Nursing Health Assessment
APEA Exam 2 Q&A (Exam Prep)
2026 A+ Study Guide
The nurse is assessing a fairskinned caucasian woman
with red hair and freckled skin. During health promotion,
the nurse should focus on which of the following topics?
A) management of dry skin
B) susceptibility to brusing
C) risk of fungal infection
D) risk of sun exposure
Solution: D) risk of sun exposure
The nurse is performing an assessment of a client
admitted to the er in status asthmaticus. The nurse should
carefully inspect which part of the body in an effort to
differentiate central cyanosis?
A) nail beds
B) sclerae
C) palms
D) oral mucosa
Solution: D) oral mucosa
A 45 year old african american client comes to the clinic
complaining of fatigue, thirst , and frequent urination.
During the exam the nurse notices areas of
hyperpigmentation around the neck and in the axillae.
Which of the following should the nurse do next?
A)document the findings
B) perform a blood sugar test
C) ask the client about a family history of cancer
D)refer the client for a medical follow up
Solution: B) perform a medical followup
1
,An older adult female client is concerned because her skin
is dry. She asks the nurse why she has dry skin when she
never had dry skin before. The nurse responds to the
client based on the understanding that dry skin is normal
with aging due to a decrease of what?
A) squamous cell
B) sweat glands
C) subcutaneous tissue
D) sebum production
Solution: D) sebum production
The nurses assessment of an adult client reveals the
presence of excessive hair on her face and chest. The
nurse should plan further evaluation of which body system?
A)endocrine
B)neurologic
C) cardiovascular
D) genitourinary
Solution: A) endocrine
During an integumentary assessment, the nurse notes
that the client's fingernails are very thin and concave. The
nurse knows the client needs medical follow-up for further
assessment to rule out which condition?
A) diabetes mellitus
B) iron deficiency anemia
C) vitamin a deficiency
D) peripheral vascular disease
Solution: B) iron deficiency anemia
In which health condition would the nurse most likely
expect to assess a capillary refill time that is longer than 2
seconds?
A) psoriasis
B) multiple sclerosis
C) malignant melanoma
D) peripheral vascular disease
2
,Solution: D) peripheral vascular disease
A nurse has been asked to assess an older adult resident
of a long-term care facility. During assessment of the
resident's skin, the nurse notes a break in the skin,
erythema, and a small amount of serosanguineous
drainage over the resident's sacrum. Inspection reveals
that the area appears blister-like. The nurse should
interpret this finding as indicating which stage of pressure
ulcer?
A) stage i
B) stage ii
C) stage iii
D) stage iv
Solution: B) stage ii
A 15-year-old boy shows the school nurse a ibumpi on his
neck. The nurse observes a raised, erythematous, solid,
0.3-cm by 0.2-cm mass. The nurse would document the
presence of which of the following?
A) macule
B) papule c) nodule d) pustule
Solution: B) papule
While inspecting the skin of an older adult client, the nurse
notes multiple small, flat, reddish-purple macules. The
nurse should recognize the presence of which of the
following?
A) purpura
B) petechiae
C) ecchymosis
D) cherry angioma
Solution: B) petechiae
A client has sought care because he is concerned that a
mole on his scalp may be evidence of skin cancer. During
assessment using the mnemonic abcde, which finding
3
, would the nurse identify as being most suggestive of
melanoma?
A) solid, dark brown color
B) asymmetric, irregular borders
C) diameter of 3 mm
D) flat with silvery scales
Solution: B) asymmetric, irregular borders
An older adult client reports that he is experiencing severe
trunk pain and is concerned that me might have shingles.
Which type of lesion would the nurse most likely assess?
A) papule
B) vesicle
C) bulla
D) crust
Solution: B) vesicle
The nurse notes multiple elevated masses with irregular
transient borders that are superficial, raised, and
erythematous in a client who complains of an itching rash.
Which question would be most important for the nurse to
ask?
A) are you allergic to foods, medications, or other
substances?
B) does anyone else in your family have a rash like this?
C) how painful is your rash?
D) what have you been doing to control the itching?
Solution: A) are you allergic to foods, medications, or
other substances?
A client's history reveals that he has been taking oral
steroid therapy for several years for the treatment of an
autoimmune disorder. During assessment, the nurse
would expect the client's skin to have what characteristic?
