NUR 1390 - Final Exam UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
MODELS OF HEALTHCARE - CORRECT ANSWER - CLINICAL: absence of disease, prevention not
emphasized
ADAPTIVE: ability to adapt positively to change (social, mental, physiologic)
ROLE PERFORMANCE: health based on whether person can perform societal roles (occupational health evals, school
physicals, medically excused absences)
EUDAIMONISTIC: optimal health, comprehensive health needs, encompass more people and diverse life circumstances
LEVELS OF PREVENTION - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. PRIMORDIAL - policy level protection, occurs at
national/state/community levels
2. PRIMARY - health promotion and specific protection (vaccines)
3. SECONDARY - early diagnosis, prompt treatment, disability limitation
4. TERTIARY - restoration and rehabilitation
PROFESSIONAL ROLES NURSE - CORRECT ANSWER - - advocate (protect patients rights)
- care manager (coordinates care)
- consultant (gives expert advice)
- deliverer of services (performs nursing care)
- educator (teaches)
- healer (promotes healing and comfort)
- researcher (uses evidence to improve care)
TYPES OF RESEARCH - CORRECT ANSWER - QUANTITATIVE: measure, test, quantify variables
QUALITATIVE: describe phenomenon or define historical, cultural, or philosophical nature of care
APPLIED: focus is to directly affect clinical practice
EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE - CORRECT ANSWER - searching for best evidence to answer clinical research
questions
11 FUNCTIONAL HEALTH PATTERNS - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Health perception/management
2. Nutritional-Metabolic
3. Elimination
4. Activity-Exercise
5. Sleep-rest
6. Cognitive-perceptual
7. Self-perception/concept
8. Role-relationship
9. Sexuality-reproductive
10. Coping/Stress tolerance
11. Value-Belief
HEALTH PATTERNS & DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES - CORRECT ANSWER - Infants: nutrition, sleep,
bonding important
Toddlers: elimination/toilet training
School-age: activity and learning
Adolescents: self-concept and sexuality
Adults: role relationships and stress
Older adults: cognition and coping
INFANT SAFETY - CORRECT ANSWER - - back to sleep to prevent SIDS
- rear-facing car seats
- avoid choking hazards
- never leave unintended
TODDLER SAFETY - CORRECT ANSWER - - childproof home
- lock medications/cleaners
- supervise near water
, - prevent falls and burns
METHOD OF TREATING URINARY INCONTINENCE IN OLDER ADULTS - CORRECT ANSWER - - kegel
exercises
- scheduled toileting
- bladder training
- limit caffeine
- adequate hydration
- medications if prescribed
- surgery in severe cases
NURSING PROCESS - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Assessment (collect, validate, organize data)
2. Diagnosis (identify problem)
3. Identification (set goals)
4. Planning (create interventions)
5. Implementation (carry out care)
6. Evaluation (determine effectiveness)
EXAMPLES OF ERIKSON'S INTEGRITY VS DESPAIR - CORRECT ANSWER - INTEGRITY: feels satisfied
with life, accepts aging, feels wisdom and fulfillment (ex. older adult reflects proudly on accomplishments)
DESPAIR: regrets life choices, fear of death, feels hopeless (ex. my life had no meaning)
SEXUALITY PATTERNS: MIDDLE AGE & OLDER ADULTS - CORRECT ANSWER - MIDDLE AGE:
menopause changes, possible decreased fertility, continued intimacy important
OLDER ADULTS: sexuality still important, STI/HIV risk exists, may need lubrication or ED treatment
HOW TO HELP OLDER ADULTS WITH CONSTIPATION - CORRECT ANSWER - - increase fiber and fluids
- encourage exercise
- establish toileting routine
- stool softeners if needed
LEADING CAUSES OF DEATH - CORRECT ANSWER - accidents, heart disease, cancer, stroke, chronic lower
respiratory disease
WHO IS AT RISK FOR OSTEOPOROSIS AND VISUAL IMPAIRMENT? - CORRECT ANSWER -
OSTEOPOROSIS: older, postmenopausal women, thin body frame, smokers, low calcium intake
VISUAL: older adults, diabetes, hypertension, smoking
TOBACCO - CORRECT ANSWER - the leading cause of preventive death or disability
EXAMPLES FOR EACH STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT - CORRECT ANSWER - TRUST VS MISTRUST -
infant trusts caregiver
AUTONOMY VS SHAME - toddler feeds self
INITIATIVE VS GUILT - preschooler explores independently
INDUSTRY VS INFERIORITY - school-age child completes school tasks
IDENTITY VS ROLE CONFUSION - teen develops identity
INTIMACY VS ISOLATION - young adult forms relationships
GENERATIVITY VS STAGNATION - middle adult mentors others
INTEGRITY VS DESPAIR - older adult accepts life
HPV - CORRECT ANSWER - - vaccine given at age 9
- prevents cervical cancer, genital warts, other cancers
SUBJECTIVE VS OBJECTIVE - CORRECT ANSWER - Subjective (Feelings)
Objective (Facts)
TYPES OF ASSESSMENTS - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. INITIAL/COMPREHENSIVE - full health history
2. FOCUSED - specific problem
3. EMERGENCY - life-threatening issues
