Exam (elaborations) CARE OF TH C475

1. Explain how the aging of Baby Boomers has impacted the healthcare system in the United States. Baby boomers will exceed the number of children in the world they will deplete Medicare funding, it will no longer exist. 2. Describe Miller’s Functional Consequences Theory of Aging. Miller asserted that aging adults experience environmental and biopsychosocial consequences that impact their functioning. The nurse’s role is to assess age-related changes and accompanying risk factors, and to design interventions that minimize age-associated disability. The goal is to maximize functioning in ways that improve patient safety and quality of life 3. List 4 health disparities seen among the African-American population in the US. Higher rates of DM, CA, HTN, CRD. 4. Describe effective communication techniques for patients who have cognitive impairment. Use person-first language Use slower speaking rate and pause between phrases Include the patient Provide additional time for the person to respond Simplify vocabulary and avoid jargon Summarize Write out information Eliminate or minimize background noise Limit the number of speakers in the room Say the person’s name Encourage use of clues for word-finding difficulty Use touch to communicate or to gain attention Request clarification Use relational connections and be calm and nonreactive, partner with the patient Speaking slowly, pause, simple vocabulary, nonverbal communication, give the patient time to respond. 5. Which teaching preferences are desired by most older adults? Methods that are easy to access, require small investments of time and money to get started, and allow learning to begin immediately Methods that are direct, hands-on experiences—putting hands on something, playing with it, listening to it, watching it, and thinking about it Newspapers, magazines, books, and journals are the most frequently used tools for gathering information (nontechnology driven). Methods that enable them to keep up with what’s going on in the world, for their own spiritual or personal growth and/or for the simple joy of learning something new Subjects that will improve the quality of their lives, build on a current skill, or enable them to take better care of their health Ability to use what they have learned right away or soon They become apt to learning when they are faced with a need to learn. Older adults are just like any other adults in that they have situational and personal attributes for learning that vary in many ways to include specific barriers to learning 6. Write two questions you could ask a patient to screen for spiritual needs. Do you see yourself as a spiritual person? Are there any spiritual needs that I can help provide for you? ...................................CONTINUED..................................