AND ANSWERS FIRM A+
✔✔victory stand demonstration - ✔✔the ________: during the playing of the national
anthem, Smith raised his right black-gloved fist and straight above his head, and Carlos
raised his left black-gloved fist as well (unity and power); Smith wore a knotted black
scarf around his neck (black pride), string of black beads around neck (those that had
been lynched) and both wore long black socks and no shoes (black poverty in U.S.);
both stood with heads bowed, eyes closed, not saying a word
✔✔Arthur Ashe Courage Award - ✔✔Tommie Smith and John Carlos won the
________ in 2008.
✔✔Beamon - ✔✔performed the most superlative accomplishment in the history of
recorded sports; broke the world record for the long jump by more than 2 feet-jumped
29'2.5"
✔✔Lewis - ✔✔received more pre-Olympic publicity than any other athlete had ever
experienced before, and he lived up to expectations; first Olympic performer since
Jesse Owens in 1936 to win 4 track and field gold medals in one Olympiad
✔✔Barcelona - ✔✔In 1992, the games were held in ________. The USA's Dream Team
was the undisputed superstar. Notable track stars were Carl Lewis, Joyner-Kersee, Gail
Devers, and Michael Johnson.
✔✔Title IX - ✔✔"No person...shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation
in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any educational
program or activity receiving federal financial aid."; started off in education but mostly
known in sports
✔✔Global Women's Rights Movement - ✔✔during 50s (rock and roll); females
enhanced as human beings: intellectual and physical abilities
✔✔feminist movement - ✔✔70s; women were now beginning to assert themselves and
began taking a more active roll in terms of everything (not just the housewife anymore)
✔✔Cooper - ✔✔"Father of Aerobics"; began the health and fitness movement
✔✔health and fitness movement - ✔✔traditional ideas of femininity was thin and
sexually attractive to men; emphasis on development of physical strength and
competence
✔✔Everett - ✔✔tennis player in 70s; didn't have body like modern tennis players
(modern are muscular)
, ✔✔women, men - ✔✔(Men/Women) stood still, smiling with the ball in photographs, and
(men/women) had an action shot putting the ball in the basket.
✔✔Women's Sports Foundation - ✔✔help found Title IX; avid about women's
participation; founded by Billy Jean King
✔✔Burk - ✔✔leader for National Council of Women's Organizations
✔✔Hootie - ✔✔(chairman of Augusta National Golf Club)
✔✔King, Riggs - ✔✔tennis match between these 2 was organized and known as "Battle
of the Sexes" in Houston Astrodome
✔✔King - ✔✔Who won the "Battle of the Sexes" tennis match?
✔✔homophobia - ✔✔a generalized fear or intolerance of lesbians, gay men, and
bisexual people; powerful cultural factor that has discouraged many girls from playing
certain sports or making sports an important part of their lives
✔✔June 23, 1972 - ✔✔When was Title IX passed?
✔✔Mink - ✔✔trying to get into law school and was denied because she was a woman;
one of the initial reasons that Title IX was brought up as a piece of legislation
✔✔1 cent - ✔✔Prior to Title IX, 3.7 million boys and 295,000 girls played sports, and
girls received ________ of every dollar spent on high school teams.
✔✔2, 3, 1, 5, 4 - ✔✔Put this Title IX Timeline in order: 1. Colleges required to be in full
compliance (not because things weren't specific enough yet); 2. NCAA got wind that this
law was getting passed, argues that athletics be excluded (lost and athletics was
included); 3. Office of Civil Rights published legal clarifications after receiving 10,000
comments/questions/complaints; 4. opponents lobbied President Reagan to overturn
law; 5. Office of Civil Rights established "Three-Pronged Test of Title IX" to assess
compliance-didn't eliminate resistance but gave women legal basis for filing lawsuits
✔✔proportionality - ✔✔one of three-pronged test of Title IX; sport opportunities for male
and female students at the institution are "substantially proportionate" to their student
body (51:49)
✔✔accommodation of interest - ✔✔one of three-pronged test of Title IX; the institution is
"fully and effectively" accommodating the interests and abilities of the underrepresented
sex