4. ONGOING - follow-up assessment
Questions and CORRECT Answers
MODELS OF HEALTHCARE - CORRECT ANSWER - CLINICAL: absence of disease, prevention not
emphasized
ADAPTIVE: ability to adapt positively to change (social, mental, physiologic)
ROLE PERFORMANCE: health based on whether person can perform societal roles (occupational health evals, school
physicals, medically excused absences)
EUDAIMONISTIC: optimal health, comprehensive health needs, encompass more people and diverse life circumstances
LEVELS OF PREVENTION - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. PRIMORDIAL - policy level protection, occurs at
national/state/community levels
2. PRIMARY - health promotion and specific protection (vaccines)
3. SECONDARY - early diagnosis, prompt treatment, disability limitation
4. TERTIARY - restoration and rehabilitation
PROFESSIONAL ROLES NURSE - CORRECT ANSWER - - advocate (protect patients rights)
- care manager (coordinates care)
- consultant (gives expert advice)
- deliverer of services (performs nursing care)
- educator (teaches)
- healer (promotes healing and comfort)
- researcher (uses evidence to improve care)
TYPES OF RESEARCH - CORRECT ANSWER - QUANTITATIVE: measure, test, quantify variables
QUALITATIVE: describe phenomenon or define historical, cultural, or philosophical nature of care
APPLIED: focus is to directly affect clinical practice
EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE - CORRECT ANSWER - searching for best evidence to answer clinical research
questions
11 FUNCTIONAL HEALTH PATTERNS - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Health perception/management
2. Nutritional-Metabolic
3. Elimination
4. Activity-Exercise
5. Sleep-rest
6. Cognitive-perceptual
7. Self-perception/concept
8. Role-relationship
9. Sexuality-reproductive
10. Coping/Stress tolerance
11. Value-Belief
HEALTH PATTERNS & DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES - CORRECT ANSWER - Infants: nutrition, sleep,
bonding important
Toddlers: elimination/toilet training
School-age: activity and learning
Adolescents: self-concept and sexuality
Adults: role relationships and stress
Older adults: cognition and coping
INFANT SAFETY - CORRECT ANSWER - - back to sleep to prevent SIDS
- rear-facing car seats
- avoid choking hazards
- never leave unintended
TODDLER SAFETY - CORRECT ANSWER - - childproof home
- lock medications/cleaners
- supervise near water
, - prevent falls and burns
METHOD OF TREATING URINARY INCONTINENCE IN OLDER ADULTS - CORRECT ANSWER - - kegel
exercises
- scheduled toileting
- bladder training
- limit caffeine
- adequate hydration
- medications if prescribed
- surgery in severe cases
NURSING PROCESS - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Assessment (collect, validate, organize data)
2. Diagnosis (identify problem)
3. Identification (set goals)
4. Planning (create interventions)
5. Implementation (carry out care)
6. Evaluation (determine effectiveness)
EXAMPLES OF ERIKSON'S INTEGRITY VS DESPAIR - CORRECT ANSWER - INTEGRITY: feels satisfied
with life, accepts aging, feels wisdom and fulfillment (ex. older adult reflects proudly on accomplishments)
DESPAIR: regrets life choices, fear of death, feels hopeless (ex. my life had no meaning)
SEXUALITY PATTERNS: MIDDLE AGE & OLDER ADULTS - CORRECT ANSWER - MIDDLE AGE:
menopause changes, possible decreased fertility, continued intimacy important
OLDER ADULTS: sexuality still important, STI/HIV risk exists, may need lubrication or ED treatment
HOW TO HELP OLDER ADULTS WITH CONSTIPATION - CORRECT ANSWER - - increase fiber and fluids
- encourage exercise
- establish toileting routine
- stool softeners if needed
LEADING CAUSES OF DEATH - CORRECT ANSWER - accidents, heart disease, cancer, stroke, chronic lower
respiratory disease
WHO IS AT RISK FOR OSTEOPOROSIS AND VISUAL IMPAIRMENT? - CORRECT ANSWER -
OSTEOPOROSIS: older, postmenopausal women, thin body frame, smokers, low calcium intake
VISUAL: older adults, diabetes, hypertension, smoking
TOBACCO - CORRECT ANSWER - the leading cause of preventive death or disability
EXAMPLES FOR EACH STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT - CORRECT ANSWER - TRUST VS MISTRUST -
infant trusts caregiver
AUTONOMY VS SHAME - toddler feeds self
INITIATIVE VS GUILT - preschooler explores independently
INDUSTRY VS INFERIORITY - school-age child completes school tasks
IDENTITY VS ROLE CONFUSION - teen develops identity
INTIMACY VS ISOLATION - young adult forms relationships
GENERATIVITY VS STAGNATION - middle adult mentors others
INTEGRITY VS DESPAIR - older adult accepts life
HPV - CORRECT ANSWER - - vaccine given at age 9
- prevents cervical cancer, genital warts, other cancers
SUBJECTIVE VS OBJECTIVE - CORRECT ANSWER - Subjective (Feelings)
Objective (Facts)
TYPES OF ASSESSMENTS - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. INITIAL/COMPREHENSIVE - full health history
2. FOCUSED - specific problem
3. EMERGENCY - life-threatening issues
4. ONGOING - follow-up assessment
