Test Bank - Applied Pathophysiology for the Advanced Practice Nurse 2nd Edition (Dlugasch, 2025)
TEST BANK
Applied Pathophysiology
for the Advanced Practice Nurse
Lucie Dlugasch, Lachel Story
2nd Edition
, Test Bank - Applied Pathophysiology for the Advanced Practice Nurse 2nd Edition (Dlugasch, 2025)
Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1 Cellular Function
CHAPTER 2 Immunity
CHAPTER 3 Hematopoietic Function
CHAPTER 4 Cardiovascular Function
CHAPTER 5 Pulmonary Function
CHAPTER 6 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid–Base Homeostasis
CHAPTER 7 Urinary Function
CHAPTER 8 Reproductive Function
CHAPTER 9 Gastrointestinal Function
CHAPTER 10 Endocrine Function
CHAPTER 11 Neural Function
CHAPTER 12 Musculoskeletal Function
CHAPTER 13 Integumentary Function
CHAPTER 14 Sensory Function
, Test Bank - Applied Pathophysiology for the Advanced Practice Nurse 2nd Edition (Dlugasch, 2025)
Chapter 1 Cellular Function
Test Bank: Applied Pathophysiology for the Advanced Practice Nurse 2nd Edition
Dlugasch Story
1. The nucleus , which is essential for function and survival of the
cell.
A) is the site of protein synthesis
B) contains the genetic code
C) transforms cellular energy
D) initiates aerobic metabolism
2. Although energy is not made in mitochondria, they are known as the power
plants of the cell because they:
A) contain RNA for protein synthesis.
B) utilize glycolysis for oxidative energy.
C) extract energy from organic compounds.
D) store calcium bonds for muscle contractions.
3. Although the basic structure of the cell plasma membrane is formed by a
lipid bilayer, most of the specific membrane functions are carried out by:
A) bound and transmembrane proteins.
B) complex, long carbohydrate chains.
C) surface antigens and hormone receptors.
D) a gating system of selective ion channels.
4. To effectively relay signals, cell-to-cell communication utilizes chemical
messenger systems that:
A) displace surface receptor proteins.
,Test Bank - Applied Pathophysiology for the Advanced Practice Nurse 2nd Edition (Dlugasch, 2025)
B) accumulate within cell gap junctions.
C) bind to contractile microfilaments.
D) release secretions into extracellular fluid.
5. Aerobic metabolism, also known as oxidative metabolism, provides energy
by:
A) removing the phosphate bonds from ATP.
B) combining hydrogen and oxygen to form water.
C) activating pyruvate stored in the cytoplasm.
D) breaking down glucose to form lactic acid.
6. Exocytosis, the reverse of endocytosis, is important in into the
extracellular fluid.
A) Engulfing and ingesting fluid and proteins for transport
B) Killing, degrading, and dissolving harmful microorganisms
C) Removing cellular debris and releasing synthesized substances
D) Destruction of particles by lysosomal enzymes for secretion
7. The process responsible for generating and conducting membrane potentials
is:
A) diffusion of current-carrying ions.
B) millivoltage of electrical potential.
C) polarization of charged particles.
D) ion channel neurotransmission.
8. Epithelial tissues are classified according to the shape of the cells and the
number of layers. Which of the following is a correctly matched description
and type of epithelial tissue?
A) Simple epithelium: cells in contact with intercellular matrix; some do not
extend to surface
,Test Bank - Applied Pathophysiology for the Advanced Practice Nurse 2nd Edition (Dlugasch, 2025)
B) Stratified epithelium: single layer of cells; all cells rest on basement
membrane
C) Glandular epithelium: arise from surface epithelia and underlying
connective tissue
D) Pseudostratified epithelium: multiple layers of cells; deepest layer rests on
basement membrane
9. Connective tissue contains fibroblasts that are responsible for:
A) providing a fibrous framework for capillaries.
B) synthesis of collagen, elastin, and reticular fibers.
C) forming tendons and the fascia that covers muscles.
D) filling spaces between tissues to keep organs in place.
10 Although all muscle tissue cells have some similarities, smooth muscle (also
. known as involuntary muscle) differs by:
A) having dense bodies attached to actin filaments.
B) containing sarcomeres between Z lines and M bands.
C) having rapid contractions and abundant cross-striations.
D) contracting in response to increased intracellular calcium.
11 Which of the following aspects of the function of the nucleus is performed
. by ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?
A) Copying and carrying DNA instructions for protein synthesis
B) Carrying amino acids to the site of protein synthesis
C) Providing the site where protein synthesis occurs
D) Regulating and controlling protein synthesis
12 Breakdown and removal of foreign substances and worn-out cell parts are
. performed by which of the following organelles?
A) Lysosomes
,Test Bank - Applied Pathophysiology for the Advanced Practice Nurse 2nd Edition (Dlugasch, 2025)
B) Golgi apparatus
C) Ribosomes
D) Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
13 Impairment in the function of peroxisomes would result in:
.
A) inadequate sites for protein synthesis.
B) an inability to transport cellular products across the cell membrane.
C) insufficient energy production within a cell.
D) accumulation of free radicals in the cytoplasm.
