Intro to psychology ch 1-4 exam UPDATED ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT Answers
If two variables are correlated, then one of them must False
cause the other.
What is the difference between a theory and an A theory is falsifiable, whereas an opinion is not.
opinion?
Multiple choice question.
The degree of relationship between two variables is correlational coefficient
expressed as a numerical value called .
Science is most defined by _____ it investigates. how
The dependent variable is the manipulated False
experimental factor in an experiment.
The term _____ is used to describe any aspect of a study demand characteristic
that communicates to the participants how the
experimenter wants them to behave.
Which approach to psychology emphasizes the role of biological
physical processes such as brain and nervous system
functioning?
A behaviorist might study learning through environmental determinants
Which psychological perspective emphasizes psychodynamic approach
unconscious thought, the conflict between biological
drives and society's demands, and early family
experiences?
The what approach to psychology emphasizes a humanistic
person's positive qualities, the capability for positive
growth, and the freedom to choose any destiny.
Which psychological perspective focuses on the cognitive approach
mental processes involved in knowing—that is, how we
direct our attention, perceive, remember, think, and
solve problems?
Which is the psychological perspective that uses evolutionary approach
concepts such as adaptation, reproduction, and natural
selection as the basis for explaining specific human
behaviors?
Which psychological perspective examines the ways in Sociocultural approach
which the social and cultural environments influence
behavior?
, What is a variable? anything that can change
What is a theory? a broad idea, or set of closely related ideas, that attempts to explain certain
observations
What is a hypothesis? a testable prediction that is derived logically from a theory
The second step in the scientific method involves formulating a hypothesis.
A researcher wants to correlate tension with operational definitions
depression. She develops tests that measure these two
emotional states. The tests are her ____ of the variables
she is interested in.
Operational what are important to research because definitions
they provide clarity in the explanation and
measurement of a phenomenon.
research serves the purpose of determining the basic descriptive
dimensions of a phenomenon and defining what it is or
how often it occurs, but it cannot provide causal
information.
Research that involves determining the relationship correlational
between variables and whose purpose is to examine
whether and how two variables change together is
called what research.
positively correlated If one variable increases, the other variable also increases.
An operational definition is an objective description of measured
how a research variable is going to be and
observed.
A(n) _____ is a carefully regulated procedure in which experiment
one or more variables believed to influence the
behavior being studied are manipulated while all other
variables are held constant.
Random assignment is a procedure in which _____ are participants
assigned to either the treatment or control group on
the basis of chance.
The practice of assignment in experimental research is random
used to make sure that experimental and control
groups are equivalent.
Social psychologists often manipulate situations by confederate.
employing an assistant to play a role. This assistant is
known as a(n)
Quasi-experimental designs do not randomly assign assignment is either impossible of unethical.
participants to a condition because
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT Answers
If two variables are correlated, then one of them must False
cause the other.
What is the difference between a theory and an A theory is falsifiable, whereas an opinion is not.
opinion?
Multiple choice question.
The degree of relationship between two variables is correlational coefficient
expressed as a numerical value called .
Science is most defined by _____ it investigates. how
The dependent variable is the manipulated False
experimental factor in an experiment.
The term _____ is used to describe any aspect of a study demand characteristic
that communicates to the participants how the
experimenter wants them to behave.
Which approach to psychology emphasizes the role of biological
physical processes such as brain and nervous system
functioning?
A behaviorist might study learning through environmental determinants
Which psychological perspective emphasizes psychodynamic approach
unconscious thought, the conflict between biological
drives and society's demands, and early family
experiences?
The what approach to psychology emphasizes a humanistic
person's positive qualities, the capability for positive
growth, and the freedom to choose any destiny.
Which psychological perspective focuses on the cognitive approach
mental processes involved in knowing—that is, how we
direct our attention, perceive, remember, think, and
solve problems?
Which is the psychological perspective that uses evolutionary approach
concepts such as adaptation, reproduction, and natural
selection as the basis for explaining specific human
behaviors?
Which psychological perspective examines the ways in Sociocultural approach
which the social and cultural environments influence
behavior?
, What is a variable? anything that can change
What is a theory? a broad idea, or set of closely related ideas, that attempts to explain certain
observations
What is a hypothesis? a testable prediction that is derived logically from a theory
The second step in the scientific method involves formulating a hypothesis.
A researcher wants to correlate tension with operational definitions
depression. She develops tests that measure these two
emotional states. The tests are her ____ of the variables
she is interested in.
Operational what are important to research because definitions
they provide clarity in the explanation and
measurement of a phenomenon.
research serves the purpose of determining the basic descriptive
dimensions of a phenomenon and defining what it is or
how often it occurs, but it cannot provide causal
information.
Research that involves determining the relationship correlational
between variables and whose purpose is to examine
whether and how two variables change together is
called what research.
positively correlated If one variable increases, the other variable also increases.
An operational definition is an objective description of measured
how a research variable is going to be and
observed.
A(n) _____ is a carefully regulated procedure in which experiment
one or more variables believed to influence the
behavior being studied are manipulated while all other
variables are held constant.
Random assignment is a procedure in which _____ are participants
assigned to either the treatment or control group on
the basis of chance.
The practice of assignment in experimental research is random
used to make sure that experimental and control
groups are equivalent.
Social psychologists often manipulate situations by confederate.
employing an assistant to play a role. This assistant is
known as a(n)
Quasi-experimental designs do not randomly assign assignment is either impossible of unethical.
participants to a condition because
