NR 449 Capstone Course Final Exam 2026/2027
COMPLETE ACCURATE TEST EXAM ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED SOLUTIONS)
|ALREADY GRADED A+||NEWEST VERSION |BEST
DOCUMENT FOR EXAM
1. A nurse is caring for a client receiving furosemide. Which finding
requires immediate intervention?
a. Serum potassium 2.9 mEq/L
b. Blood pressure 118/76 mmHg
c. Urine output 40 mL/hr
d. Weight loss of 0.5 kg/day
Correct Answer: A
Expert Rationale:
Hypokalemia (K+ 2.9 mEq/L) is a life-threatening complication of loop
diuretics and can cause dysrhythmias. Other findings are expected or
within normal limits.
NCLEX focus: Electrolyte imbalance
DIF: Knowledge
REF: Diuretics
OBJ: Identify complications of loop diuretics
TOP: Pharmacology
,2. A nurse is teaching a client with heart failure about sodium
restriction. Which food indicates understanding?
a. Canned soup
b. Fresh grilled chicken
c. Processed deli meat
d. Pickled vegetables
Correct Answer: B
Expert Rationale:
Fresh foods are low in sodium. Processed and canned foods contain
high sodium, worsening fluid retention.
NCLEX focus: Diet teaching
DIF: Comprehension
REF: Heart failure diet
OBJ: Identify low-sodium foods
TOP: Nutrition
3. A client with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) presents with which
expected finding?
a. Hypoglycemia
b. Kussmaul respirations
c. Respiratory alkalosis
d. Bradycardia
Correct Answer: B
Expert Rationale:
Kussmaul respirations compensate for metabolic acidosis in DKA.
NCLEX focus: Acid-base imbalance
,DIF: Knowledge
REF: DKA
OBJ: Identify manifestations of DKA
TOP: Endocrine
4. A nurse evaluates warfarin therapy. Which INR is therapeutic?
a. 1.0
b. 1.8
c. 2.5
d. 4.5
Correct Answer: C
Expert Rationale:
Therapeutic INR is 2.0–3.0 for most conditions.
NCLEX focus: Anticoagulant therapy
DIF: Application
REF: Warfarin
OBJ: Interpret INR
TOP: Pharmacology
5. A nurse is prioritizing clients. Who should be seen first?
a. Client with asthma wheezing
b. Stable angina
c. Requesting pain medication
d. Preparing for discharge
Correct Answer: A
Expert Rationale:
Airway compromise is highest priority. Wheezing indicates respiratory
, distress.
NCLEX focus: Prioritization (ABCs)
DIF: Analysis
REF: Priority setting
OBJ: Apply ABC priority
TOP: Management of Care
6. A nurse teaches insulin administration. Which action is correct?
a. Inject into muscle
b. Shake vigorously
c. Rotate injection sites
d. Freeze insulin
Correct Answer: C
Expert Rationale:
Rotation prevents lipodystrophy. Insulin should never be shaken or
frozen.
NCLEX focus: Medication safety
DIF: Comprehension
REF: Insulin administration
OBJ: Demonstrate correct technique
TOP: Pharmacology
7. A client with tuberculosis requires which isolation?
a. Contact
b. Droplet
c. Airborne
d. Protective
COMPLETE ACCURATE TEST EXAM ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED SOLUTIONS)
|ALREADY GRADED A+||NEWEST VERSION |BEST
DOCUMENT FOR EXAM
1. A nurse is caring for a client receiving furosemide. Which finding
requires immediate intervention?
a. Serum potassium 2.9 mEq/L
b. Blood pressure 118/76 mmHg
c. Urine output 40 mL/hr
d. Weight loss of 0.5 kg/day
Correct Answer: A
Expert Rationale:
Hypokalemia (K+ 2.9 mEq/L) is a life-threatening complication of loop
diuretics and can cause dysrhythmias. Other findings are expected or
within normal limits.
NCLEX focus: Electrolyte imbalance
DIF: Knowledge
REF: Diuretics
OBJ: Identify complications of loop diuretics
TOP: Pharmacology
,2. A nurse is teaching a client with heart failure about sodium
restriction. Which food indicates understanding?
a. Canned soup
b. Fresh grilled chicken
c. Processed deli meat
d. Pickled vegetables
Correct Answer: B
Expert Rationale:
Fresh foods are low in sodium. Processed and canned foods contain
high sodium, worsening fluid retention.
NCLEX focus: Diet teaching
DIF: Comprehension
REF: Heart failure diet
OBJ: Identify low-sodium foods
TOP: Nutrition
3. A client with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) presents with which
expected finding?
a. Hypoglycemia
b. Kussmaul respirations
c. Respiratory alkalosis
d. Bradycardia
Correct Answer: B
Expert Rationale:
Kussmaul respirations compensate for metabolic acidosis in DKA.
NCLEX focus: Acid-base imbalance
,DIF: Knowledge
REF: DKA
OBJ: Identify manifestations of DKA
TOP: Endocrine
4. A nurse evaluates warfarin therapy. Which INR is therapeutic?
a. 1.0
b. 1.8
c. 2.5
d. 4.5
Correct Answer: C
Expert Rationale:
Therapeutic INR is 2.0–3.0 for most conditions.
NCLEX focus: Anticoagulant therapy
DIF: Application
REF: Warfarin
OBJ: Interpret INR
TOP: Pharmacology
5. A nurse is prioritizing clients. Who should be seen first?
a. Client with asthma wheezing
b. Stable angina
c. Requesting pain medication
d. Preparing for discharge
Correct Answer: A
Expert Rationale:
Airway compromise is highest priority. Wheezing indicates respiratory
, distress.
NCLEX focus: Prioritization (ABCs)
DIF: Analysis
REF: Priority setting
OBJ: Apply ABC priority
TOP: Management of Care
6. A nurse teaches insulin administration. Which action is correct?
a. Inject into muscle
b. Shake vigorously
c. Rotate injection sites
d. Freeze insulin
Correct Answer: C
Expert Rationale:
Rotation prevents lipodystrophy. Insulin should never be shaken or
frozen.
NCLEX focus: Medication safety
DIF: Comprehension
REF: Insulin administration
OBJ: Demonstrate correct technique
TOP: Pharmacology
7. A client with tuberculosis requires which isolation?
a. Contact
b. Droplet
c. Airborne
d. Protective
