STOTT PILATES
MUSCULAR REFERENCES FOR STOTT PILATES EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
% CORRECT.
Trapezius - upper, middle, and lower division Answer >>> Origins: large,
important, diamond shaped muscle; its origin is on the occiput, nuchal ligament,
and spinous process of the cervical vertebrae and thoracic vertebrae
Insertions: the lateral third of the clavicle and acromion (upper fibers), scapular
spine (middle fibers), a tubercle at the medial end of the scapular spine (lower
fibers)
Actions of the Muscles: simultaneous contraction of all the fibers adducts the
scapula
upper fibers: elevation and upward rotation of the scapula
lower fibers: depression and upward rotation of the scapula
Elevator Scapulae Answer >>> Origins: originates from the transverse processes of
C1-C4
Insertions: inserts on the superior angle of the scapula
Actions of the Muscles: elevates the scapula and rotates it downwards
,STOTT PILATES
Rhomboid Major and Minor Answer >>> Origins: originate from the spinous
process of C7 and T1-T4
Insertions: insert on the medial border of the scapula
Actions of the Muscles: adduct the scapula and rotate it downward
Serratus Anterior Answer >>> Origins: originates from the upper ten ribs
Insertions: inserts along the entire medial border of the scapula
Actions of the Muscles: when the ribs are fixed, the muscle flattens the medial
border of the scapula against the ribcage; with the upper fibers, it pulls the
scapula laterally into upward rotation
Pectoralis Minor Answer >>> Origins: originates from ribs 3-5
Insertions: inserts on the coracoid process
Actions of the Muscles: when the ribs are fixed, it pulls the scapula downward and
forward
Subclavian Answer >>> Origins: small muscle running from rib 1 and its cartilage
Insertions: underside of the clavicle
, STOTT PILATES
Actions of the Muscles: depresses the clavicle
Deltoid - anterior, medial and posterior division Answer >>> Origins: the three
groups of fibers converge toward the middle of the arm
Insertions: insertion on the lateral surface of the homers
Actions of the Muscles: contraction of anterior fibers: flexion and medial rotation
of the arm
Pectoralis major - sternal and clavicular division Answer >>> Origins: has a
clavicular head from the anterior, medial clavicle, and a stern costal head from
the sternum and costal cartilages 1-6 and rib 7
Insertions: The tendon is twisted such that the fibers from the clavicular head
insert below those from the stern costal head on the lateral aspect of the bicipital
groove
Actions of the Muscles: when the ribcage is fixed, all the fibers adduct and
medially rotate the arm. The "hugging" muscle
Coracobrachialis Answer >>> Origins: arises from the coracoid process
Insertions: on the medial surface of the humeral shaft, near the middle
Actions of the Muscles: flexes and adducts the arm
MUSCULAR REFERENCES FOR STOTT PILATES EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
% CORRECT.
Trapezius - upper, middle, and lower division Answer >>> Origins: large,
important, diamond shaped muscle; its origin is on the occiput, nuchal ligament,
and spinous process of the cervical vertebrae and thoracic vertebrae
Insertions: the lateral third of the clavicle and acromion (upper fibers), scapular
spine (middle fibers), a tubercle at the medial end of the scapular spine (lower
fibers)
Actions of the Muscles: simultaneous contraction of all the fibers adducts the
scapula
upper fibers: elevation and upward rotation of the scapula
lower fibers: depression and upward rotation of the scapula
Elevator Scapulae Answer >>> Origins: originates from the transverse processes of
C1-C4
Insertions: inserts on the superior angle of the scapula
Actions of the Muscles: elevates the scapula and rotates it downwards
,STOTT PILATES
Rhomboid Major and Minor Answer >>> Origins: originate from the spinous
process of C7 and T1-T4
Insertions: insert on the medial border of the scapula
Actions of the Muscles: adduct the scapula and rotate it downward
Serratus Anterior Answer >>> Origins: originates from the upper ten ribs
Insertions: inserts along the entire medial border of the scapula
Actions of the Muscles: when the ribs are fixed, the muscle flattens the medial
border of the scapula against the ribcage; with the upper fibers, it pulls the
scapula laterally into upward rotation
Pectoralis Minor Answer >>> Origins: originates from ribs 3-5
Insertions: inserts on the coracoid process
Actions of the Muscles: when the ribs are fixed, it pulls the scapula downward and
forward
Subclavian Answer >>> Origins: small muscle running from rib 1 and its cartilage
Insertions: underside of the clavicle
, STOTT PILATES
Actions of the Muscles: depresses the clavicle
Deltoid - anterior, medial and posterior division Answer >>> Origins: the three
groups of fibers converge toward the middle of the arm
Insertions: insertion on the lateral surface of the homers
Actions of the Muscles: contraction of anterior fibers: flexion and medial rotation
of the arm
Pectoralis major - sternal and clavicular division Answer >>> Origins: has a
clavicular head from the anterior, medial clavicle, and a stern costal head from
the sternum and costal cartilages 1-6 and rib 7
Insertions: The tendon is twisted such that the fibers from the clavicular head
insert below those from the stern costal head on the lateral aspect of the bicipital
groove
Actions of the Muscles: when the ribcage is fixed, all the fibers adduct and
medially rotate the arm. The "hugging" muscle
Coracobrachialis Answer >>> Origins: arises from the coracoid process
Insertions: on the medial surface of the humeral shaft, near the middle
Actions of the Muscles: flexes and adducts the arm
