Vocabulary 2026 |
Complete Terms,
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, Bivariate analysis Analysis of two variables at a time, as in correlation studies.
Blinded A type of review in which the peer reviewer is unaware of the author's identity, so
personal influence is avoided
Boolean operators The words, AND, OR, and NOT, which are used to join or exclude search terms
Box Plot A graphic presentation that marks the median of the values in the middle of the
box and the 25th and 75th percentiles as the lower and upper edges of the box,
respectively. It indicates the relative position of the data for each group and the
spread of the data for comparison.
Bracketing A method of limiting the effects of researcher bias and setting them aside by
demonstrating awareness of potential suppositions of the researcher.
Calibration The use of procedures to minimize measurement error associated with physical
instruments by objectively verifying that the instrument is measuring a
characteristic accurately
Case-Control Study An intact-group design that involves observation of subjects who exhibit a
characteristic matched with subjects who do not. Differences between the
subjects allow study of relationships between risk and disease without subjecting
healthy individuals to illness
Case research methods The meticulous descriptive exploration of a single unit of study such as a person,
family group, community, or other entity.
Case Study The meticulous descriptive exploration of a single unit of study such as a person,
family group, community, or other entity.
Causal-comparative study An intact-group design that involves categorization of subjects into groups. An
outcome of interest is measured and differences are attributed to the differences
in classification of subjects.
Cited reference search A search that finds articles that are cited by another article.
Closed questions Questions that have a fixed number of alternative responses. Respondents are
forced to select answers or ratings on a scale provided by the researcher.
Codebook A guide for the qualitative analysis that outlines individual codes with definitions,
criteria for inclusion, and examples.
Codes Labels, descriptions, or definitions assigned to data to allow them to be
categorized and analyzed in qualitative research.
Coefficient of variation (CV) A calculation that produces a number that depicts the standard deviation relative
to the mean [CV = 100(SD/ )].
Cohen's kappa A measure of inter-rater or inter-coder reliability between two raters or coders.
The test yields the percentage of agreement and the probability of error.