FLS ACTUAL TEST PAPER 2026 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED
A+
▶ Beta1 BlockeRs (-olol). Answer: always check apical heart rate
▶ ACE Inhibitors → o p r i l. Answer: No NSAIDS
No salt substitute or K+ supplements
▶ nitroglycerin. Answer: Normal adverse effect = patient has a headache
Take 1 tablet, call 911 if not relieved, then take 2 more till ambulance
comes; don't exceed 3
▶ diagnosing acute MI. Answer: unrelieved with nitro
Serum troponin I (< 0.1 mcg/L)
▶ MI priorities. Answer: VS including O2 saturation
12 lead ECG (quickly!)
IV access (large bore in a large vein) - 2 IVs if possible
Blood sample for labs: CBC, cardiac enzymes and coagulation studies
▶ acute mi treatment. Answer: MONA
▶ Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). Answer: Goal
- Increase blood flow to myocardium
Balloon catheter is inflated inside the artery
Coronary stent may be placed to keep artery open
▶ meds post- stemi. Answer: Aspirin
Clopidogrel
▶ indications for CABG. Answer: Unstable angina
AMI
Failure of PCI
▶ CABG (Coronary Artery Bypass Graft). Answer: Pre-op teaching
,Pt can watch educational movie
Signed consent
Answer questions
Post-op teaching
Monitor rhythm + hemodynamics
Risk of bleeding
Risk of hypervolemia
Monitor chest tube + mediastinal tube
Body temp (they got cold in sx)
Pain Management
Need to cough + deep breathe
Splinting
Neurological
▶ Pacemaker Issues. Answer: Failure to pace: pacer spikes are NOT
there
Biggest cause = low battery
Failure to sense: the pacemaker isn't sensing the pt's HR
Can cause ventricular dysrhythmias (mainly V-tach)
Treat: change pacemaker's sensitivity setting
Failure to capture: not causing contractions
▶ teaching for ICD. Answer: Keep incision dry for 4 days after insertion or
as instructed
Report any s/s of infection at incision site or fever immediately
It is usually safe to resume sexual activity once incision is healed
Avoid
Avoid antitheft devices, MRIs, metal detectors, + hand-held screening
wands
Lifting arm on ICD side above shoulder until approved
Avoid driving until cleared by your cardiologist
▶ v-tach QRS complex. Answer: very wide!
▶ a-fib. Answer: no p waves, can't count atrial rate, r waves irregular
▶ a-flutter. Answer: sawtooth appearance of f waves, no p waves, can't
count atrial rate, r waves regular
▶myocardial infarction immediate treatment. Answer: MONA
, -morphine
-oxygen
-nitroglycerin
-asa or plavix
▶ myocardial infarction treatment after MONA. Answer: angioplasty or
CABG
▶ pain unrelieved by nitroglycerin. Answer: myocardial infarction
▶ angina. Answer: chest pain
▶ stable angina. Answer: -chest pain that occurs when a person is active
or under severe stress
-T wave inversion on ECG
-treatment: rest and nitroglycerin
▶ troponin levels. Answer: < 0.1 mcg/Ml (as little as 1 hour after occlusion)
▶ PT/INR levels. Answer: no on warfarin = less or equal to 1.1
on warfarin = 2.0-3.0
▶ PTT levels. Answer: not on heparin = 30-40
on heparin = 60-100
▶ CPK - MB levels. Answer: 5-25 IU/L
▶ what lab is the main indicator for damage to the heart. Answer: troponin
1
▶ Hematocrit levels. Answer: men: 42%-52%
women: 37%48%
▶ Hemoglobin levels. Answer: Men = 13.5 - 17.5 g/dL
Women = 12 - 15.5 g/dL
▶ Platelet levels. Answer: 150,000 - 450,000 per mcL
▶ what can the total CK lab tell you about. Answer: muscle damage
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED
A+
▶ Beta1 BlockeRs (-olol). Answer: always check apical heart rate
▶ ACE Inhibitors → o p r i l. Answer: No NSAIDS
No salt substitute or K+ supplements
▶ nitroglycerin. Answer: Normal adverse effect = patient has a headache
Take 1 tablet, call 911 if not relieved, then take 2 more till ambulance
comes; don't exceed 3
▶ diagnosing acute MI. Answer: unrelieved with nitro
Serum troponin I (< 0.1 mcg/L)
▶ MI priorities. Answer: VS including O2 saturation
12 lead ECG (quickly!)
IV access (large bore in a large vein) - 2 IVs if possible
Blood sample for labs: CBC, cardiac enzymes and coagulation studies
▶ acute mi treatment. Answer: MONA
▶ Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). Answer: Goal
- Increase blood flow to myocardium
Balloon catheter is inflated inside the artery
Coronary stent may be placed to keep artery open
▶ meds post- stemi. Answer: Aspirin
Clopidogrel
▶ indications for CABG. Answer: Unstable angina
AMI
Failure of PCI
▶ CABG (Coronary Artery Bypass Graft). Answer: Pre-op teaching
,Pt can watch educational movie
Signed consent
Answer questions
Post-op teaching
Monitor rhythm + hemodynamics
Risk of bleeding
Risk of hypervolemia
Monitor chest tube + mediastinal tube
Body temp (they got cold in sx)
Pain Management
Need to cough + deep breathe
Splinting
Neurological
▶ Pacemaker Issues. Answer: Failure to pace: pacer spikes are NOT
there
Biggest cause = low battery
Failure to sense: the pacemaker isn't sensing the pt's HR
Can cause ventricular dysrhythmias (mainly V-tach)
Treat: change pacemaker's sensitivity setting
Failure to capture: not causing contractions
▶ teaching for ICD. Answer: Keep incision dry for 4 days after insertion or
as instructed
Report any s/s of infection at incision site or fever immediately
It is usually safe to resume sexual activity once incision is healed
Avoid
Avoid antitheft devices, MRIs, metal detectors, + hand-held screening
wands
Lifting arm on ICD side above shoulder until approved
Avoid driving until cleared by your cardiologist
▶ v-tach QRS complex. Answer: very wide!
▶ a-fib. Answer: no p waves, can't count atrial rate, r waves irregular
▶ a-flutter. Answer: sawtooth appearance of f waves, no p waves, can't
count atrial rate, r waves regular
▶myocardial infarction immediate treatment. Answer: MONA
, -morphine
-oxygen
-nitroglycerin
-asa or plavix
▶ myocardial infarction treatment after MONA. Answer: angioplasty or
CABG
▶ pain unrelieved by nitroglycerin. Answer: myocardial infarction
▶ angina. Answer: chest pain
▶ stable angina. Answer: -chest pain that occurs when a person is active
or under severe stress
-T wave inversion on ECG
-treatment: rest and nitroglycerin
▶ troponin levels. Answer: < 0.1 mcg/Ml (as little as 1 hour after occlusion)
▶ PT/INR levels. Answer: no on warfarin = less or equal to 1.1
on warfarin = 2.0-3.0
▶ PTT levels. Answer: not on heparin = 30-40
on heparin = 60-100
▶ CPK - MB levels. Answer: 5-25 IU/L
▶ what lab is the main indicator for damage to the heart. Answer: troponin
1
▶ Hematocrit levels. Answer: men: 42%-52%
women: 37%48%
▶ Hemoglobin levels. Answer: Men = 13.5 - 17.5 g/dL
Women = 12 - 15.5 g/dL
▶ Platelet levels. Answer: 150,000 - 450,000 per mcL
▶ what can the total CK lab tell you about. Answer: muscle damage
