Objective 26.3d.8 Name the three major regions of the large intestine and four
segments of the colon of the large intestine
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1. Cecum
2. Colon: Ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid
3. Rectum (Retroperitoneal)
4. Anal canal- anal columns: longitudinal ridges
A. Internal anal sphincter (Involuntary SMOOTH MM)
B. External anal sphincter (voluntary SKELETAL MM)
Objective 26.1c.4 List and describe the four tunics (layers) that make up the GI wall
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, 1. Mucosa (inner lining)
A. epithelium: simple columnar epi for secretion and absorption and lined
with nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
B. lamina propria: areolar tissue containing blood vessels and nerves
C. Muscularis Mucosae: smooth muscle, contractions that facilitate release
of secretions into lumen and increase contact of materials in lumen with the
mucosa
2. Submucosa
-Consist of areolar and dense irregular CT, blood vessels, lymph vessels,
and nerves, MALT
- Peyer Patches in small intestine
3. Muscularis (Perastalsis)
A. Inner Circular layer- contraction constricting the lumen tube
B. Outer longitudinal layer- cells are oriented lengthwise, contraction
shorting the tube
C. Myenteric Nerve plexus- axons and ganglia between layers, sphincters
4. Adventitia or Serous (Outermost layer)
-Adventitia: areolar CT, found outside peritoneal cavity
-Serous: areolar CT, completely covered by visceral peritoneum, found
within the peritoneal cavity
*Hepatic Portal System- main blood system for intestines
Objective 27.4.1 Describe MyPlate, which was developed by the USDA to help people
eat healthy
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, -USDA recommendation
-4 sections of plate: fruits, vegetables, grains protein
Dairy on side
Objective 27.2b.3 Describe the sources and functions of cholesterol
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-precursor for steroid hormones, bile salts, vitamin D
- 85% from liver, rest from diet
-required for plasma membrane
Objective 27.1.1 Define both nutrition and nutrients
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1. Nutrition: study of how living organisms obtain and utilize nutrients
needed to grow and live
2. Nutrients: biomolecules, vitamins, minerals, and water, required for
synthesis of new molecules, required for energy for maintenance, growth,
and repair
Objective 26.2a.1 Describe the components of the upper GI tract
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segments of the colon of the large intestine
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1. Cecum
2. Colon: Ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid
3. Rectum (Retroperitoneal)
4. Anal canal- anal columns: longitudinal ridges
A. Internal anal sphincter (Involuntary SMOOTH MM)
B. External anal sphincter (voluntary SKELETAL MM)
Objective 26.1c.4 List and describe the four tunics (layers) that make up the GI wall
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, 1. Mucosa (inner lining)
A. epithelium: simple columnar epi for secretion and absorption and lined
with nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
B. lamina propria: areolar tissue containing blood vessels and nerves
C. Muscularis Mucosae: smooth muscle, contractions that facilitate release
of secretions into lumen and increase contact of materials in lumen with the
mucosa
2. Submucosa
-Consist of areolar and dense irregular CT, blood vessels, lymph vessels,
and nerves, MALT
- Peyer Patches in small intestine
3. Muscularis (Perastalsis)
A. Inner Circular layer- contraction constricting the lumen tube
B. Outer longitudinal layer- cells are oriented lengthwise, contraction
shorting the tube
C. Myenteric Nerve plexus- axons and ganglia between layers, sphincters
4. Adventitia or Serous (Outermost layer)
-Adventitia: areolar CT, found outside peritoneal cavity
-Serous: areolar CT, completely covered by visceral peritoneum, found
within the peritoneal cavity
*Hepatic Portal System- main blood system for intestines
Objective 27.4.1 Describe MyPlate, which was developed by the USDA to help people
eat healthy
Give this one a try later!
, -USDA recommendation
-4 sections of plate: fruits, vegetables, grains protein
Dairy on side
Objective 27.2b.3 Describe the sources and functions of cholesterol
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-precursor for steroid hormones, bile salts, vitamin D
- 85% from liver, rest from diet
-required for plasma membrane
Objective 27.1.1 Define both nutrition and nutrients
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1. Nutrition: study of how living organisms obtain and utilize nutrients
needed to grow and live
2. Nutrients: biomolecules, vitamins, minerals, and water, required for
synthesis of new molecules, required for energy for maintenance, growth,
and repair
Objective 26.2a.1 Describe the components of the upper GI tract
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