SPP2601 Minor Test Memo Due 8 May 2026
SECTION A: INTRODUCTION TO SPORT PSYCHOLOGY (Q1-25)
Question 1
Sport psychology is defined as the study of:
A) Only athletic injuries
B) Psychological factors in sport and exercise and the effects of participation
on psychological development
C) Team management strategies
D) Financial planning for athletes
Answer: B
Explanation: Sport psychology examines both how psychological factors affect
performance and how participation affects psychological health.
Question 2
Who is considered the "father" of North American sport psychology?
A) Sigmund Freud
B) Coleman Griffith
C) B.F. Skinner
D) Carl Rogers
Answer: B
Explanation: Coleman Griffith established the first sport psychology laboratory
at the University of Illinois in 1925.
Question 3
The first sport psychology laboratory was established in which year?
A) 1895
B) 1925
C) 1950
D) 1975
Answer: B
Explanation: Griffith's lab at the University of Illinois (1925) is recognized as the
first in North America.
Question 4
Which of the following is NOT a primary goal of sport psychology?
A) Enhancing performance
B) Understanding the effects of sport on mental health
C) Maximizing team profits
D) Promoting well-being in athletes
1
,Answer: C
Explanation: Sport psychology focuses on psychological well-being and
performance, not financial outcomes.
Question 5
The "ABCs" of sport psychology refer to:
A) Affect, Behavior, Cognition
B) Ability, Balance, Coordination
C) Attitude, Belief, Commitment
D) Action, Balance, Control
Answer: A
Explanation: Affect (emotions), Behavior (actions), and Cognition (thoughts) are
the three pillars.
Question 6
A sport psychologist with a clinical/counseling background typically focuses on:
A) Only performance enhancement
B) Mental health disorders and severe psychological issues in athletes
C) Equipment design
D) Nutrition planning
Answer: B
Explanation: Clinical sport psychologists treat mental health conditions like
depression, eating disorders, and anxiety.
Question 7
An educational sport psychologist primarily focuses on:
A) Diagnosing mental illness
B) Teaching mental skills for performance enhancement
C) Prescribing medication
D) Treating injuries
Answer: B
Explanation: Educational sport psychologists teach techniques like goal setting,
imagery, and self-talk.
Question 8
What is the most common ethical issue in sport psychology?
A) Overcharging clients
B) Confidentiality breaches
C) Dual relationships with athletes (e.g., coach-psychologist)
D) Advertising services
Answer: C
Explanation: Managing multiple roles (e.g., consultant and friend or coach)
creates boundary conflicts.
Question 9
The "Zone of Optimal Functioning" theory was proposed by:
2
,A) Yuri Hanin
B) Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi
C) Albert Bandura
D) Daniel Gould
Answer: A
Explanation: Hanin's Individual Zones of Optimal Functioning (IZOF) model
suggests each athlete has an ideal arousal level.
Question 10
"Flow" in sport is characterized by:
A) High anxiety
B) Complete absorption and effortless performance
C) Low motivation
D) Distraction
Answer: B
Explanation: Flow (Csikszentmihalyi) is a state of total immersion where action
and awareness merge.
Question 11
Which organization is the primary governing body for sport psychology in North
America?
A) APA Division 47 (Exercise and Sport Psychology)
B) NFL Players Association
C) NCAA
D) IOC
Answer: A
Explanation: APA Division 47 is the American Psychological Association's
division for sport and exercise psychology.
Question 12
The "Mental Toughness" concept includes:
A) Physical strength only
B) Resilience, confidence, and focus under pressure
C) Aggression toward opponents
D) Ignoring pain
Answer: B
Explanation: Mental toughness involves coping with adversity, maintaining
confidence, and performing under pressure.
Question 13
Which of the following is a career path for sport psychologists?
A) University faculty
B) Private practice consultant
C) Working with Olympic teams
D) All of the above
3
, Answer: D
Explanation: Sport psychologists work in academia, clinical settings,
professional sports, military, and corporate wellness.
Question 14
The "Psychological Skills Training" (PST) model includes which phases?
A) Education, acquisition, practice
B) Assessment, diagnosis, treatment
C) Planning, execution, review
D) Warm-up, activity, cool-down
Answer: A
Explanation: PST involves education (learning about skills), acquisition (learning
techniques), and practice (integrating into performance).
Question 15
Which is NOT a psychological skill commonly taught in PST?
A) Goal setting
B) Imagery
C) Reflex training
D) Self-talk
Answer: C
Explanation: Reflexes are physiological, not psychological skills.
Question 16
The "Science of Coaching" integrates sport psychology to:
A) Replace physical training
B) Enhance athlete motivation and communication
C) Eliminate errors
D) Reduce practice time
Answer: B
Explanation: Sport psychology helps coaches motivate athletes, build team
cohesion, and communicate effectively.
Question 17
Which of the following best describes "applied sport psychology"?
A) Research conducted in laboratories
B) Practical application of psychological principles with athletes
C) Theoretical analysis of sport behavior
D) Pharmaceutical interventions
Answer: B
Explanation: Applied sport psychology involves working directly with athletes
and teams.
