NR 222 Exam 3 Questions And Verified
Answers Pass At First Attempt
Communication - correct answers Is the key to nurse patient relationships and the ability to deliver
patient centered care; help reduces the risk of errors; promote improved patient outcomes and
increased patient satisfaction; essential to ensure patent safety and optimum patient care.
What are the three forms of communication? - correct answers 1)verbal
2)nonverbal
3)metacommunication
Verbal Communication - correct answers Transmission of messages using words, spoken or written; a
code that conveys specific meaning through a combination of words; words impart meaning defined by
a specific language; sign language, braille, and touch also work; importance of language development is
apparent in its 3 functions- informing the person of others' thoughts and feelings, stimulating the
receiver of a message by triggering a response, & serving a descriptive function by imparting information
and sharing observation, ideas, inferences, and memories; ability to fulfill these functions is influenced
by many factors including communicator's social class, culture, age, milieu, and ability to receive and
interpret messages.
Vocabulary - correct answers Unsuccessful communication happens if senders and receives cannot
translate one another's words and phrases; limit use of medical jargon.
Denotative an Connotative Meaning - correct answers Words may have the same or different meanings
depending on who you are speaking to; the shade or interpretation of the meaning of a word influenced
by the thoughts, feelings, or ideas that people have about the word.
Pacing - correct answers Conversing at an appropriate speed; think before speaking and develop an
awareness of the rhythm of your speech to improve pacing.
Intonation - correct answers Tone of voice.
,Clarity and Brevity - correct answers Effective communication is simple, brief, and direct.
Timing and Relevance - correct answers Critical in communication; best time for interaction is when a
patient expresses an interest in communicating.
Nonverbal Communication - correct answers Encompasses all messages that are not spoken or written;
use the five senses (movement, facial and eye expressions, gestures, touch, appearance, & vocalization
or paralanguage); subject to misunderstanding (do not always reflect the senders conscious intent); no
specific beginning or ending; culturally and situationally bound; careful observation is needed; more
accurately indicates a person's intended meaning.
Personal Appearance - correct answers Includes physical characteristics, facial expression, and manner
of dress and grooming; communicates physical well-being, personality, social status, occupation,
religion, culture, and self-concept; patients prefer nurses to have their hair back and off their shoulders
and to not have long fingernails.
Posture and Gait - correct answers Forms of self-expression; the way people sit, stand, and move
reflects attitudes, emotions, self-concept and health status.
Facial Expression - correct answers The face is the most expressive part of the body; conveys emotions
such as surprise, fear, anger, happiness, and sadness.
Eye Contact - correct answers Signals readiness to communicate; shows respect and willingness to
listen; allows people to closely observe one another; some cultures consider it intrusive, threatening, or
harmful and minimize or avoid its use.
Gestures and Sounds - correct answers Emphasize, punctuate, and clarify the spoken word; sighs moans,
groans, or sobs also communicate feelings and thoughts.
Metacommunication - correct answers Refers to all factors that influence communication; the
impossibility of not communicating; one cannot communicate; persons transmit a message about what
is being communicated even when words are not spoken; relationship aspect of communication; reading
between the lines; interpreting communication accurately may be difficult; in group settings may be
called group process; all communication has content and process (content- what is said; process- the
relationship aspect of what is communicated); occurs during every group encounter.
,Effectiveness of Communication - correct answers Steps include: firmly stating the case (make the
content and metacommunication congruent), clarifying the message (must give a complete message,
use "I" statements, and open ended questions), seek feedback (consensual validation), and being
receptive to feedback when receiving it.
Factors of Effective Communication - correct answers Listening, flexibility, silence, humor, touch, and
space.
Listening - correct answers Effective listening is actively focusing attention on the message; ask
questions to explore what is meant; nonverbal communications like eye contact, nodding, maintaining
interpersonal closeness or leaning forward can convey listening; reciprocity is the patterning of similar
activities with in same interval by two people.
Flexibility - correct answers Balance between control and permissiveness; overcontrol- every message is
monitored; exaggerated permissiveness- anything can be communicated in any way; rules are needed
about what is appropriate without rigid prescriptions that inhibit meaningful interchange.
Silence - correct answers Allows individuals to reflect on what is being discussed or experienced; lets
patient know that the nurse is willing to wait until they are ready to say more; provides them with
comfort and support; allows person time to decide when to comment; nurse should make brief
comments that do not demand answers.
Humor - correct answers Relieves tension, reduces aggression and creates a climate of sharing; can also
block communication when it is used to avoid subjects; can also inflict emotional pain and communicate
negative views and stereotypes through teasing and jokes.
