MICROBIOLOGY ACTUAL
MIDTERM EXAM |250 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED
ANSWERS | 2026 LATEST
UPDATED| 100% RATED CORRECT
| GET AN A+ GRADE!!
Phishing - answer-fraudulent attempt to obtain sensitive information or data, by
disguising oneself as a trustworthy entity in an electronic communication.
Smishing - answer-When someone tries to trick you into giving them your private
information via a text or SMS message.
Vishing - answer-Using social engineering over the telephone system to gain access to
private personal and financial information for the purpose of financial reward
Spam - answer-irrelevant or unsolicited messages sent to a large number of Internet
users, for illegitimate advertising, and other activities such as phishing, and spreading
malware
SPIM - answer-Spam delivered through instant messaging (IM) instead of through e-mail
messaging
Spear Phishing - answer-the act of sending emails to specific and well-researched
targets while pretending to be a trusted sender
Dumpster Diving - answer-exploration of a system's trash bin for the purpose of finding
details in order for a hacker to have a successful online assault.
,Shoulder Surfing - answer-When someone watches over your shoulder to nab valuable
information as you key it into an electronic device.
Pharming - answer-cyberattack intended to redirect a website's traffic to another, fake
site.
Tailgating - answer-Social engineering attempt by cyber threat actors in which they trick
employees into helping them gain unauthorized access into the company premises.
Eliciting Information - answer-Procedures or techniques involving interacting with and
communicating with others that is designed to gather knowledge or inform
Whaling - answer-Spear phishing that focuses on one specific high level executive or
influencer
Prepending - answer-Prepend is a word that means to attach content as a prefix. For
example, a prepend command could be used in a scripting language that a programmer
would enter into a certain function or code module. It would add certain characters of
text to the beginning of some variable or object.
Identity Fraud - answer-identity fraud is the use of stolen information such as making
fake ID's and fake bank accounts
Invoice Scams - answer-using fraudulent invoices to steal from a company
Credential Harvesting - answer-the use of MITM attacks, DNS poisoning, phishing, etc.
to amass large numbers of credentials (username / password combinations) for reuse.
Reconnaissance - answer-- Information gathering about a target network
,Hoax - answer-Cyber hoax scams are attacks that exploit unsuspecting users to provide
valuable information, such as login credentials or money.
Impersonation - answer-typically involves an email that seems to come from a trusted
source.
Watering hole attack - answer-security exploit in which the attacker seeks to
compromise a specific group of end users by infecting websites that members of the
group are known to visit. The goal is to infect a targeted user's computer and gain
access to the network at the target's place of employment.
Typo squatting - answer-type of cybersquatting used by imposters that involve
registering domains with intentionally misspelled names of popular web addresses to
install malware on the user's system
Pretexting - answer-the practice of presenting oneself as someone else in order to
obtain private information.
Influence campaigns - answer-
Hybrid warfare - answer-- Combining conventional warfare with cyberwarfare
Social Media Campaign - answer-Planned, coordinated marketing efforts using one or
more social media platforms.
Principles: - answer-Authority: an attacker may try to appear to have a certain level
authority.
Intimidation: may try to make the victim think that something terrible is going to happen
if they don't comply with the attacker's wishes.
Consensus: An attacker may try to sway the mind of a victim using names they are
familiar with, saying that such ones provided them information (they are fishing for) in
the past and you should be able to do the same.
, Scarcity: An attacker may try to set a time limit on a victim so that they can comply with
their wishes by a certain deadline.
Familiarity: they make you familiar with them on the phone and make you want to do
things for them.
Trust: The attacker in this case can claim to be a friend or close associate of someone
you may know very well and that's trusted.
Urgency: When attackers want you to act and not think, they want you to do what they
want as quickly as possible so that there's no time to spot all the red flags.
Malware - answer-a program or file designed to be disruptive, invasive and harmful to
your computer.
Ransomware - answer-Software that encrypts programs and data until a ransom is paid
to remove it.
Worms - answer-Independent computer programs that copy themselves from one
computer to other computers over a network
potentially unwanted program (PUP) - answer-program that installs itself on a computer,
typically without the user's informed consent
Fileless virus - answer-Software that uses legitimate programs to infect a computer. It
does not rely on files and leaves no footprint, making it challenging to detect and
remove.
command and control - answer-A computer controlled by an attacker or cybercriminal
which is used to send commands to systems compromised by malware and receive
stolen data from a target network
Bots - answer-self-propagating malware that infects its host and connects back to a
central server(s).