A) increased thickness and hair loss
B) increased thinness
C) pallor
4
APEA Exam 2 Q&A (Exam Prep)
2026 A+ Study Guide
The nurse is assessing a fairskinned caucasian woman
with red hair and freckled skin. During health promotion,
the nurse should focus on which of the following topics?
A) management of dry skin
B) susceptibility to brusing
C) risk of fungal infection
D) risk of sun exposure
Solution: D) risk of sun exposure
The nurse is performing an assessment of a client
admitted to the er in status asthmaticus. The nurse should
carefully inspect which part of the body in an effort to
differentiate central cyanosis?
A) nail beds
B) sclerae
C) palms
D) oral mucosa
Solution: D) oral mucosa
A 45 year old african american client comes to the clinic
complaining of fatigue, thirst , and frequent urination.
During the exam the nurse notices areas of
hyperpigmentation around the neck and in the axillae.
Which of the following should the nurse do next?
A)document the findings
B) perform a blood sugar test
C) ask the client about a family history of cancer
D)refer the client for a medical follow up
Solution: B) perform a medical followup
1
,An older adult female client is concerned because her skin
is dry. She asks the nurse why she has dry skin when she
never had dry skin before. The nurse responds to the
client based on the understanding that dry skin is normal
with aging due to a decrease of what?
A) squamous cell
B) sweat glands
C) subcutaneous tissue
D) sebum production
Solution: D) sebum production
The nurses assessment of an adult client reveals the
presence of excessive hair on her face and chest. The
nurse should plan further evaluation of which body system?
A)endocrine
B)neurologic
C) cardiovascular
D) genitourinary
Solution: A) endocrine
During an integumentary assessment, the nurse notes
that the client's fingernails are very thin and concave. The
nurse knows the client needs medical follow-up for further
assessment to rule out which condition?
A) diabetes mellitus
B) iron deficiency anemia
C) vitamin a deficiency
D) peripheral vascular disease
Solution: B) iron deficiency anemia
In which health condition would the nurse most likely
expect to assess a capillary refill time that is longer than 2
seconds?
A) psoriasis
B) multiple sclerosis
C) malignant melanoma
D) peripheral vascular disease
2
,Solution: D) peripheral vascular disease
A nurse has been asked to assess an older adult resident
of a long-term care facility. During assessment of the
resident's skin, the nurse notes a break in the skin,
erythema, and a small amount of serosanguineous
drainage over the resident's sacrum. Inspection reveals
that the area appears blister-like. The nurse should
interpret this finding as indicating which stage of pressure
ulcer?
A) stage i
B) stage ii
C) stage iii
D) stage iv
Solution: B) stage ii
A 15-year-old boy shows the school nurse a ibumpi on his
neck. The nurse observes a raised, erythematous, solid,
0.3-cm by 0.2-cm mass. The nurse would document the
presence of which of the following?
A) macule
B) papule c) nodule d) pustule
Solution: B) papule
While inspecting the skin of an older adult client, the nurse
notes multiple small, flat, reddish-purple macules. The
nurse should recognize the presence of which of the
following?
A) purpura
B) petechiae
C) ecchymosis
D) cherry angioma
Solution: B) petechiae
A client has sought care because he is concerned that a
mole on his scalp may be evidence of skin cancer. During
assessment using the mnemonic abcde, which finding
3
, would the nurse identify as being most suggestive of
melanoma?
A) solid, dark brown color
B) asymmetric, irregular borders
C) diameter of 3 mm
D) flat with silvery scales
Solution: B) asymmetric, irregular borders
An older adult client reports that he is experiencing severe
trunk pain and is concerned that me might have shingles.
Which type of lesion would the nurse most likely assess?
A) papule
B) vesicle
C) bulla
D) crust
Solution: B) vesicle
The nurse notes multiple elevated masses with irregular
transient borders that are superficial, raised, and
erythematous in a client who complains of an itching rash.
Which question would be most important for the nurse to
ask?
A) are you allergic to foods, medications, or other
substances?
B) does anyone else in your family have a rash like this?
C) how painful is your rash?
D) what have you been doing to control the itching?
Solution: A) are you allergic to foods, medications, or
other substances?
A client's history reveals that he has been taking oral
steroid therapy for several years for the treatment of an
autoimmune disorder. During assessment, the nurse
would expect the client's skin to have what characteristic?
A) increased thickness and hair loss
B) increased thinness
C) pallor
4