Touch - correct answers Form of nonverbal communication; can be expressed by a gentle or soothing
application; evaluation of the context and meaning of touch to the individual is based on knowledge of
that person and the interpretation of feedback.
Space - correct answers Vary depending on type of communication; proxemics- use of space between
communicators; recognition of differences in culture helps the nurse adjust the distance and interpret
the meaning of this nonverbal communication.
, Four Zones of Space - correct answers 1. Intimate- 0- 18 inches; high interpersonal communication like
performing physical assessment.
2. Personal- 18 inches- 4 feet; close relationships; might include touching; like sitting at a patients
bedside.
3. Social-consultative- 9-12 feet; less intimate; requires louder verbal communication; like giving
directions in the hallway.
4. Public- 12 feet; used for formal gatherings like giving a lecture to a class of students.
Helping or Therapeutic Relationship - correct answers A process through which one person promotes
the development of another person by fostering the latter's maturation, adaptation, integrating
openness and ability to find meaning in the present situation; emerges from purposeful encounters
characterized by effective communication; nurse respects the individuals values, attends to concerns,
and promotes positive change by encouraging self-expression, exploring behavior patterns and
outcomes, and promoting self help; is the foundation of clinical nursing practice.
Purposeful Communication - correct answers The nurse focuses communication toward a particular
goal; there should be some purpose to the communication; goals guide the nurse in focusing
communication.
Rapport - correct answers A harmony and an affinity between people in a relationship; be genuine,
open, and concerned.
Trust - correct answers The reliance on a person to carry out responsibilities and promises; based on a
sense of safety, honesty, and reliability; promote trust by modeling and structuring the relationship
appropriately; strategies: be consistent, and clearly define relationship.
Empathy - correct answers The ability to understand another's feelings without losing personal identity
and perspective; draw on emotions and experiences that enable them to place themselves in the other
person's situation; use clinical and personal experience; don't shift focus onto yourself (e.g. "I know
exactly how you feel; that happened to me once"); enables the listener to share human experiences as
the basis for providing care.
Goal Direction - correct answers Helping relationship exists solely to meet some need or to promote the
growth of the recipient; relationship is centered on the recipient; goals are formulated as desired
individual behaviors; short term goals are any that last from 10 days to 2 weeks anything longer is long
term.
Answers Pass At First Attempt
Communication - correct answers Is the key to nurse patient relationships and the ability to deliver
patient centered care; help reduces the risk of errors; promote improved patient outcomes and
increased patient satisfaction; essential to ensure patent safety and optimum patient care.
What are the three forms of communication? - correct answers 1)verbal
2)nonverbal
3)metacommunication
Verbal Communication - correct answers Transmission of messages using words, spoken or written; a
code that conveys specific meaning through a combination of words; words impart meaning defined by
a specific language; sign language, braille, and touch also work; importance of language development is
apparent in its 3 functions- informing the person of others' thoughts and feelings, stimulating the
receiver of a message by triggering a response, & serving a descriptive function by imparting information
and sharing observation, ideas, inferences, and memories; ability to fulfill these functions is influenced
by many factors including communicator's social class, culture, age, milieu, and ability to receive and
interpret messages.
Vocabulary - correct answers Unsuccessful communication happens if senders and receives cannot
translate one another's words and phrases; limit use of medical jargon.
Denotative an Connotative Meaning - correct answers Words may have the same or different meanings
depending on who you are speaking to; the shade or interpretation of the meaning of a word influenced
by the thoughts, feelings, or ideas that people have about the word.
Pacing - correct answers Conversing at an appropriate speed; think before speaking and develop an
awareness of the rhythm of your speech to improve pacing.
Intonation - correct answers Tone of voice.
,Clarity and Brevity - correct answers Effective communication is simple, brief, and direct.
Timing and Relevance - correct answers Critical in communication; best time for interaction is when a
patient expresses an interest in communicating.
Nonverbal Communication - correct answers Encompasses all messages that are not spoken or written;
use the five senses (movement, facial and eye expressions, gestures, touch, appearance, & vocalization
or paralanguage); subject to misunderstanding (do not always reflect the senders conscious intent); no
specific beginning or ending; culturally and situationally bound; careful observation is needed; more
accurately indicates a person's intended meaning.
Personal Appearance - correct answers Includes physical characteristics, facial expression, and manner
of dress and grooming; communicates physical well-being, personality, social status, occupation,
religion, culture, and self-concept; patients prefer nurses to have their hair back and off their shoulders
and to not have long fingernails.
