PSY 333 Exam 2 Study Guide: Abnormal Psychology Disorders and Treatment
Review
What 2 ways can concepts be grouped together? - correct answer ✔✔Features or functionality.
Know that pigeons can categorize many different concepts such as people, Monet vs Picasso,
etc. - correct answer ✔✔Thousands of photos were presented to prevent memorization.
Succeeded even when presented with a novel photo.
How do researchers make sure that animals are not just memorizing what will get them
rewarded? - correct answer ✔✔Adding novel photos in a category.
Giving them a category of unrelated stimuli and testing to see if they are memorizing what will
get them rewarded (in which case they will succeed) or if they are actually trying to form a
concept (in which case they will fail).
In what way were monkeys found to form perceptual concepts? - correct answer ✔✔Monkeys
were able to discriminate between person and nonperson photos.
In what way were blue jays found to form perceptual concepts? - correct answer ✔✔Blue jays
were able to discriminate between cryptic moths and leaves damaged by caterpillars.
Cebus Apella Monkeys (D'Amato & Van Sant) - correct answer ✔✔The monkeys have to
discriminate between photos of people vs photos without people.
They were successful even when shown novel slides.
They took the study a step further and looked at the mistakes the monkeys had made.
, They found that the monkeys had generalized based on particular features.
For example: They classified a picture of a jackal carrying a flamingo as a person.
3 of the training slides containing people depicted them wearing red clothing, whereas none of
the non-people slides had red in them.
They DID NOT learn the abstract concept.
Concept Learning: Humans vs Nonhumans - correct answer ✔✔In humans, categorization takes
a long time to develop.
- Children are continuously exposed to a limitless set of perceptual encounters.
- These encounters involve 3 dimensional images.
Future experimentation on animals should contain more of the real-world experience of
learning about concepts.
Classification amongst more than one dimension (Bhatt et al.) - correct answer ✔✔Pigeons
were presented with 4 different colored buttons that corresponded to different categories (cars,
chairs, flowers, and people).
They were shown an image and were rewarded for pressing the button that corresponded with
the category that the image fit into.
They were also successful when presented with novel images (but not as successful).
Moving Images (Japanese Quail) - correct answer ✔✔(Japanese quail can process moving
images as if they are real world phenomena.)
Review
What 2 ways can concepts be grouped together? - correct answer ✔✔Features or functionality.
Know that pigeons can categorize many different concepts such as people, Monet vs Picasso,
etc. - correct answer ✔✔Thousands of photos were presented to prevent memorization.
Succeeded even when presented with a novel photo.
How do researchers make sure that animals are not just memorizing what will get them
rewarded? - correct answer ✔✔Adding novel photos in a category.
Giving them a category of unrelated stimuli and testing to see if they are memorizing what will
get them rewarded (in which case they will succeed) or if they are actually trying to form a
concept (in which case they will fail).
In what way were monkeys found to form perceptual concepts? - correct answer ✔✔Monkeys
were able to discriminate between person and nonperson photos.
In what way were blue jays found to form perceptual concepts? - correct answer ✔✔Blue jays
were able to discriminate between cryptic moths and leaves damaged by caterpillars.
Cebus Apella Monkeys (D'Amato & Van Sant) - correct answer ✔✔The monkeys have to
discriminate between photos of people vs photos without people.
They were successful even when shown novel slides.
They took the study a step further and looked at the mistakes the monkeys had made.
, They found that the monkeys had generalized based on particular features.
For example: They classified a picture of a jackal carrying a flamingo as a person.
3 of the training slides containing people depicted them wearing red clothing, whereas none of
the non-people slides had red in them.
They DID NOT learn the abstract concept.
Concept Learning: Humans vs Nonhumans - correct answer ✔✔In humans, categorization takes
a long time to develop.
- Children are continuously exposed to a limitless set of perceptual encounters.
- These encounters involve 3 dimensional images.
Future experimentation on animals should contain more of the real-world experience of
learning about concepts.
Classification amongst more than one dimension (Bhatt et al.) - correct answer ✔✔Pigeons
were presented with 4 different colored buttons that corresponded to different categories (cars,
chairs, flowers, and people).
They were shown an image and were rewarded for pressing the button that corresponded with
the category that the image fit into.
They were also successful when presented with novel images (but not as successful).
Moving Images (Japanese Quail) - correct answer ✔✔(Japanese quail can process moving
images as if they are real world phenomena.)