14 After several months of trying to conceive, a couple is undergoing fertility
. testing. Semen analysis indicates that the mans sperm have decreased
motility, a finding that is thought to underlie the couples inability to become
pregnant. Which of the following cellular components may be defective
within the mans sperm?
A) Ribosomes
B) Microtubules
C) Mitochondria
D) Microfilaments
15 Which of the following statements is true of glycolysis?
.
A) Glycolysis requires oxygen.
B) Glycolysis occurs in cells without mitochondria.
C) Glycolysis provides the majority of the bodys energy needs.
D) Glycolysis produces energy, water, and carbon dioxide.
16 Which of the following membrane transport mechanisms requires the
. greatest amount of energy?
A) Facilitated diffusion
, Test Bank - Applied Pathophysiology for the Advanced Practice Nurse 2nd Edition (Dlugasch, 2025)
B) Passive transport
C) Vesicular transport
D) Simple diffusion
17 A zmale zpatient zwith za zdiagnosis zof ztype z1 zdiabetes zmellitus zis
zexperiencing
. hyperglycemia z because zhe zlacks zsufficient zinsulin zto zincrease z the
z availabilityof
z z glucose z transporters z in zhis zcell z membranes.
z Consequently, z his zcells z lack zintracellular z glucose zand zit zaccumulates
z in zhis zblood. z Which z of zthe z followingprocesses
z zwould zbest zallow
zglucose zto zcross zhis zcell zmembranes?
A) Facilitated zdiffusion
B) Simple zdiffusion
C) Secondary zactive ztransport
D) Endocytosis
18 Which zof zthe zfollowing zstatements zis ztrue zof zskeletal zmuscle zcells?
.
A) Skeletal zmuscle zcells zeach zhave zan zapical, zlateral, zand zbasal zsurface.
B) They zare zclosely zapposed zand zare zjoined zby zcell-to-cell
zadhesionmolecules.
z
C) Their zbasal zsurface zis zattached zto za zbasement zmembrane.
D) Skeletal zmuscle zis zmultinucleated, z lacking ztrue zcell zboundaries.
19 Which zof zthe z following z body ztissues zexhibits zthe zhighest z rate zof zturnover
zand
. renewal?
A) The zsquamous zepithelial zcells zof zthe zskin
B) The zconnective ztissue z supporting zblood zvessels
C) The zskeletal zmuscle zthat zfacilitates zmovement
D) The znervous ztissue z that zconstitutes zthe zcentral znervous zsystem
20 A zpatient z with za z pathophysiologic z condition z that zaffects zthe zdesmosomes
zis
. most zlikely zto zexhibit:
TEST BANK
Applied Pathophysiology
for the Advanced Practice Nurse
Lucie Dlugasch, Lachel Story
2nd Edition
, Test Bank - Applied Pathophysiology for the Advanced Practice Nurse 2nd Edition (Dlugasch, 2025)
Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1 Cellular Function
CHAPTER 2 Immunity
CHAPTER 3 Hematopoietic Function
CHAPTER 4 Cardiovascular Function
CHAPTER 5 Pulmonary Function
CHAPTER 6 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid–Base Homeostasis
CHAPTER 7 Urinary Function
CHAPTER 8 Reproductive Function
CHAPTER 9 Gastrointestinal Function
CHAPTER 10 Endocrine Function
CHAPTER 11 Neural Function
CHAPTER 12 Musculoskeletal Function
CHAPTER 13 Integumentary Function
CHAPTER 14 Sensory Function
, Test Bank - Applied Pathophysiology for the Advanced Practice Nurse 2nd Edition (Dlugasch, 2025)
Chapter 1 Cellular Function
Test Bank: Applied Pathophysiology for the Advanced Practice Nurse 2nd Edition
Dlugasch Story
1. The nucleus , which is essential for function and survival of the
cell.
A) is the site of protein synthesis
B) contains the genetic code
C) transforms cellular energy
D) initiates aerobic metabolism
2. Although energy is not made in mitochondria, they are known as the power
plants of the cell because they:
A) contain RNA for protein synthesis.
B) utilize glycolysis for oxidative energy.
C) extract energy from organic compounds.
D) store calcium bonds for muscle contractions.
3. Although the basic structure of the cell plasma membrane is formed by a
lipid bilayer, most of the specific membrane functions are carried out by:
A) bound and transmembrane proteins.
B) complex, long carbohydrate chains.
C) surface antigens and hormone receptors.
D) a gating system of selective ion channels.
4. To effectively relay signals, cell-to-cell communication utilizes chemical
messenger systems that:
A) displace surface receptor proteins.
,Test Bank - Applied Pathophysiology for the Advanced Practice Nurse 2nd Edition (Dlugasch, 2025)
B) accumulate within cell gap junctions.
C) bind to contractile microfilaments.
D) release secretions into extracellular fluid.
5. Aerobic metabolism, also known as oxidative metabolism, provides energy
by:
A) removing the phosphate bonds from ATP.
B) combining hydrogen and oxygen to form water.
C) activating pyruvate stored in the cytoplasm.
D) breaking down glucose to form lactic acid.
