Physical Therapy & Kinesiology 2026 Prep Pack

Biomechanics, Functional Movement & Therapeutic Exercise (100 Questions) 1. What is the definition of "Kinesiology"? A) The study of human movement. B) The study of bone structure. C) The study of cardiovascular disease. D) The study of nutritional supplements. Correct Answer: A) The study of human movement. 2. Which plane divides the body into right and left halves? A) Frontal plane B) Sagittal plane C) Transverse plane D) Coronal plane Correct Answer: B) Sagittal plane. 3. What occurs during the "eccentric" phase of a bicep curl? A) The bicep muscle shortens while generating force. B) The bicep muscle lengthens while controlling the descent of the weight. C) The bicep muscle stays at the same length. D) No force is generated. Correct Answer: B) The bicep muscle lengthens while controlling the descent of the weight. 4. The "Length-Tension Relationship" in muscle states that: A) Muscles are strongest when fully stretched. B) Muscles are strongest when fully shortened. C) Muscles produce maximal force at an optimal length, where actin and myosin overlap efficiently. D) Muscle strength is independent of length. Correct Answer: C) Muscles produce maximal force at an optimal length. 5. What is the primary role of "Synergist" muscles? A) To oppose the primary movement. B) To assist the prime mover (agonist) in performing a movement. C) To stay inactive during exercise. D) To only act as stabilizers. Correct Answer: B) To assist the prime mover (agonist) in performing a movement. 6. Which law describes that bone remodels in response to the stress placed upon it? A) Newton's Third Law B) Wolff's Law C) Ohm's Law D) The Law of Inertia Correct Answer: B) Wolff's Law. 7. "Closed Kinetic Chain" (CKC) exercises are characterized by: A) The distal segment (hand or foot) being fixed to a surface. B) The distal segment being free to move in space. C) No muscle activation. D) Only isometric contractions. Correct Answer: A) The distal segment being fixed to a surface. 8. What is the "Center of Gravity" (COG)? A) The point where the total weight of the body may be considered to be concentrated. B) The point where muscles attach to bone. C) The middle of the spine. D) The weight of the equipment used. Correct Answer: A) The point where the total weight of the body may be considered to be concentrated. 9. "Proprioception" is the body's ability to: A) Perceive its own position and movement in space. B) Produce heat. C) Digest food. D) Filter blood. Correct Answer: A) Perceive its own position and movement in space. 10. "Agonist-Antagonist" co-activation is used to: A) Increase speed. B) Provide joint stability and control movement. C) Prevent muscle growth. D) Eliminate tension. Correct Answer: B) Provide joint stability and control movement. 11. Which muscle group is the primary "extensor" of the knee? A) Hamstrings B) Quadriceps C) Gastroc D) Glutes Correct Answer: B) Quadriceps. 12. The "Rotator Cuff" muscles include: A) Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres Minor, Subscapularis. B) Biceps, Triceps, Deltoid, Pectoralis. C) Trapezius, Rhomboids, Lats. D) Glute Max, Med, Min, Piriformis. Correct Answer: A) Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres Minor, Subscapularis. 13. "Isometric" contraction occurs when: A) Muscle length changes, but tension does not. B) Tension is generated without any change in muscle length. C) Muscle contracts and moves through a full range. D) Muscle relaxes. Correct Answer: B) Tension is generated without any change in muscle length. 14. What is the purpose of a "goniometer"? A) Measuring muscle strength. B) Measuring joint angles and range of motion. C) Measuring heart rate. D) Measuring body fat. Correct Answer: B) Measuring joint angles and range of motion. 15. "Fascicles" are: A) Bundles of muscle fibers. B) Single muscle cells. C) The bone matrix. D) The nervous system. Correct Answer: A) Bundles of muscle fibers. 