CMSRN FINAL STUDY GUIDE 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS.
✔ Cholecystitis (Cause/Risks/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment).
Answer: Causes: inflammation of gallbladder from cystic duct
blockage by gallstones.
Risks: elderly, women, overweight, weight loss.
Symptoms: RUQ pain, N/V, jaundice, fever, tender gallbladder,
gangrene if untreated.
Diagnosis: LFT, RUQ ultrasound (best for women to rule out
pregnancy).
Treatment: antibiotics, cholecystectomy, treat asap.
✔ Gastritis (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment). Answer:
Causes: inflammation stomach lining, corticosteroid or NSAID use,
excessive alcohol use.
Symptoms: abdominal pain, nausea/vomitting.
Diagnosis: symptomatic.
Treatment: antibiotics, antacids, antidiarrheals if needed.
✔ Appendicitis (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment). Answer:
Causes:
Symptoms:
Diagnosis:
, Treatment:
✔ Spinal Cord Injury (Identifying). Answer: Clincal: Assessing
patient movements/sensation/pain
Xray: examine spine for fracture/degen changes, tumors
CT: check intervertebral discs for damage
MRI: identify herniated discs, blood clots, growths.
✔ Spinal Cord Injury (Segments/Severity). Answer: Cervical: C1-
C8 (Tetraplegia)
Thoracic: T1-T12 (Paraplegia)
Lumbar: L1-L5
Sacral: S1
✔ Spinal Cord Injury Shock Syndromes. Answer: Hemorrhagic
shock: under T6 nerve, can cause hypotension
Spinal shock: patient loses sensory motor functions
Neurogenic shock: bradycardia, hypotension, vasodilation. Over T5
nerve, may need Prednisone.
✔ Spinal Cord Injury (Movement/Assessment). Answer:
Movements: minimal, immobilize spine
Assess: numbness or paralysis, damage up to 48-72h after injury
✔ Spinal Cord Injury (Forms of Care). Answer: General
immobilization: lessen further damage.
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS.
✔ Cholecystitis (Cause/Risks/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment).
Answer: Causes: inflammation of gallbladder from cystic duct
blockage by gallstones.
Risks: elderly, women, overweight, weight loss.
Symptoms: RUQ pain, N/V, jaundice, fever, tender gallbladder,
gangrene if untreated.
Diagnosis: LFT, RUQ ultrasound (best for women to rule out
pregnancy).
Treatment: antibiotics, cholecystectomy, treat asap.
✔ Gastritis (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment). Answer:
Causes: inflammation stomach lining, corticosteroid or NSAID use,
excessive alcohol use.
Symptoms: abdominal pain, nausea/vomitting.
Diagnosis: symptomatic.
Treatment: antibiotics, antacids, antidiarrheals if needed.
✔ Appendicitis (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment). Answer:
Causes:
Symptoms:
Diagnosis:
, Treatment:
✔ Spinal Cord Injury (Identifying). Answer: Clincal: Assessing
patient movements/sensation/pain
Xray: examine spine for fracture/degen changes, tumors
CT: check intervertebral discs for damage
MRI: identify herniated discs, blood clots, growths.
✔ Spinal Cord Injury (Segments/Severity). Answer: Cervical: C1-
C8 (Tetraplegia)
Thoracic: T1-T12 (Paraplegia)
Lumbar: L1-L5
Sacral: S1
✔ Spinal Cord Injury Shock Syndromes. Answer: Hemorrhagic
shock: under T6 nerve, can cause hypotension
Spinal shock: patient loses sensory motor functions
Neurogenic shock: bradycardia, hypotension, vasodilation. Over T5
nerve, may need Prednisone.
✔ Spinal Cord Injury (Movement/Assessment). Answer:
Movements: minimal, immobilize spine
Assess: numbness or paralysis, damage up to 48-72h after injury
✔ Spinal Cord Injury (Forms of Care). Answer: General
immobilization: lessen further damage.
