INSTRUCTORS MANUAL AND TEST FOR
JUVENILE JUSTICE IN AMERICA REVIEW PAPER
2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH EXPERT
SOLUTIONS AND MARKING SCHEME
◉ Controversial status youths are those who _____.
Answer: are either highly liked or intensely disliked by their peers
◉ By definition, a gang _____.
Answer: must have at least three members
◉ Which term refers to the practice of one gang baiting a rival gang
into a confrontation by using signs of the rival gang?
Answer: false flagging
◉ Which view proposes that juveniles join gangs because youths
long for ancestral tribal practices that sustained their people?
Answer: anthropological
◉ The most effective tactic in controlling gang activity is _____.
Answer: prevention
,◉ Which view of gang formation argues that gangs form because of
the destructive sociocultural forces in problematic inner-city areas?
Answer: social disorganization view
◉ Which youth gang was found to roam places in New York, Boston,
and Philadelphia in the 1820s?
Answer: the roach guards
◉ What is the most common reason for gangs to migrate?
Answer: the presence of various social factors such as relocation of
famlies
◉ Based on law enforcement reports, there are an estimated ____
gang members throughout the United States.
Answer: 730,000
◉ Which hypothesis argues that gang membership aids deviant
behavior because it provides the structure and group support for
antisocial activities?
Answer: facilitation hypothesis
◉ According to the anomie/alienation view of gang formation,
feelings of alienation may be _____ once kids join gangs.
, Answer: exacerbated
◉ Gangs are thought to have reemerged, at least in part, because of
the ____.
Answer: lack of stable families and adult supervision
◉ Frederick Thrasher identified an interstitial area as an area ____.
Answer: of the city that forms when there is a crack in the social
fabric and in which deviant groups form
◉ Which law enforcement effort involves traditional police
personnel, usually from the youth unit, who are given responsibility
for gang control?
Answer: youth services programs
◉ Within common gang slang, the number 14 refers to allegiance to
____ gangs.
Answer: Northern California
◉ The term _____ is used to describe most gangs because they tend to
maintain a small core of committed members and a much larger
group of affiliated youth, who participate in gang activity only when
the mood suits them.
Answer: near-group
JUVENILE JUSTICE IN AMERICA REVIEW PAPER
2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH EXPERT
SOLUTIONS AND MARKING SCHEME
◉ Controversial status youths are those who _____.
Answer: are either highly liked or intensely disliked by their peers
◉ By definition, a gang _____.
Answer: must have at least three members
◉ Which term refers to the practice of one gang baiting a rival gang
into a confrontation by using signs of the rival gang?
Answer: false flagging
◉ Which view proposes that juveniles join gangs because youths
long for ancestral tribal practices that sustained their people?
Answer: anthropological
◉ The most effective tactic in controlling gang activity is _____.
Answer: prevention
,◉ Which view of gang formation argues that gangs form because of
the destructive sociocultural forces in problematic inner-city areas?
Answer: social disorganization view
◉ Which youth gang was found to roam places in New York, Boston,
and Philadelphia in the 1820s?
Answer: the roach guards
◉ What is the most common reason for gangs to migrate?
Answer: the presence of various social factors such as relocation of
famlies
◉ Based on law enforcement reports, there are an estimated ____
gang members throughout the United States.
Answer: 730,000
◉ Which hypothesis argues that gang membership aids deviant
behavior because it provides the structure and group support for
antisocial activities?
Answer: facilitation hypothesis
◉ According to the anomie/alienation view of gang formation,
feelings of alienation may be _____ once kids join gangs.
, Answer: exacerbated
◉ Gangs are thought to have reemerged, at least in part, because of
the ____.
Answer: lack of stable families and adult supervision
◉ Frederick Thrasher identified an interstitial area as an area ____.
Answer: of the city that forms when there is a crack in the social
fabric and in which deviant groups form
◉ Which law enforcement effort involves traditional police
personnel, usually from the youth unit, who are given responsibility
for gang control?
Answer: youth services programs
◉ Within common gang slang, the number 14 refers to allegiance to
____ gangs.
Answer: Northern California
◉ The term _____ is used to describe most gangs because they tend to
maintain a small core of committed members and a much larger
group of affiliated youth, who participate in gang activity only when
the mood suits them.
Answer: near-group
