PSYCHOLOGY 1101 LATEST 2026 COMPREHENIVE EXAM
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔Sleep Stage 1 - ✔✔50% reduction in alpha waves compared to awake resting with
eyes closed. The stage is sometimes referred to as somnolence or "drowsy sleep". It
appears at sleep onset and can be associated with so-called hypnagogic hallucinations.
When we are preparing to drift off, we go though Alpha and Theta, and have periods of
dreaminess, almost like daydreaming, except we are beginning to fall asleep. These are
interesting states, in that we experience them throughout the day and some people may
have more of these waves than others.
✔✔Sleep Stage 2 - ✔✔The second stage of sleep lasts about 20 minutes. Our brain
begins to produce very short periods of rapid, rhythmic brain wave activity known as
Sleep Spindles. Body temperature begins dropping and heart rate starts slowing down.
✔✔Sleep Stage 3 - ✔✔Deep, slow brain waves known as Delta Waves begin to emerge
during this stage. It is a transitional period between light sleep and a very deep sleep.
✔✔Sleep Stage 4 - ✔✔This is sometimes referred to as Delta Sleep because of the
delta waves that occur during this time. Stage Four is a deep sleep that lasts for about
30 minutes. Sleepwalking and bed-wetting typically happen at the end of Stage Four
sleep. (This does not include the problems that can happen with sleep medications like
Ambien and Lunesta).
✔✔Day Dreams - ✔✔Familiar details
✔✔5 reasons we sleep - ✔✔Sleep to rest
Sleep to heal
Sleep to learn
Sleep to dream
It protects, recuperates, makes memories, feeds creative thinking, and may play a role
in the growth process
✔✔consequences of sleep deprivation - ✔✔- slower physical reflexes
- hand tremors
- droopy eyelids
- headaches
- lower energy levels
(note: there is little change, if any, in heart rate, respiration, blood pressure and body
temp.)
✔✔What is paradoxical sleep? - ✔✔The body's condition during REM sleep when the
muscles are relaxed but other systems are active
, ✔✔how long is sleep cycle - ✔✔90 minutes
✔✔sleep walking/ bed wetting - ✔✔stage 4
✔✔What are the major sleep disorders? - ✔✔insomnia, narcolepsy, sleep apnea, night
terrors, and sleepwalking
✔✔What is insomnia? - ✔✔recurring problems falling or staying asleep
✔✔What is narcolepsy? - ✔✔a sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep
attacks; the sufferer may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune times
✔✔What is sleep apnea? - ✔✔a sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations
of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings
✔✔What are night terrors? - ✔✔a sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and an
appearance of being terrified; unlike nightmares, night terrors occur during Stage 4
sleep, within 2 or 3 hours of falling asleep, and are seldom remembered
✔✔What is a dream? - ✔✔a sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing
through a sleeping person's mind. Dreams are notable for their hallucinatory imagery,
discontinuities, and incongruities, and for the dreamer's delusional acceptance of the
content and later difficulties remembering it
✔✔Psychoactive Drugs - ✔✔act on the nervous system to alter consciousness, modify
perceptions, and change moods.
✔✔addiction - ✔✔For drug use to be considered an_______ there has to be a physical
and/or psychological dependence on the drug.
✔✔Substance disorder - ✔✔Substance use disorder (SUD), also known as drug use
disorder, is a condition in which the use of one or more substances leads to a clinically
significant impairment or distress. Although the term substance can refer to any physical
matter, 'substance' in this context is limited to psychoactive drugs.
✔✔tolerance - ✔✔the need to take increasing amounts of a drug to get the same effect
✔✔addiction - ✔✔Experts on drug abuse use the term ______ to describe either a
physical or psychological dependence, or both, on the drug
✔✔Drug withdrawal - ✔✔is the group of symptoms that occur upon the abrupt
discontinuation or decrease in intake of medications or recreational drugs.
