NUR 304- Med/Surg - Exam 4 Study
Guide Questions with Complete
Solutions 2025-2026 Updated.
________________ is a condition in which the hemoglobin concentration is lower than normal,
reflecting the presence of fewer than the normal number of erythrocytes within the circulatory
system. - Answer Anemia
A healthy person can often tolerate as much as _____% gradual reduction in hemoglobin
without pronounced symptoms or significant incapacity. - Answer 50%
General complications of severe anemia include _____________ , _______________ , and
______________ . - Answer heart failure, paresthesias, delirium
The overall prevalence of anemia increases with age, from ______% in persons aged 65 to 69, to
_______% in persons over age 85. - Answer 4 - 6% ,
13 - 14 %
A _____________ assessment should be preformed for patients with known megaloblastic
anemia. - Answer neurologic
____________ and ___________ should not be taken with iron preparations, because they
greatly diminish the absorption of iron. - Answer antacids, dairy products
____________ _____________ is a rare disease caused by a decrease in or damage to marrow
stem cells, damage to the microenvironment within the marrow, or replacement of the marrow
with fat. - Answer aplastic anemia
Chronic use of ________________ to reduce gastric acid production can inhibit B12 absorption,
as can the use of ______________ in managing diabetes. - Answer Proton pump inhibitors
(PPIs), metformin (Glucocphage)
Assessment of patients who have or are at risk for megaloblastic anemia includes inspection of
the ______________ , ______________ , and ________________ . - Answer skin, mucous
membranes, tongue
________________ is a severe hemolytic anemia that results from inheritance of the sickle
hemoglobin gene, which causes the hemoglobin molecule to be defective. - Answer sickle
cell disease
, _____________ is a controversial treatment strategy that treats DIC by interrupting the
thrombosis process. - Answer Heparin infusion
When the patient has anemia, what medical management goal will the nurse assist the patient
and health care team in achieving? - Answer correcting or controlling the cause of anemia
Describe how anemia impacts the older adult patient (5) - Answer 1) decreased mobility /
fall risk
2) increased depression
3) delirium
5) HR and CO do not increase as quickly; thus fatigue, dyspnea, & confusion seen earlier
When the nurse is educating the patient and family about a healthy diet for the treatment or
iron deficiency anemia, who and what should be included? - Answer Additional amounts of
iron (up to 2 mg daily) must be absorbed by childbearing age women to replace lost in
menstruation
What are the four most common causes of iron deficiency anemia in men and postmenopausal
women? - Answer 1) Bleeding from ulcers
2) Gastritis
3) Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
4) GI tumors
What chemical agents may be responsible for producing bone marrow aplasia? - Answer 1)
Benzene and Benzene Derivatives (airplane gel, paint remover, and dry-cleaning solution)
2) Toxic Materials (inorganic arsenic, glycol ethers, plutonium, and radon)
What diagnostic findings are present in patients who have sickle cell trait vs those present in
patients who have sickle cell disease? - Answer Sickle cell Trait: normal hgb, hemat, and
blood smear
Sickle cell Disease: low hemat, and sickled cells on smear (Dx is confirmed by hgb
electrophoresis)
What are 6 situations in which the transfusion of red blood cells (RBCs) is highly effective? -
Answer 1) acute exacerbation of anemia
2) prevention of complications post-op
3) improving infection response
Guide Questions with Complete
Solutions 2025-2026 Updated.
________________ is a condition in which the hemoglobin concentration is lower than normal,
reflecting the presence of fewer than the normal number of erythrocytes within the circulatory
system. - Answer Anemia
A healthy person can often tolerate as much as _____% gradual reduction in hemoglobin
without pronounced symptoms or significant incapacity. - Answer 50%
General complications of severe anemia include _____________ , _______________ , and
______________ . - Answer heart failure, paresthesias, delirium
The overall prevalence of anemia increases with age, from ______% in persons aged 65 to 69, to
_______% in persons over age 85. - Answer 4 - 6% ,
13 - 14 %
A _____________ assessment should be preformed for patients with known megaloblastic
anemia. - Answer neurologic
____________ and ___________ should not be taken with iron preparations, because they
greatly diminish the absorption of iron. - Answer antacids, dairy products
____________ _____________ is a rare disease caused by a decrease in or damage to marrow
stem cells, damage to the microenvironment within the marrow, or replacement of the marrow
with fat. - Answer aplastic anemia
Chronic use of ________________ to reduce gastric acid production can inhibit B12 absorption,
as can the use of ______________ in managing diabetes. - Answer Proton pump inhibitors
(PPIs), metformin (Glucocphage)
Assessment of patients who have or are at risk for megaloblastic anemia includes inspection of
the ______________ , ______________ , and ________________ . - Answer skin, mucous
membranes, tongue
________________ is a severe hemolytic anemia that results from inheritance of the sickle
hemoglobin gene, which causes the hemoglobin molecule to be defective. - Answer sickle
cell disease
, _____________ is a controversial treatment strategy that treats DIC by interrupting the
thrombosis process. - Answer Heparin infusion
When the patient has anemia, what medical management goal will the nurse assist the patient
and health care team in achieving? - Answer correcting or controlling the cause of anemia
Describe how anemia impacts the older adult patient (5) - Answer 1) decreased mobility /
fall risk
2) increased depression
3) delirium
5) HR and CO do not increase as quickly; thus fatigue, dyspnea, & confusion seen earlier
When the nurse is educating the patient and family about a healthy diet for the treatment or
iron deficiency anemia, who and what should be included? - Answer Additional amounts of
iron (up to 2 mg daily) must be absorbed by childbearing age women to replace lost in
menstruation
What are the four most common causes of iron deficiency anemia in men and postmenopausal
women? - Answer 1) Bleeding from ulcers
2) Gastritis
3) Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
4) GI tumors
What chemical agents may be responsible for producing bone marrow aplasia? - Answer 1)
Benzene and Benzene Derivatives (airplane gel, paint remover, and dry-cleaning solution)
2) Toxic Materials (inorganic arsenic, glycol ethers, plutonium, and radon)
What diagnostic findings are present in patients who have sickle cell trait vs those present in
patients who have sickle cell disease? - Answer Sickle cell Trait: normal hgb, hemat, and
blood smear
Sickle cell Disease: low hemat, and sickled cells on smear (Dx is confirmed by hgb
electrophoresis)
What are 6 situations in which the transfusion of red blood cells (RBCs) is highly effective? -
Answer 1) acute exacerbation of anemia
2) prevention of complications post-op
3) improving infection response
