PSYCHOLOGY 1101 LATEST 2026 STUDY GUIDE
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔Internal Validity - ✔✔an attribute of an experiment that allows it to establish causal
relationships
✔✔External Validity - ✔✔an attribute of an experiment in which variables have been
defined in a normal, typical, or realistic way
✔✔Population - ✔✔a complete collection of participants who might possibly be
measured
✔✔Sample - ✔✔a partial collection of people drawn from a population
✔✔Case Method - ✔✔a procedure for gathering scientific information by studying a
single individual
✔✔Random Sampling - ✔✔a technique for choosing participants that ensures that
every member of a population has an equal chance of being included in the sample
✔✔Direct Replication - ✔✔an experiment that uses the same procedures as a previous
experiment but with a new sample
✔✔Informed Consent - ✔✔A written agreement to participate in a study made by an
adult who has been informed of all the risks that participation may entail.
✔✔Debriefing - ✔✔a verbal description of the true nature and purpose of a study
✔✔Neurons - ✔✔cells in the nervous system that communicate with one another to
perform information-processing tasks
✔✔Cell Body (or Soma) - ✔✔the part of a neuron that coordinates information-
processing tasks and keeps the cell alive
✔✔Dendrite - ✔✔the part of a neuron that receives information from other neurons and
relays it to the cell body
✔✔Axon - ✔✔the part of a neuron that carries information to other neurons, muscles, or
glands
✔✔Myclin Sheath - ✔✔an insulating layer of fatty material
✔✔Glial Cells - ✔✔support cells found in the nervous system
, ✔✔Synapse - ✔✔the junction or region between the axon of one neuron and the
dendrites or cell body of another
✔✔Sensory Neurons - ✔✔neurons that carry incoming information from the sensory
receptors to the brain and spinal cord
✔✔Motor Neurons - ✔✔neurons that carry outgoing information from the brain and
spinal cord to the muscles and glands
✔✔Interneurons - ✔✔neurons that connect sensory neurons, motor neurons, or other
interneurons
✔✔Resting Potential - ✔✔The difference in electric charge between the inside and
outside of a neuron's cell membrane
✔✔Action Potential - ✔✔an electric signal that is conducted along a neuron's axon to a
synapse
✔✔Refractory Period - ✔✔the time following an action potential during which a new
action potential cannot be initiated
✔✔Terminal Buttons - ✔✔knoblike structures that branch out from an axon
✔✔Neurotransmitters - ✔✔chemicals that transmit information across the synapse to a
receiving neuron's dendrites
✔✔Receptors - ✔✔parts of the cell membrane that receive the neurotransmitter and
initiate or prevent a new electric signal
✔✔Acetylcholine (ACh) - ✔✔a neurotransmitter involved in a number of functions,
including voluntary motor control
✔✔Dopamine - ✔✔a neurotransmitter that regulates motor behavior, motivation,
pleasure, and emotional arousal
✔✔Glutamate - ✔✔A major excitatory neurotransmitter; involved in memory
✔✔GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) - ✔✔the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the
brain
✔✔Norepinephrine - ✔✔a neurotransmitter thats primarily involved in states of vigilance
or heightened awareness of dangers in the environment
✔✔Serotonin - ✔✔A neurotransmitter that affects hunger,sleep, arousal, and mood.
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔Internal Validity - ✔✔an attribute of an experiment that allows it to establish causal
relationships
✔✔External Validity - ✔✔an attribute of an experiment in which variables have been
defined in a normal, typical, or realistic way
✔✔Population - ✔✔a complete collection of participants who might possibly be
measured
✔✔Sample - ✔✔a partial collection of people drawn from a population
✔✔Case Method - ✔✔a procedure for gathering scientific information by studying a
single individual
✔✔Random Sampling - ✔✔a technique for choosing participants that ensures that
every member of a population has an equal chance of being included in the sample
✔✔Direct Replication - ✔✔an experiment that uses the same procedures as a previous
experiment but with a new sample
✔✔Informed Consent - ✔✔A written agreement to participate in a study made by an
adult who has been informed of all the risks that participation may entail.
✔✔Debriefing - ✔✔a verbal description of the true nature and purpose of a study
✔✔Neurons - ✔✔cells in the nervous system that communicate with one another to
perform information-processing tasks
✔✔Cell Body (or Soma) - ✔✔the part of a neuron that coordinates information-
processing tasks and keeps the cell alive
✔✔Dendrite - ✔✔the part of a neuron that receives information from other neurons and
relays it to the cell body
✔✔Axon - ✔✔the part of a neuron that carries information to other neurons, muscles, or
glands
✔✔Myclin Sheath - ✔✔an insulating layer of fatty material
✔✔Glial Cells - ✔✔support cells found in the nervous system
, ✔✔Synapse - ✔✔the junction or region between the axon of one neuron and the
dendrites or cell body of another
✔✔Sensory Neurons - ✔✔neurons that carry incoming information from the sensory
receptors to the brain and spinal cord
✔✔Motor Neurons - ✔✔neurons that carry outgoing information from the brain and
spinal cord to the muscles and glands
✔✔Interneurons - ✔✔neurons that connect sensory neurons, motor neurons, or other
interneurons
✔✔Resting Potential - ✔✔The difference in electric charge between the inside and
outside of a neuron's cell membrane
✔✔Action Potential - ✔✔an electric signal that is conducted along a neuron's axon to a
synapse
✔✔Refractory Period - ✔✔the time following an action potential during which a new
action potential cannot be initiated
✔✔Terminal Buttons - ✔✔knoblike structures that branch out from an axon
✔✔Neurotransmitters - ✔✔chemicals that transmit information across the synapse to a
receiving neuron's dendrites
✔✔Receptors - ✔✔parts of the cell membrane that receive the neurotransmitter and
initiate or prevent a new electric signal
✔✔Acetylcholine (ACh) - ✔✔a neurotransmitter involved in a number of functions,
including voluntary motor control
✔✔Dopamine - ✔✔a neurotransmitter that regulates motor behavior, motivation,
pleasure, and emotional arousal
✔✔Glutamate - ✔✔A major excitatory neurotransmitter; involved in memory
✔✔GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) - ✔✔the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the
brain
✔✔Norepinephrine - ✔✔a neurotransmitter thats primarily involved in states of vigilance
or heightened awareness of dangers in the environment
✔✔Serotonin - ✔✔A neurotransmitter that affects hunger,sleep, arousal, and mood.