6. Exocytosis, the reverse of endocytosis, is important in into the
extracellular fluid.
A) Engulfing and ingesting fluid and proteins for transport
B) Killing, degrading, and dissolving harmful microorganisms
C) Removing cellular debris and releasing synthesized substances
D) Destruction of particles by lysosomal enzymes for secretion
7. The process responsible for generating and conducting membrane potentials
is:
A) diffusion of current-carrying ions.
B) millivoltage of electrical potential.
C) polarization of charged particles.
D) ion channel neurotransmission.
8. Epithelial tissues are classified according to the shape of the cells and the
number of layers. Which of the following is a correctly matched description
and type of epithelial tissue?
A) Simple epithelium: cells in contact with intercellular matrix; some do not
extend to surface
,Test Bank - Applied Pathophysiology for the Advanced Practice Nurse 2nd Edition (Dlugasch, 2025)
B) Stratified epithelium: single layer of cells; all cells rest on basement
membrane
C) Glandular epithelium: arise from surface epithelia and underlying
connective tissue
D) Pseudostratified epithelium: multiple layers of cells; deepest layer rests on
basement membrane
9. Connective tissue contains fibroblasts that are responsible for:
A) providing a fibrous framework for capillaries.
B) synthesis of collagen, elastin, and reticular fibers.
C) forming tendons and the fascia that covers muscles.
D) filling spaces between tissues to keep organs in place.
10 Although all muscle tissue cells have some similarities, smooth muscle (also
. known as involuntary muscle) differs by:
A) having dense bodies attached to actin filaments.
B) containing sarcomeres between Z lines and M bands.
C) having rapid contractions and abundant cross-striations.
D) contracting in response to increased intracellular calcium.
11 Which of the following aspects of the function of the nucleus is performed
. by ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?
A) Copying and carrying DNA instructions for protein synthesis
B) Carrying amino acids to the site of protein synthesis
C) Providing the site where protein synthesis occurs
D) Regulating and controlling protein synthesis
12 Breakdown and removal of foreign substances and worn-out cell parts are
. performed by which of the following organelles?
A) Lysosomes
,Test Bank - Applied Pathophysiology for the Advanced Practice Nurse 2nd Edition (Dlugasch, 2025)
B) Golgi apparatus
C) Ribosomes
D) Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
13 Impairment in the function of peroxisomes would result in:
.
A) inadequate sites for protein synthesis.
B) an inability to transport cellular products across the cell membrane.
C) insufficient energy production within a cell.
D) accumulation of free radicals in the cytoplasm.
14 After several months of trying to conceive, a couple is undergoing fertility
. testing. Semen analysis indicates that the mans sperm have decreased
motility, a finding that is thought to underlie the couples inability to become
pregnant. Which of the following cellular components may be defective
within the mans sperm?
A) Ribosomes
B) Microtubules
C) Mitochondria
D) Microfilaments
15 Which of the following statements is true of glycolysis?
.
A) Glycolysis requires oxygen.
B) Glycolysis occurs in cells without mitochondria.
C) Glycolysis provides the majority of the bodys energy needs.
D) Glycolysis produces energy, water, and carbon dioxide.
16 Which of the following membrane transport mechanisms requires the
. greatest amount of energy?
A) Facilitated diffusion
, Test Bank - Applied Pathophysiology for the Advanced Practice Nurse 2nd Edition (Dlugasch, 2025)
B) Passive transport
C) Vesicular transport
D) Simple diffusion
17 A zmale zpatient zwith za zdiagnosis zof ztype z1 zdiabetes zmellitus zis
zexperiencing
. hyperglycemia z because zhe zlacks zsufficient zinsulin zto zincrease z the
z availabilityof
z z glucose z transporters z in zhis zcell z membranes.
z Consequently, z his zcells z lack zintracellular z glucose zand zit zaccumulates
z in zhis zblood. z Which z of zthe z followingprocesses
z zwould zbest zallow
zglucose zto zcross zhis zcell zmembranes?
A) Facilitated zdiffusion
B) Simple zdiffusion
C) Secondary zactive ztransport
D) Endocytosis
18 Which zof zthe zfollowing zstatements zis ztrue zof zskeletal zmuscle zcells?
.
A) Skeletal zmuscle zcells zeach zhave zan zapical, zlateral, zand zbasal zsurface.
B) They zare zclosely zapposed zand zare zjoined zby zcell-to-cell
zadhesionmolecules.
z
C) Their zbasal zsurface zis zattached zto za zbasement zmembrane.
D) Skeletal zmuscle zis zmultinucleated, z lacking ztrue zcell zboundaries.
19 Which zof zthe z following z body ztissues zexhibits zthe zhighest z rate zof zturnover
zand
. renewal?
A) The zsquamous zepithelial zcells zof zthe zskin
B) The zconnective ztissue z supporting zblood zvessels
C) The zskeletal zmuscle zthat zfacilitates zmovement
D) The znervous ztissue z that zconstitutes zthe zcentral znervous zsystem
20 A zpatient z with za z pathophysiologic z condition z that zaffects zthe zdesmosomes
zis
. most zlikely zto zexhibit:
