NR 222 Exam 2 Chamberlain Complete Questions With Correct Detailed Answers

The ethical tenet that the physician has the responsibility to respect patients' choices about their own healthcare. Right to choose, self freedom - correct answers Autonomy protection of privacy without diminishing access to quality care A legal and ethical concept that establishes the healthcare provider's responsibility for protecting health records and other personal and private information from unauthorized use or disclosure - correct answers Confidentiality Adherence to the truth; truthfulness - correct answers Veracity Faithfulness; loyalty - correct answers Fidelity Avoid causing harm or pain as much as possible when giving treatments. Principle of avoiding harm - correct answers Nonmaleficence The ethical tenet that the physician has a responsibility to act in the patient's best interest. - correct answers Beneficence Human caring Theory- caring to meet human needs Watson sees caring as central to nursing and only able to be demonstrated interpersonally. Caring depends on certain factors that satisfy human needs. Effective caring promotes health and growth. Show unconditional acceptance. Use a holistic treatment approach—one that includes treating the mind, soul, and spirit as well as the body). Spend uninterrupted time with patients - something Watson calls "caring moments." Promote health through knowledge and intervention - correct answers Watson Theory Transcultural nursing focuses on the analyses of different cultures in the world regarding their caring behavior, nursing care, health-illness values, with the goal of developing a scientific and humanistic body of knowledge from which to derive culture-specific and culture universal nursing care practices. Madeleine Leininger involves knowing and understanding different cultures with respect to nursing and health-illness caring practices, beliefs and values with the goal to provide meaningful and efficacious nursing care services to people according to their culture beliefs. - correct answers Leininger's Theory patient should do what they can independently, we ASSIT and SUPPORT patient where they have trouble - correct answers Orems Theory Extends the health belief model to include determinants of health promoting behaviour and includes self-efficacy theory Pender - correct answers Health Promotion Model six stages in the change process: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and termination - correct answers Transtheoretical Model likelihood of engaging in health-promoting behavior -Suggests that an individual's decision to adopt healthy behaviors is based upon their perception of susceptibility to an illness (& severity of illness - correct answers Health Belief The fundamental needs of people for adequate food, shelter, health care, sanitation, and education. Meeting such needs may be thought of as both a moral imperative and a form of investment in "human capital" essential for economic growth. - correct answers Basic Human Needs Attempts to create conditions that promote optimal health, and consider clients the ultimate expert on their own health. - correct answers Holistic Health Model The Patient Self-Determination Act guarantees that all competent adults have the right to complete an Advance Directive (living will) to state whether or not they want treatment, how they want to treat end-of-life choices, and who they want to make their decisions - correct answers Self-Determination and Advance Directives - an attempt to ensure that people's rights were honored - to improve communication related to end-of-life care issues - to improve preferences among individuals, health care providers and proxies - correct answers The Patient Self-Determination Act (PSDA) - a way for people to ensure that the treatment and care matches their wishes when they become incapacitated - correct answers Advanced Directives potentially to relieve them the strain as they strive to make the "right" treatment choices for a friend or relative - correct answers Loved Ones will be guided in their decision making regarding the person in question - correct answers Healthcare Professionals written document; can be very specific or tailored to order or may be a form document that can be downloaded from the internet. Types: Living will Terminal Care document - correct answers Type of Advanced Derivative: Instructional allows a competent person to designate a decision maker in the event of incapacity. Durable Power of Attorney - correct answers Type of Advanced Derivative: Health care proxy combination of proxy and written directions. - correct answers Best advance directive: living will - correct answers Least advanced directive: must take into account what is known about the person and must follow a path of action that is most likely to respect that individual's goals and values. - correct answers Proxy Decision making • Possession of a set of values and goals; • The ability to communicate and to understand information; • The ability to reason and deliberate about one's choice - correct answers Minimal capacities needed for competent decision-making are skills related to a person's ability to obtain, process and act on basic health information. - correct answers Health Literacy Skills provide guidance about the nature of practice and the manner in which services will be provided - correct answers Nursing codes of ethics and standards of practice: Traditional + therapy health care practices and products used together with conventional medicine therapies used in addition to or together with conventional treatment recommended by a person's health care provider - correct answers Complementary Medicine/ Integrative medical practice that tries to combat disease through modern or conventional means (ex. drugs, surgery). - correct answers Allopathy health care practices and products used in place of conventional medicine therapy same as complementary therapies but they become the primary treatment. - correct answers Alternative Medicine Massage, yoga, reflexology - correct answers Complementary and Integrative Therapies A patient with back pain says "my nurse practitioner told me acupuncture may enhance the effect of the medications and physical therapy prescribed." What type of therapy is being recommended? - correct answers Complementary therapy Any therapy that draws from more than one current of psychotherapeutic theory and technique. - correct answers Integrative Therapy a technique for reducing tension by consciously relaxing muscles of the body - correct answers Relaxation Therapy remedies that feature a small dose of an illness-inducing substances to activate the body's own natural defenses - correct answers Homeopathic Medicine a system for electronically recording, amplifying, and feeding back information regarding a subtle psychological state, such as blood pressure or muscle tension - correct answers Biofeedback a system of complementary medicine that involves pricking the skin or tissues with needles, used to alleviate pain and to treat various physical, mental, and emotional conditions. Originating in ancient China, acupuncture is now widely practiced in the West. manipulates life energy by stimulating precisely mapped points on skin surface - correct answers Acupuncture a massage that applies pressure to specific acupuncture-like points n the body; pressure enourages the flow of vital energy (qi) along the meridian pathways. It is used to control chronic pain, migraine headaches, and backaches. - correct answers Acupressure - uses gentle touch directly on or close to body to bring back balance/ homeostasis - needs to be certified to perform - correct answers Healing touch - practitioner's hands lay on or close to a patient's body - no need to be certified to perform/ integrated in learning - correct answers Therapeutic Touch Is a system of ancient Chinese medicinal treatments including acupuncture diet herbal theraphy meditation physical exercise and massage to prevent diagnose and treat disease - correct answers Traditional Chinese Medicine Awareness Skills Knowledge Encounters Desires - correct answers Integrative Nursing Roles Is a type of treatment in which a patient follows verbal prompts to envision a specific peaceful location in detail distancing him- or herself from any pain or stress the patient is currently experiencing - correct answers Guided Imagery relaxation therapy, meditation and breathing, imagery - correct answers Nursing Accessible Therapies - is the state of generalized decreased cognitive, physiological, and/or behavioral arousal - also involves arousal reduction. - decreases activity of the brain - correct answers Relaxation Therapy concerns the nature of a socially just allocation of goods in a society. A society in which incidental inequalities in outcome do not arise would be considered a society guided by the principles of distributive justice - correct answers Distributive justice legislation and enforcement to ban or control the use of hazardous products (e.g. asbestos) or to mandate safe and healthy practices (e.g. use of seatbelts and bike helmets) education about healthy and safe habits (e.g. eating well, exercising regularly, not smoking) immunization against infectious diseases. - correct answers Primary regular exams and screening tests to detect disease in its earliest stages (e.g. mammograms to detect breast cancer) daily, low-dose aspirins and/or diet and exercise programs to prevent further heart attacks or strokes suitably modified work so injured or ill workers can return safely to their jobs. - correct answers Secondary cardiac or stroke rehabilitation programs, chronic disease management programs (e