasia refers to an alteration in the size, shape, and
organization of differentiated cells. The presence of completely
undifferentiated tumor cells that don't resemble cells of the tissues of
their origin is called anaplasia. An increase in the number of normal
cells in a normal arrangement in a tissue or an organ is called
hyperplasia. Replacement of one type of fully differentiated cell by
1
another in tissues where the second type normally isn't found is
Page
called metaplasia.
, 2. For a female client with newly diagnosed cancer, the nurse formulates a nursing
diagnosis of Anxiety related to the threat of death secondary to cancer diagnosis. Which
expected outcome would be appropriate for this client?
a. "Client verbalizes feelings of anxiety."
b. "Client doesn't guess at prognosis."
c. "Client uses any effective method to reduce tension."
d. "Client stops seeking information."
✓ 2.Answer A. Verbalizing feelings is the client's first step in coping with
the situational crisis. It also helps the health care team gain insight
into the client's feelings, helping guide psychosocial care. Option B is
inappropriate because suppressing speculation may prevent the
client from coming to terms with the crisis and planning accordingly.
Option C is undesirable because some methods of reducing tension,
such as illicit drug or alcohol use, may prevent the client from coming
to terms with the threat of death as well as cause physiologic harm.
Option D isn't appropriate because seeking information can help a
client with cancer gain a sense of control over the crisis.
3. A male client with a cerebellar brain tumor is admitted to an acute care facility. The
nurse formulates a nursing diagnosis of Risk for injury. Which "related-to" phrase should
the nurse add to complete the nursing diagnosis statement?
a. Related to visual field deficits
b. Related to difficulty swallowing
c. Related to impaired balance
2
Page
d. Related to psychomotor seizures
, ✓ 3.Answer C. A client with a cerebellar brain tumor may suffer injury
from impaired balance as well as disturbed gait and incoordination.
Visual field deficits, difficulty swallowing, and psychomotor seizures
may result from dysfunction of the pituitary gland, pons, occipital lobe,
parietal lobe, or temporal lobe — not from a cerebellar brain tumor.
Difficulty swallowing suggests medullary dysfunction. Psychomotor
seizures suggest temporal lobe dysfunction.
4. A female client with cancer is scheduled for radiation therapy. The nurse knows that
radiation at any treatment site may cause a certain adverse effect. Therefore, the nurse
should prepare the client to expect:
a. hair loss.
b. stomatitis.
c. fatigue.
d. vomiting.
✓ 4.Answer C. Radiation therapy may cause fatigue, skin toxicities, and
anorexia regardless of the treatment site. Hair loss, stomatitis, and
vomiting are site-specific, not generalized, adverse effects of
radiation therapy.
5. Nurse April is teaching a client who suspects that she has a lump in her breast. The
nurse instructs the client that a diagnosis of breast cancer is confirmed by:
a. breast self-examination.
b. mammography.
3
c. fine needle aspiration.
Page
d. chest X-ray.
