5/22/26, 7:21 NUR 2474 Pharmacology Ras
AM
NR 565 Advanced Pharmacology Final Exam Review | Chamberlain
NR565 | Antimicrobials, Beta-lactams, Fluoroquinolones, PPIs, H.
Pylori, Antifungals & High-Yield Rationales.
Bacterostatic
kills the bacteria
bacteriocidal
kills the bacteria and stops the growth or spread of the infection
Bacteriostatic drugs
clindamycin
macrolides
sulfonamides
tetracyclines
Bactericidal drugs
ahminoglycosid
es beta-lactums
fluroquinolones
Metronidazole
Streptogramins
vancomycin
anti-microbial resistance
1.) not knowing if the pt had recent use of antibiotics
2.) provider overuse of broad=spectrum antibiotics
3.) not performing susceptibility testing
4.)Age younger than 2 years or older than 65 years
5.) Daycare center attendance
6.) Exposure to young children
7.) Multiple medical co-morbidities
8.) Immunosuppression
subclasses of Beta-lactams PCNS
1/50
,5/22/26, 7:21 NUR 2474 Pharmacology Ras
AM
natural PCNS
aminopenicillin
s
anti-staphylococcal
PCNs extended
Spectrum PCNs
Pharmacodynamics of Beta-lactam PCNs
inhibit biosynthesis of bacterial wall (beta-lactam ring)
1st line therapy for Strep pharyngitis.
penicillin V
1st line therapy for all bites
Amoxicillin/Clavulanate (Augmentin)
Natural PCN's, Drugs
Penicillin V potassium (ledercillin) Penicillin G sodium (PCN G-Na)
Penicillin G procaine (Duracillin)
Penicillin G benzathine
(Permapen) Penicillin G
potassium (Pfizerpen)
Natural PCNs active against
aerobic gram (+) organisms
Aminopenicillins active against
Gram (-) organisms
Aminopenicillins Drugs
Amoxicillin
Ampicillin
Combinations:
Amoxicillin-clavulanate (Augmentin)
2/50
,5/22/26, 7:21 NUR 2474 Pharmacology Ras
AM
1st lines therapy for acute otitis media (AOM) & sinusitis
Amoxicillin
3/50
, 5/22/26, 7:21 NUR 2474 Pharmacology Ras
AM
When aminopenicillins are combined with beta-lactamase inhibitors
their spectrum in broadened
beta-lactamase inhibitors that can be combined with aminopenicillins
clavulanate, sulbactam, & tazobactam
Penicillinase-resistant penicillins drugs
Nafcillin
Oxacillin
Cloxacillin
Dicloxacillin
Methicillin
Penicillinase-resistant penicillins active against
Streptococcus, MSSA, some coagulase-negative staphylococci, peptostreptococcus
Anti-pseudomonal penicillin drugs
piperacillin
ticarcillin
combination:
piperacillin/taxobacta
m
ticarcillin/clavulanate
Anti-pseudomonal penicillins active against
gram (-) organisms
1st generation cephalosporins drugs
Cephradine (Anspor)
Cefazolin (ancef)
Cefadroxil (Duricef)
Cephalexin (keflex)
4/50
AM
NR 565 Advanced Pharmacology Final Exam Review | Chamberlain
NR565 | Antimicrobials, Beta-lactams, Fluoroquinolones, PPIs, H.
Pylori, Antifungals & High-Yield Rationales.
Bacterostatic
kills the bacteria
bacteriocidal
kills the bacteria and stops the growth or spread of the infection
Bacteriostatic drugs
clindamycin
macrolides
sulfonamides
tetracyclines
Bactericidal drugs
ahminoglycosid
es beta-lactums
fluroquinolones
Metronidazole
Streptogramins
vancomycin
anti-microbial resistance
1.) not knowing if the pt had recent use of antibiotics
2.) provider overuse of broad=spectrum antibiotics
3.) not performing susceptibility testing
4.)Age younger than 2 years or older than 65 years
5.) Daycare center attendance
6.) Exposure to young children
7.) Multiple medical co-morbidities
8.) Immunosuppression
subclasses of Beta-lactams PCNS
1/50
,5/22/26, 7:21 NUR 2474 Pharmacology Ras
AM
natural PCNS
aminopenicillin
s
anti-staphylococcal
PCNs extended
Spectrum PCNs
Pharmacodynamics of Beta-lactam PCNs
inhibit biosynthesis of bacterial wall (beta-lactam ring)
1st line therapy for Strep pharyngitis.
penicillin V
1st line therapy for all bites
Amoxicillin/Clavulanate (Augmentin)
Natural PCN's, Drugs
Penicillin V potassium (ledercillin) Penicillin G sodium (PCN G-Na)
Penicillin G procaine (Duracillin)
Penicillin G benzathine
(Permapen) Penicillin G
potassium (Pfizerpen)
Natural PCNs active against
aerobic gram (+) organisms
Aminopenicillins active against
Gram (-) organisms
Aminopenicillins Drugs
Amoxicillin
Ampicillin
Combinations:
Amoxicillin-clavulanate (Augmentin)
2/50
,5/22/26, 7:21 NUR 2474 Pharmacology Ras
AM
1st lines therapy for acute otitis media (AOM) & sinusitis
Amoxicillin
3/50
, 5/22/26, 7:21 NUR 2474 Pharmacology Ras
AM
When aminopenicillins are combined with beta-lactamase inhibitors
their spectrum in broadened
beta-lactamase inhibitors that can be combined with aminopenicillins
clavulanate, sulbactam, & tazobactam
Penicillinase-resistant penicillins drugs
Nafcillin
Oxacillin
Cloxacillin
Dicloxacillin
Methicillin
Penicillinase-resistant penicillins active against
Streptococcus, MSSA, some coagulase-negative staphylococci, peptostreptococcus
Anti-pseudomonal penicillin drugs
piperacillin
ticarcillin
combination:
piperacillin/taxobacta
m
ticarcillin/clavulanate
Anti-pseudomonal penicillins active against
gram (-) organisms
1st generation cephalosporins drugs
Cephradine (Anspor)
Cefazolin (ancef)
Cefadroxil (Duricef)
Cephalexin (keflex)
4/50
