Study Set EXAM / NAMS Menopause Certification
REAL EXAM TESTBANK ALL ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
WELL ELABORATED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) A
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What is the role of hormone therapy in the prevention of
postmenopausal osteoporosis?
Hormone therapy is effective for prevention of bone loss in early
postmenopausal women at risk, but not first-line for osteoporosis
treatment.
Which pharmacologic agent is preferred for women at very high
risk of fracture?
Anabolic agents (e.g., teriparatide, abaloparatide, romosozumab) are
preferred for women at very high fracture risk.
,What are the main contraindications to menopausal hormone therapy?
Active or recent breast cancer, unexplained vaginal bleeding, active
thromboembolic disease, and liver dysfunction are main
contraindications to hormone therapy.
Why is progestogen added to estrogen therapy in women with an
intact uterus?
Progestogen is needed with estrogen therapy in women with a
uterus to prevent endometrial hyperplasia/cancer.
Compare the risks of oral versus transdermal estrogen therapy.
Transdermal estrogen has a lower risk of venous thromboembolism
and stroke compared to oral estrogen.
What is the recommended duration of systemic hormone therapy for
vasomotor symptoms?
The shortest duration necessary to control symptoms, typically
reassessed annually; often 3-5 years for systemic therapy.
,Describe the difference between continuous and sequential
hormone therapy regimens.
Continuous regimens provide daily estrogen and progestogen;
sequential regimens provide estrogen daily and progestogen for
10-14 days/month.
List two common side effects of systemic hormone therapy.
Breast tenderness and vaginal bleeding are common side effects of
systemic hormone therapy.
Name two types of selective estrogen receptor modulators
(SERMs) used in menopause management.
Raloxifene and bazedoxifene are SERMs used in menopause
management.
What are the risks associated with compounded or non-approved
hormone therapy preparations?
Compounded or non-approved hormone therapies carry risks of
inconsistent dosing, lack of efficacy, and increased adverse effects.
Which local therapy is recommended for genitourinary syndrome
of menopause?
Vaginal estrogen is recommended for genitourinary syndrome of
menopause (GSM).
, Name two nonhormonal prescription options for vasomotor
symptom management.
SSRIs (e.g., paroxetine) and SNRIs (e.g., venlafaxine) are
nonhormonal prescription options for vasomotor symptoms.
What is the evidence for the efficacy of over-the-counter herbal
supplements in menopause symptom relief?
There is insufficient evidence for efficacy of most herbal supplements
(e.g., black cohosh, soy) in menopause symptom relief.
What is the role of vaginal moisturizers and lubricants in managing
genitourinary syndrome of menopause?
Vaginal moisturizers and lubricants are first-line for mild GSM
symptoms and safe for long-term use.
List two non-pharmacological interventions for vasomotor symptoms.
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and structured exercise
are non-pharmacological interventions for vasomotor
symptoms.
What is the role of pelvic floor physical therapy in genitourinary
syndrome of menopause?
Pelvic floor physical therapy improves GSM symptoms and sexual
function.