E coli
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gram - rod
many virulence factors: cystitis, pyeloneophritis, penumonia, neonatal
meningitis, septic shock
1. enteroinvasive: necrosis and inflammation (dysentry)
2. enterotoxigenic (ETEC): travelers diarrhea
3. enteropathogenic: no toxin, diarrhea in children = pedes
4. enterohemorrhagic (EHEC): dysentery, hemolytic uremic syndrome
(shiga-like toxin), hamburgers
does not ferment sorbitol
,Chlamydiae
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obligate intracellular organisms causing mucosal infection
gram -
1. C. trachomatis: reactive arhtritis, neonatal and adult conjunctivitis,
urethritis, PID
2. C. pneumoniae: atypical pneumonia
tx: azithromycin or doxycycline (+ ceftriaxzone for gonorrhea)
Fluorescent antibody stain
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FTA-ABS for syphilis (treponema)
anaerobes
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Clostridium
Bacteroides
Fusobacterium
Actinomyces israelii
lack catalase and superoxide dismutase = susceptible to oxidative dmaage
, normally flora in the GIT, pathogenic elsewhere
aminoglycosides are ineffective
Leptospira interrogans
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spirochete with hook ends in water + animal urine
leptospirosis: flu like, myalgias in calves, jaundice, photophobica,
conjunctival issues = tropics
weil disease: jaundice, liver and kideny dysfunction (azoetemia), fever,
hemorrhage, anemia
Bacillus anthracis
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gram + spore forming rod
anthrax toxin
halo in colonies (medusa head)
-cutaneous antrax: ulcer, black, painless papule, necrotic
-pulmonary anthrax via spore inhalation: flu -> shock
CXR: wide mediastinum
, structures common to all bacteria
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-flagella
-pilus
-capsule
-cell wall with peptidoglycan
-cytoplasmic membrane
Salmonella typhi and spp.
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Gram - rods
invade GIT via M cells of Peyer patch
humans and animals
hematogenous dissemination
H2S production
Flagella = swim
endotoxin, Vi capsule
need high dose to be infected!!!! gastric enzymes inactive it
antibiotics: prolongs duration of illness
immune response: monocytes, PMNs
GI: diarrhea, could be bloody
vaccine: for S typhi (live and not)
no vaccine for S spp.
S. typhi: typhoid fever (rose sports on abdomen, constpation, fever), can
colonize gallbladder. tx with antibiotics
Give this one a try later!
gram - rod
many virulence factors: cystitis, pyeloneophritis, penumonia, neonatal
meningitis, septic shock
1. enteroinvasive: necrosis and inflammation (dysentry)
2. enterotoxigenic (ETEC): travelers diarrhea
3. enteropathogenic: no toxin, diarrhea in children = pedes
4. enterohemorrhagic (EHEC): dysentery, hemolytic uremic syndrome
(shiga-like toxin), hamburgers
does not ferment sorbitol
,Chlamydiae
Give this one a try later!
obligate intracellular organisms causing mucosal infection
gram -
1. C. trachomatis: reactive arhtritis, neonatal and adult conjunctivitis,
urethritis, PID
2. C. pneumoniae: atypical pneumonia
tx: azithromycin or doxycycline (+ ceftriaxzone for gonorrhea)
Fluorescent antibody stain
Give this one a try later!
FTA-ABS for syphilis (treponema)
anaerobes
Give this one a try later!
Clostridium
Bacteroides
Fusobacterium
Actinomyces israelii
lack catalase and superoxide dismutase = susceptible to oxidative dmaage
, normally flora in the GIT, pathogenic elsewhere
aminoglycosides are ineffective
Leptospira interrogans
Give this one a try later!
spirochete with hook ends in water + animal urine
leptospirosis: flu like, myalgias in calves, jaundice, photophobica,
conjunctival issues = tropics
weil disease: jaundice, liver and kideny dysfunction (azoetemia), fever,
hemorrhage, anemia
Bacillus anthracis
Give this one a try later!
gram + spore forming rod
anthrax toxin
halo in colonies (medusa head)
-cutaneous antrax: ulcer, black, painless papule, necrotic
-pulmonary anthrax via spore inhalation: flu -> shock
CXR: wide mediastinum
, structures common to all bacteria
Give this one a try later!
-flagella
-pilus
-capsule
-cell wall with peptidoglycan
-cytoplasmic membrane
Salmonella typhi and spp.
Give this one a try later!
Gram - rods
invade GIT via M cells of Peyer patch
humans and animals
hematogenous dissemination
H2S production
Flagella = swim
endotoxin, Vi capsule
need high dose to be infected!!!! gastric enzymes inactive it
antibiotics: prolongs duration of illness
immune response: monocytes, PMNs
GI: diarrhea, could be bloody
vaccine: for S typhi (live and not)
no vaccine for S spp.
S. typhi: typhoid fever (rose sports on abdomen, constpation, fever), can
colonize gallbladder. tx with antibiotics