16. Which of the following is a "multiaxial" joint? A) Hinge joint (elbow) B) Ball-and-socket joint (hip/shoulder) C) Pivot joint (neck) D) Gliding joint Correct Answer: B) Ball-and-socket joint (hip/shoulder). 17. "Kinematics" focuses on: A) The forces that cause movement. B) The description of movement (position, velocity, acceleration) without regard to forces. C) The chemical reactions in muscles. D) The study of bones only. Correct Answer: B) The description of movement without regard to forces. 18. "Kinetics" focuses on: A) The description of movement. B) The forces that cause or change movement. C) The speed of growth. D) The size of bones. Correct Answer: B) The forces that cause or change movement. 19. What is the "SAID" principle (Specific Adaptation to Imposed Demands)? A) The body adapts specifically to the type of stress placed upon it. B) Muscles grow faster if you don't train. C) The body adapts to all stresses identically. D) The body never adapts. Correct Answer: A) The body adapts specifically to the type of stress placed upon it. 20. "Isokinetic" exercise requires: A) A variable speed of movement. B) A constant speed of movement through a range of motion. C) No movement. D) Heavy free weights only. Correct Answer: B) A constant speed of movement. 21. "Base of Support" (BOS) is: A) The area beneath an object or person that includes every point of contact with the supporting surface. B) The strength of the legs. C) The weight of the body. D) The height of the person. Correct Answer: A) The area beneath an object or person that includes every point of contact. 22. "Force-Velocity Relationship" states that: A) Concentric force decreases as velocity increases. B) Concentric force increases as velocity increases. C) Force is unrelated to velocity. D) Velocity is constant. Correct Answer: A) Concentric force decreases as velocity increases. 23. "Stabilizers" are also called: A) Fixators. B) Agonists. C) Antagonists. D) Movers. Correct Answer: A) Fixators. 24. "Gait cycle" consists of: A) Stance and Swing phases. B) Just Stance. C) Just Swing. D) Only Heel Strike. Correct Answer: A) Stance and Swing phases. 25. "Tendon" connects: A) Muscle to bone. B) Bone to bone. C) Nerve to muscle. D) Skin to muscle. Correct Answer: A) Muscle to bone. 26. "Ligament" connects: A) Bone to bone. B) Muscle to bone. C) Nerve to nerve. D) Skin to bone. Correct Answer: A) Bone to bone. 27. "Muscle spindles" detect: A) Change in muscle length. B) Tension in tendons. C) Temperature. D) Pain. Correct Answer: A) Change in muscle length. 28. "Golgi tendon organs" detect: A) Muscle tension/force. B) Muscle length. C) Body position. D) Light. Correct Answer: A) Muscle tension/force. 29. "Plyometrics" improve: A) Explosive power. B) Static strength. C) Flexibility. D) Digestion. Correct Answer: A) Explosive power. 30. "Overtraining" syndrome includes: A) Fatigue and decreased performance. B) Increased muscle growth. C) Better sleep. D) Faster reaction time. Correct Answer: A) Fatigue and decreased performance. 31. "Range of Motion" is: A) Joint flexibility. B) Muscle speed. C) Nerve health. D) Bone density. Correct Answer: A) Joint flexibility. 32. "Concentric" is: A) Shortening. B) Lengthening. C) Static. D) Freezing. Correct Answer: A) Shortening. 33. "Eccentric" is: A) Lengthening. B) Shortening. C) Static. D) Freezing. Correct Answer: A) Lengthening. 34. "Isometric" is: A) No motion. B) Fast motion. C) Slow motion. D) Variable motion. Correct Answer: A) No motion. 35. "Biomechanics" applies: A) Physics to movement. B) Math to diet. C) Chem to bones. D) History to sport. Correct Answer: A) Physics to movement. 36. "Sagittal" plane is: A) Right/Left. B) Front/Back. C) Top/Bottom. D) Diagonal. Correct Answer: A) Right/Left. 37. "Frontal" plane is: A) Front/Back. B) Right/Left. C) Top/Bottom. D) Diagonal. Correct Answer: A) Front/Back. 38. "Transverse" plane is: A) Top/Bottom. B) Right/Left. C) Front/Back. D) Diagonal. Correct Answer: A) Top/Bottom.