MIDTERM EXAM |250 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED
ANSWERS | 2026 LATEST
UPDATED| 100% RATED CORRECT
| GET AN A+ GRADE!!
Phishing - answer-fraudulent attempt to obtain sensitive information or data, by
disguising oneself as a trustworthy entity in an electronic communication.
Smishing - answer-When someone tries to trick you into giving them your private
information via a text or SMS message.
Vishing - answer-Using social engineering over the telephone system to gain access to
private personal and financial information for the purpose of financial reward
Spam - answer-irrelevant or unsolicited messages sent to a large number of Internet
users, for illegitimate advertising, and other activities such as phishing, and spreading
malware
SPIM - answer-Spam delivered through instant messaging (IM) instead of through e-mail
messaging
Spear Phishing - answer-the act of sending emails to specific and well-researched
targets while pretending to be a trusted sender
Dumpster Diving - answer-exploration of a system's trash bin for the purpose of finding
details in order for a hacker to have a successful online assault.
,Shoulder Surfing - answer-When someone watches over your shoulder to nab valuable
information as you key it into an electronic device.
Pharming - answer-cyberattack intended to redirect a website's traffic to another, fake
site.
Tailgating - answer-Social engineering attempt by cyber threat actors in which they trick
employees into helping them gain unauthorized access into the company premises.
Eliciting Information - answer-Procedures or techniques involving interacting with and
communicating with others that is designed to gather knowledge or inform
Whaling - answer-Spear phishing that focuses on one specific high level executive or
influencer
Prepending - answer-Prepend is a word that means to attach content as a prefix. For
example, a prepend command could be used in a scripting language that a programmer
would enter into a certain function or code module. It would add certain characters of
text to the beginning of some variable or object.
Identity Fraud - answer-identity fraud is the use of stolen information such as making
fake ID's and fake bank accounts
Invoice Scams - answer-using fraudulent invoices to steal from a company
Credential Harvesting - answer-the use of MITM attacks, DNS poisoning, phishing, etc.
to amass large numbers of credentials (username / password combinations) for reuse.
Reconnaissance - answer-- Information gathering about a target network
,Hoax - answer-Cyber hoax scams are attacks that exploit unsuspecting users to provide
valuable information, such as login credentials or money.
Impersonation - answer-typically involves an email that seems to come from a trusted
source.
Watering hole attack - answer-security exploit in which the attacker seeks to
compromise a specific group of end users by infecting websites that members of the
group are known to visit. The goal is to infect a targeted user's computer and gain
access to the network at the target's place of employment.
Typo squatting - answer-type of cybersquatting used by imposters that involve
registering domains with intentionally misspelled names of popular web addresses to
install malware on the user's system
Pretexting - answer-the practice of presenting oneself as someone else in order to
obtain private information.
Influence campaigns - answer-
Hybrid warfare - answer-- Combining conventional warfare with cyberwarfare
Social Media Campaign - answer-Planned, coordinated marketing efforts using one or
more social media platforms.
Principles: - answer-Authority: an attacker may try to appear to have a certain level
authority.
Intimidation: may try to make the victim think that something terrible is going to happen
if they don't comply with the attacker's wishes.
Consensus: An attacker may try to sway the mind of a victim using names they are
familiar with, saying that such ones provided them information (they are fishing for) in
the past and you should be able to do the same.
, Scarcity: An attacker may try to set a time limit on a victim so that they can comply with
their wishes by a certain deadline.
Familiarity: they make you familiar with them on the phone and make you want to do
things for them.
Trust: The attacker in this case can claim to be a friend or close associate of someone
you may know very well and that's trusted.
Urgency: When attackers want you to act and not think, they want you to do what they
want as quickly as possible so that there's no time to spot all the red flags.
Malware - answer-a program or file designed to be disruptive, invasive and harmful to
your computer.
Ransomware - answer-Software that encrypts programs and data until a ransom is paid
to remove it.
Worms - answer-Independent computer programs that copy themselves from one
computer to other computers over a network
potentially unwanted program (PUP) - answer-program that installs itself on a computer,
typically without the user's informed consent
Fileless virus - answer-Software that uses legitimate programs to infect a computer. It
does not rely on files and leaves no footprint, making it challenging to detect and
remove.
command and control - answer-A computer controlled by an attacker or cybercriminal
which is used to send commands to systems compromised by malware and receive
stolen data from a target network
Bots - answer-self-propagating malware that infects its host and connects back to a
central server(s).