Posture and Gait - correct answers Forms of self-expression; the way people sit, stand, and move
reflects attitudes, emotions, self-concept and health status.
Facial Expression - correct answers The face is the most expressive part of the body; conveys emotions
such as surprise, fear, anger, happiness, and sadness.
Eye Contact - correct answers Signals readiness to communicate; shows respect and willingness to
listen; allows people to closely observe one another; some cultures consider it intrusive, threatening, or
harmful and minimize or avoid its use.
Gestures and Sounds - correct answers Emphasize, punctuate, and clarify the spoken word; sighs moans,
groans, or sobs also communicate feelings and thoughts.
Metacommunication - correct answers Refers to all factors that influence communication; the
impossibility of not communicating; one cannot communicate; persons transmit a message about what
is being communicated even when words are not spoken; relationship aspect of communication; reading
between the lines; interpreting communication accurately may be difficult; in group settings may be
called group process; all communication has content and process (content- what is said; process- the
relationship aspect of what is communicated); occurs during every group encounter.
,Effectiveness of Communication - correct answers Steps include: firmly stating the case (make the
content and metacommunication congruent), clarifying the message (must give a complete message,
use "I" statements, and open ended questions), seek feedback (consensual validation), and being
receptive to feedback when receiving it.
Factors of Effective Communication - correct answers Listening, flexibility, silence, humor, touch, and
space.
Listening - correct answers Effective listening is actively focusing attention on the message; ask
questions to explore what is meant; nonverbal communications like eye contact, nodding, maintaining
interpersonal closeness or leaning forward can convey listening; reciprocity is the patterning of similar
activities with in same interval by two people.
Flexibility - correct answers Balance between control and permissiveness; overcontrol- every message is
monitored; exaggerated permissiveness- anything can be communicated in any way; rules are needed
about what is appropriate without rigid prescriptions that inhibit meaningful interchange.
Silence - correct answers Allows individuals to reflect on what is being discussed or experienced; lets
patient know that the nurse is willing to wait until they are ready to say more; provides them with
comfort and support; allows person time to decide when to comment; nurse should make brief
comments that do not demand answers.
Humor - correct answers Relieves tension, reduces aggression and creates a climate of sharing; can also
block communication when it is used to avoid subjects; can also inflict emotional pain and communicate
negative views and stereotypes through teasing and jokes.
Touch - correct answers Form of nonverbal communication; can be expressed by a gentle or soothing
application; evaluation of the context and meaning of touch to the individual is based on knowledge of
that person and the interpretation of feedback.
Space - correct answers Vary depending on type of communication; proxemics- use of space between
communicators; recognition of differences in culture helps the nurse adjust the distance and interpret
the meaning of this nonverbal communication.
, Four Zones of Space - correct answers 1. Intimate- 0- 18 inches; high interpersonal communication like
performing physical assessment.
2. Personal- 18 inches- 4 feet; close relationships; might include touching; like sitting at a patients
bedside.
3. Social-consultative- 9-12 feet; less intimate; requires louder verbal communication; like giving
directions in the hallway.
4. Public- 12 feet; used for formal gatherings like giving a lecture to a class of students.
Helping or Therapeutic Relationship - correct answers A process through which one person promotes
the development of another person by fostering the latter's maturation, adaptation, integrating
openness and ability to find meaning in the present situation; emerges from purposeful encounters
characterized by effective communication; nurse respects the individuals values, attends to concerns,
and promotes positive change by encouraging self-expression, exploring behavior patterns and
outcomes, and promoting self help; is the foundation of clinical nursing practice.
Purposeful Communication - correct answers The nurse focuses communication toward a particular
goal; there should be some purpose to the communication; goals guide the nurse in focusing
communication.
Rapport - correct answers A harmony and an affinity between people in a relationship; be genuine,
open, and concerned.
Trust - correct answers The reliance on a person to carry out responsibilities and promises; based on a
sense of safety, honesty, and reliability; promote trust by modeling and structuring the relationship
appropriately; strategies: be consistent, and clearly define relationship.
Empathy - correct answers The ability to understand another's feelings without losing personal identity
and perspective; draw on emotions and experiences that enable them to place themselves in the other
person's situation; use clinical and personal experience; don't shift focus onto yourself (e.g. "I know
exactly how you feel; that happened to me once"); enables the listener to share human experiences as
the basis for providing care.
Goal Direction - correct answers Helping relationship exists solely to meet some need or to promote the
growth of the recipient; relationship is centered on the recipient; goals are formulated as desired
individual behaviors; short term goals are any that last from 10 days to 2 weeks anything longer is long
term.
