NERC TEST QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026
What must a BA or TO with insufficient generation or transmission capacity
have the capability and authority to do? - ANSWER-Shed load rather than risk
an uncontrolled failure of the interconnection'
What must a BA or TO do prior to shedding load? - ANSWER-All other
remedial steps must be taken prior
What could be the result of not shedding load? - ANSWER-Uncontrolled failure
or components or cascading outages
A TO must coordinate its load shedding plans, excluding UFLS, with who? -
ANSWER-Other interconnected TO and BA
What factors will be considered in designing an automatic UVLS? - ANSWER-
Voltage level, rate of voltage decay or power flow levels
UVLS can be included in plans to preven t or minimize what? - ANSWER-
uncontrolled separation, loss of generation, or system shutdown
Under what conditions would a BA or TO be required to continue shedding
load? - ANSWER-After separation from the Interconnection, if there is
insufficeient generating capacity to restore frequency after UFLS
,What must be done with shunt caps in arranging automatic load shedding? -
ANSWER-Arrange tripping of the shunt caps to prevent dropping load and
leaving capacitors in service; excess voltage could occur
If all available resources to a BA are in use for meeting load and reserves, what
is the corresponding EEA? - ANSWER-EEA 1
Training staff must be identified and the staff must be competent in what two
things? - ANSWER-Knowledge of system operations and instructional
capabilities
Geo magnetic disturbances induce what type of current? - ANSWER-Large
amounts of low frequency current that can enter the system through grounds and
cause equipment damage, namely to transformers
How does BA include remote BA, jointly owned generation in its ACE? -
ANSWER-Using dynamic schedule and pseudo ties for its ACE, reflecting its
respective share of the unit governor droop response in their Hz Bias.
Pending generation and transmission maintenance outages must be coordinated
between who? - ANSWER-RC with other RC and TO, BA, GO in both real
time and next day reliability analysis
Protection systems on transmission lines and interconnections must be
coordianated with who? - ANSWER-GO, TO and BA, so new relay packages
must be communicated to those bodies
When does each BA have to review its Frequency Bias Settings? - ANSWER-
By January 1st of each year and recalculate for changes
What should a BA do if a factor affecting Frequency Bias is changed? -
ANSWER-Review the Bias Setting and make necessary changes
, Each BA must report its Bias Setting and the method for determining it to which
entity? - ANSWER-NERC Operating Committee
Frequency Bias needs to be as close as practical to or _______ than the BA
Frequency Response. - ANSWER-Bias setting must be equal to or GREATER
than the frequency response
What is a short explanation of EEA 2? - ANSWER-Load Management
Procedure is in effect; eg requesting non-firm load offline
What percentage of a BA or Reserve Sharing Group's most sever single
contingency is reported? - ANSWER-Loss of 80% of the largest single
contingency
If multiple generators are lost, in what time frame will they be considered one
contingency? - ANSWER-They must trip within 1 minute to be considered a
single contingency
What is the main determining factor in system load? - ANSWER-Weather, this
is then used with historical load patterns to calculate the most accurate load
expectation
How many days of training and drills using realistic simulations of system
emergencies must an RC participate in yearly? - ANSWER-32 hours of
training/year
How many days of training and drills using realistic simulations of system
emergencies must a TO or BA participate in yearly? - ANSWER-32 hours of
training/year
What is the most critical factor of a very long transmission power line with
remote generation? - ANSWER-SOLs and IROLs most limiting factor comes
from angle stability limitations as those drive the power flow
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026
What must a BA or TO with insufficient generation or transmission capacity
have the capability and authority to do? - ANSWER-Shed load rather than risk
an uncontrolled failure of the interconnection'
What must a BA or TO do prior to shedding load? - ANSWER-All other
remedial steps must be taken prior
What could be the result of not shedding load? - ANSWER-Uncontrolled failure
or components or cascading outages
A TO must coordinate its load shedding plans, excluding UFLS, with who? -
ANSWER-Other interconnected TO and BA
What factors will be considered in designing an automatic UVLS? - ANSWER-
Voltage level, rate of voltage decay or power flow levels
UVLS can be included in plans to preven t or minimize what? - ANSWER-
uncontrolled separation, loss of generation, or system shutdown
Under what conditions would a BA or TO be required to continue shedding
load? - ANSWER-After separation from the Interconnection, if there is
insufficeient generating capacity to restore frequency after UFLS
,What must be done with shunt caps in arranging automatic load shedding? -
ANSWER-Arrange tripping of the shunt caps to prevent dropping load and
leaving capacitors in service; excess voltage could occur
If all available resources to a BA are in use for meeting load and reserves, what
is the corresponding EEA? - ANSWER-EEA 1
Training staff must be identified and the staff must be competent in what two
things? - ANSWER-Knowledge of system operations and instructional
capabilities
Geo magnetic disturbances induce what type of current? - ANSWER-Large
amounts of low frequency current that can enter the system through grounds and
cause equipment damage, namely to transformers
How does BA include remote BA, jointly owned generation in its ACE? -
ANSWER-Using dynamic schedule and pseudo ties for its ACE, reflecting its
respective share of the unit governor droop response in their Hz Bias.
Pending generation and transmission maintenance outages must be coordinated
between who? - ANSWER-RC with other RC and TO, BA, GO in both real
time and next day reliability analysis
Protection systems on transmission lines and interconnections must be
coordianated with who? - ANSWER-GO, TO and BA, so new relay packages
must be communicated to those bodies
When does each BA have to review its Frequency Bias Settings? - ANSWER-
By January 1st of each year and recalculate for changes
What should a BA do if a factor affecting Frequency Bias is changed? -
ANSWER-Review the Bias Setting and make necessary changes
, Each BA must report its Bias Setting and the method for determining it to which
entity? - ANSWER-NERC Operating Committee
Frequency Bias needs to be as close as practical to or _______ than the BA
Frequency Response. - ANSWER-Bias setting must be equal to or GREATER
than the frequency response
What is a short explanation of EEA 2? - ANSWER-Load Management
Procedure is in effect; eg requesting non-firm load offline
What percentage of a BA or Reserve Sharing Group's most sever single
contingency is reported? - ANSWER-Loss of 80% of the largest single
contingency
If multiple generators are lost, in what time frame will they be considered one
contingency? - ANSWER-They must trip within 1 minute to be considered a
single contingency
What is the main determining factor in system load? - ANSWER-Weather, this
is then used with historical load patterns to calculate the most accurate load
expectation
How many days of training and drills using realistic simulations of system
emergencies must an RC participate in yearly? - ANSWER-32 hours of
training/year
How many days of training and drills using realistic simulations of system
emergencies must a TO or BA participate in yearly? - ANSWER-32 hours of
training/year
What is the most critical factor of a very long transmission power line with
remote generation? - ANSWER-SOLs and IROLs most limiting factor comes
from angle stability limitations as those drive the power flow