Question 18
The "Consultant-Athlete Relationship" is most effective when:
A) The consultant is also the coach
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SECTION A: INTRODUCTION TO SPORT PSYCHOLOGY (Q1-25)
Question 1
Sport psychology is defined as the study of:
A) Only athletic injuries
B) Psychological factors in sport and exercise and the effects of participation
on psychological development
C) Team management strategies
D) Financial planning for athletes
Answer: B
Explanation: Sport psychology examines both how psychological factors affect
performance and how participation affects psychological health.
Question 2
Who is considered the "father" of North American sport psychology?
A) Sigmund Freud
B) Coleman Griffith
C) B.F. Skinner
D) Carl Rogers
Answer: B
Explanation: Coleman Griffith established the first sport psychology laboratory
at the University of Illinois in 1925.
Question 3
The first sport psychology laboratory was established in which year?
A) 1895
B) 1925
C) 1950
D) 1975
Answer: B
Explanation: Griffith's lab at the University of Illinois (1925) is recognized as the
first in North America.
Question 4
Which of the following is NOT a primary goal of sport psychology?
A) Enhancing performance
B) Understanding the effects of sport on mental health
C) Maximizing team profits
D) Promoting well-being in athletes
1
,Answer: C
Explanation: Sport psychology focuses on psychological well-being and
performance, not financial outcomes.
Question 5
The "ABCs" of sport psychology refer to:
A) Affect, Behavior, Cognition
B) Ability, Balance, Coordination
C) Attitude, Belief, Commitment
D) Action, Balance, Control
Answer: A
Explanation: Affect (emotions), Behavior (actions), and Cognition (thoughts) are
the three pillars.
Question 6
A sport psychologist with a clinical/counseling background typically focuses on:
A) Only performance enhancement
B) Mental health disorders and severe psychological issues in athletes
C) Equipment design
D) Nutrition planning
Answer: B
Explanation: Clinical sport psychologists treat mental health conditions like
depression, eating disorders, and anxiety.
Question 7
An educational sport psychologist primarily focuses on:
A) Diagnosing mental illness
B) Teaching mental skills for performance enhancement
C) Prescribing medication
D) Treating injuries
Answer: B
Explanation: Educational sport psychologists teach techniques like goal setting,
imagery, and self-talk.
Question 8
What is the most common ethical issue in sport psychology?
A) Overcharging clients
B) Confidentiality breaches
C) Dual relationships with athletes (e.g., coach-psychologist)
D) Advertising services
Answer: C
Explanation: Managing multiple roles (e.g., consultant and friend or coach)
creates boundary conflicts.
Question 9
The "Zone of Optimal Functioning" theory was proposed by:
2
,A) Yuri Hanin
B) Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi
C) Albert Bandura
D) Daniel Gould
Answer: A
Explanation: Hanin's Individual Zones of Optimal Functioning (IZOF) model
suggests each athlete has an ideal arousal level.
Question 10
"Flow" in sport is characterized by:
A) High anxiety
B) Complete absorption and effortless performance
C) Low motivation
D) Distraction
Answer: B
Explanation: Flow (Csikszentmihalyi) is a state of total immersion where action
and awareness merge.
Question 11
Which organization is the primary governing body for sport psychology in North
America?
A) APA Division 47 (Exercise and Sport Psychology)
B) NFL Players Association
C) NCAA
D) IOC
Answer: A
Explanation: APA Division 47 is the American Psychological Association's
division for sport and exercise psychology.
Question 12
The "Mental Toughness" concept includes:
A) Physical strength only
B) Resilience, confidence, and focus under pressure
C) Aggression toward opponents
D) Ignoring pain
Answer: B
Explanation: Mental toughness involves coping with adversity, maintaining
confidence, and performing under pressure.
Question 13
Which of the following is a career path for sport psychologists?
A) University faculty
B) Private practice consultant
C) Working with Olympic teams
D) All of the above
3
, Answer: D
Explanation: Sport psychologists work in academia, clinical settings,
professional sports, military, and corporate wellness.
Question 14
The "Psychological Skills Training" (PST) model includes which phases?
A) Education, acquisition, practice
B) Assessment, diagnosis, treatment
C) Planning, execution, review
D) Warm-up, activity, cool-down
Answer: A
Explanation: PST involves education (learning about skills), acquisition (learning
techniques), and practice (integrating into performance).
Question 15
Which is NOT a psychological skill commonly taught in PST?
A) Goal setting
B) Imagery
C) Reflex training
D) Self-talk
Answer: C
Explanation: Reflexes are physiological, not psychological skills.
Question 16
The "Science of Coaching" integrates sport psychology to:
A) Replace physical training
B) Enhance athlete motivation and communication
C) Eliminate errors
D) Reduce practice time
Answer: B
Explanation: Sport psychology helps coaches motivate athletes, build team
cohesion, and communicate effectively.
Question 17
Which of the following best describes "applied sport psychology"?
A) Research conducted in laboratories
B) Practical application of psychological principles with athletes
C) Theoretical analysis of sport behavior
D) Pharmaceutical interventions
Answer: B
Explanation: Applied sport psychology involves working directly with athletes
and teams.
Question 18
The "Consultant-Athlete Relationship" is most effective when:
A) The consultant is also the coach
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