✔✔depressants - ✔✔- psychoactive drugs that slow down mental and physical activity.
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔Sleep Stage 1 - ✔✔50% reduction in alpha waves compared to awake resting with
eyes closed. The stage is sometimes referred to as somnolence or "drowsy sleep". It
appears at sleep onset and can be associated with so-called hypnagogic hallucinations.
When we are preparing to drift off, we go though Alpha and Theta, and have periods of
dreaminess, almost like daydreaming, except we are beginning to fall asleep. These are
interesting states, in that we experience them throughout the day and some people may
have more of these waves than others.
✔✔Sleep Stage 2 - ✔✔The second stage of sleep lasts about 20 minutes. Our brain
begins to produce very short periods of rapid, rhythmic brain wave activity known as
Sleep Spindles. Body temperature begins dropping and heart rate starts slowing down.
✔✔Sleep Stage 3 - ✔✔Deep, slow brain waves known as Delta Waves begin to emerge
during this stage. It is a transitional period between light sleep and a very deep sleep.
✔✔Sleep Stage 4 - ✔✔This is sometimes referred to as Delta Sleep because of the
delta waves that occur during this time. Stage Four is a deep sleep that lasts for about
30 minutes. Sleepwalking and bed-wetting typically happen at the end of Stage Four
sleep. (This does not include the problems that can happen with sleep medications like
Ambien and Lunesta).
✔✔Day Dreams - ✔✔Familiar details
✔✔5 reasons we sleep - ✔✔Sleep to rest
Sleep to heal
Sleep to learn
Sleep to dream
It protects, recuperates, makes memories, feeds creative thinking, and may play a role
in the growth process
✔✔consequences of sleep deprivation - ✔✔- slower physical reflexes
- hand tremors
- droopy eyelids
- headaches
- lower energy levels
(note: there is little change, if any, in heart rate, respiration, blood pressure and body
temp.)
✔✔What is paradoxical sleep? - ✔✔The body's condition during REM sleep when the
muscles are relaxed but other systems are active
, ✔✔how long is sleep cycle - ✔✔90 minutes
✔✔sleep walking/ bed wetting - ✔✔stage 4
✔✔What are the major sleep disorders? - ✔✔insomnia, narcolepsy, sleep apnea, night
terrors, and sleepwalking
✔✔What is insomnia? - ✔✔recurring problems falling or staying asleep
✔✔What is narcolepsy? - ✔✔a sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep
attacks; the sufferer may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune times
✔✔What is sleep apnea? - ✔✔a sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations
of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings
✔✔What are night terrors? - ✔✔a sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and an
appearance of being terrified; unlike nightmares, night terrors occur during Stage 4
sleep, within 2 or 3 hours of falling asleep, and are seldom remembered
✔✔What is a dream? - ✔✔a sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing
through a sleeping person's mind. Dreams are notable for their hallucinatory imagery,
discontinuities, and incongruities, and for the dreamer's delusional acceptance of the
content and later difficulties remembering it
✔✔Psychoactive Drugs - ✔✔act on the nervous system to alter consciousness, modify
perceptions, and change moods.
✔✔addiction - ✔✔For drug use to be considered an_______ there has to be a physical
and/or psychological dependence on the drug.
✔✔Substance disorder - ✔✔Substance use disorder (SUD), also known as drug use
disorder, is a condition in which the use of one or more substances leads to a clinically
significant impairment or distress. Although the term substance can refer to any physical
matter, 'substance' in this context is limited to psychoactive drugs.
✔✔tolerance - ✔✔the need to take increasing amounts of a drug to get the same effect
✔✔addiction - ✔✔Experts on drug abuse use the term ______ to describe either a
physical or psychological dependence, or both, on the drug
✔✔Drug withdrawal - ✔✔is the group of symptoms that occur upon the abrupt
discontinuation or decrease in intake of medications or recreational drugs.
✔✔depressants - ✔✔- psychoactive drugs that slow down mental and physical activity.
