Chemistry 100-Exam 2-Study Guide Questions With Correct Detailed Answers

Protons and Neutrons make up the? - correct answers Nucleus Masses and charges are? - correct answers Subatomic Particles Mass (kg): 1.67262 x 10^-27 Mass (amu): 1.0073 Charge: 1+ - correct answers Proton Mass (kg): 1.67493 x 10^-27 Mass (amu): 1.0087 Charge: 0 - correct answers Neutron Mass (kg): 0.00091 x 10^-27 Mass (amu): 0.00055 Charge: 1- - correct answers Electron Left side of the periodic table, makes up 75% of the periodic table - correct answers Metals Occupy upper right side of the periodic table - correct answers Nonmetals Lie along the zigzag diagonal line dividing metals and nonmetals; also known as semimetals - correct answers Metalloids Reading from left to right on periodic table; also known as rows - correct answers Periods Reading from top to bottom on periodic table; also known as columns - correct answers Groups Group 1 is known as the ______________. Has a charge of ________. - correct answers Alkali Metals +1 Group 2 is known as the _____________. Has a charge of ______. - correct answers Alkaline Earth Metals +2 Group 7 is known as the ____________. Has a charge of _______. - correct answers Halogens -1 Group 8 is known as the ____________. Has a charge of _______. - correct answers Noble Gases 0 Number of protons minus number of electrons equals? - correct answers Ion charge Metals are what type of ion? - correct answers Cation Nonmetals are what type of ion? - correct answers Anion Valence electrons are found where on the periodic table? - correct answers Group number Protons same; neutrons different - correct answers Isotopes Average Atomic Mass Formula - correct answers (first percentage x first mass) + (second percentage x second mass) How many electrons are in Br-1? - correct answers Atomic number=35 -1 means add 1 35+1 =36 36 electrons How many electrons are in Ca+2? - correct answers Atomic number=20 +2 means subtract 2 20-2=18 18 electrons All samples of a given compound have the same proportions of their constituent elements. Mass ratio= big number/little number - correct answers Law of Constant Composition Indicates the elements present in the compound and the relative number of atoms of each element. Example: H2O - correct answers Chemical Formula Actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule. Example: Hydrogen Peroxide is H2O2 - correct answers Molecular Formula Simplest whole-number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound. Example: Hydrogen Peroxide is HO - correct answers Empirical Formula Uses lines to represent chemical bonds and shows how the atoms in a molecule are connected to each other. Example: Hydrogen Peroxide is H--O--O--H - correct answers Structural Formula Represent atoms as balls and chemical bonds as sticks. - correct answers Ball-and-stick Model Atoms fill the space between each other to more closely represent our best idea for how a molecule might appear if we could scale it to a visible size. - correct answers Space-filling Model Has no subscript - correct answers Atomic Elements Has a subscript - correct answers Molecular Elements Two or more nonmetals - correct answers Molecular Compounds One nonmetal and one metal - correct answers Ionic Compounds Basic unit of ionic compounds - correct answers Formula Unit Mono means? - correct answers One Di means? - correct answers Two Tri means? - correct answers Three Tetra means? - correct answers Four Penta means? - correct answers Five Hexa means? - correct answers Six Hepta means? - correct answers Seven Octa means? - correct answers Eight Nona means? - correct answers Nine Deca means? - correct answers Ten Hydrogen + Nonmetal; two elements only; starts with hydro- and ends with -ic - correct answers Binary Acid Hydrogen + Nonmetal + Oxygen; Does NOT start with hydro- -ate becomes -ic -ite becomes -ous Example: Sulfite--Sulfurous - correct answers Oxyacid How to solve Formula Mass for Al2(SO4)3 - correct answers Al= 2 x 26.98 (26.98 is atomic mass) S= 3 x 32.07 (32.07 is atomic mass) O= 12 x 16.00 (16.00 is atomic mass) Add multiplication answers together to find the formula mass. Type of energy that travels through space at a constant speed of 3.0 x 10^8 m/s (186,000 mi/s) - correct answers Electromagnetic Radiation Waves Height of the wave - correct answers Amplitude Distance of the wave (Upside down y) - correct answers Wavelength Number of waves (v) - correct answers Frequency Entire range of electromagnetic radiation E = h c/y ---- E & y are opposites (E rises, y lowers) E = hv ------ E & v remain the same (E rises, v rises) h=constant