Vocabulary
4 – The names of English language words apart blad (digitap)
A. The names of basic parts of speech
● Article → a, the
● Noun → student, book
● Adjective → good, hard-working
● Verb → works, enjoys
● Adverb → hard, at
● Preposition → at, on, in
● Conjunction → and, but, or
● Pronoun → she, he, it
● Gerund → learning, reading (verb + -ing used as a noun)
B. Words relating to nouns
● Artist = countable noun → has plural (artists)
● Beauty = uncountable noun
● Subject = who/what does the verb → Artist loves beauty
● Object = who/what is affected → Artist loves beauty
C. Words relating to verbs
Verb forms:
● Infinitive → go
● -ing form → going
● Past participle → gone
● Past tense → went
● Go is irregular (go–went–gone)
● Live is regular (live–lived–lived)
● Intransitive = no object → Has Luis gone?
● Transitive = followed by an object → Make something
D. Words relating to the construction of words
● Prefix: goes in front (e.g. ir- in irregularity)
● Root: main part (regular)
● Suffix: goes at the end (-ity)
● Antonym = opposite (thin ↔ fat)
● Synonym = similar meaning (slim ↔ thin)
● Word family = set of words with the same root (word, wordy, to reword)
● Phrase = group of words without a main verb (in a word)
● Sentence = has a main verb, starts with capital, ends with . ? !
E. Words relating to pronunciation
● Syllable = smallest sound unit with one vowel + surrounding consonants.
● Example: monosyllabic has 5 syllables → stress on the 4th.
F. Words and their associations
● Style: formal vs informal (colloquial = casual speech)
● Positive associations: He’s a nice guy.
● Negative associations (pejorative): Pig-headed
● Collocations = words that often go together → heavy rain, ginger hair
G. Words describing punctuation
. = full stop - = hyphen “ ” = inverted ; = semi-colon : = colon ! = exclamation
commas mark
, , = comma () = brackets ? = question ’ = apostrophe CAPS block capitals
mark
chapters 70, 71, 72, 7, 8, 10, 11 and 12 blue book (self-study)
chapter 7: describing people - appearance
chapter 8: describing people - personality
a) intellectual ability
Engels Betekenis (Nederlands)
Intelligent intelligent
Bright pienter, slim
Clever snel iets begrijpen of leren
Sharp alert, scherpzinnig
Shrewd slim met goed oordeel
Able bekwaam
Gifted begaafd
Talented getalenteerd
Brainy heel slim, intellectueel
Stupid dom
Foolish dwaas
Simple eenvoudig, niet slim
Brainless hersenloos, dom
Daft gek, dwaas
Dumb dom, niet slim
Dim niet slim, wazig
Thick dom, traag van begrip
Cunning sluw, slim op een oneerlijke manier
Crafty handig, bedreven (soms oneerlijk)
Sly achterbaks, niet eerlijk
b) attitude towards life
Engels Betekenis
Pessimistic negatief ingesteld
Optimistic positief ingesteld
Extroverted open, sociaal
Introverted gesloten, in zichzelf gekeerd
Tense gespannen
Wound up nerveus, gestrest
Relaxed ontspannen
Sensible verstandig
Down-to-earth nuchter, praktisch
Sensitive gevoelig
Upset van streek
Worked up opgewonden, overstuur
4 – The names of English language words apart blad (digitap)
A. The names of basic parts of speech
● Article → a, the
● Noun → student, book
● Adjective → good, hard-working
● Verb → works, enjoys
● Adverb → hard, at
● Preposition → at, on, in
● Conjunction → and, but, or
● Pronoun → she, he, it
● Gerund → learning, reading (verb + -ing used as a noun)
B. Words relating to nouns
● Artist = countable noun → has plural (artists)
● Beauty = uncountable noun
● Subject = who/what does the verb → Artist loves beauty
● Object = who/what is affected → Artist loves beauty
C. Words relating to verbs
Verb forms:
● Infinitive → go
● -ing form → going
● Past participle → gone
● Past tense → went
● Go is irregular (go–went–gone)
● Live is regular (live–lived–lived)
● Intransitive = no object → Has Luis gone?
● Transitive = followed by an object → Make something
D. Words relating to the construction of words
● Prefix: goes in front (e.g. ir- in irregularity)
● Root: main part (regular)
● Suffix: goes at the end (-ity)
● Antonym = opposite (thin ↔ fat)
● Synonym = similar meaning (slim ↔ thin)
● Word family = set of words with the same root (word, wordy, to reword)
● Phrase = group of words without a main verb (in a word)
● Sentence = has a main verb, starts with capital, ends with . ? !
E. Words relating to pronunciation
● Syllable = smallest sound unit with one vowel + surrounding consonants.
● Example: monosyllabic has 5 syllables → stress on the 4th.
F. Words and their associations
● Style: formal vs informal (colloquial = casual speech)
● Positive associations: He’s a nice guy.
● Negative associations (pejorative): Pig-headed
● Collocations = words that often go together → heavy rain, ginger hair
G. Words describing punctuation
. = full stop - = hyphen “ ” = inverted ; = semi-colon : = colon ! = exclamation
commas mark
, , = comma () = brackets ? = question ’ = apostrophe CAPS block capitals
mark
chapters 70, 71, 72, 7, 8, 10, 11 and 12 blue book (self-study)
chapter 7: describing people - appearance
chapter 8: describing people - personality
a) intellectual ability
Engels Betekenis (Nederlands)
Intelligent intelligent
Bright pienter, slim
Clever snel iets begrijpen of leren
Sharp alert, scherpzinnig
Shrewd slim met goed oordeel
Able bekwaam
Gifted begaafd
Talented getalenteerd
Brainy heel slim, intellectueel
Stupid dom
Foolish dwaas
Simple eenvoudig, niet slim
Brainless hersenloos, dom
Daft gek, dwaas
Dumb dom, niet slim
Dim niet slim, wazig
Thick dom, traag van begrip
Cunning sluw, slim op een oneerlijke manier
Crafty handig, bedreven (soms oneerlijk)
Sly achterbaks, niet eerlijk
b) attitude towards life
Engels Betekenis
Pessimistic negatief ingesteld
Optimistic positief ingesteld
Extroverted open, sociaal
Introverted gesloten, in zichzelf gekeerd
Tense gespannen
Wound up nerveus, gestrest
Relaxed ontspannen
Sensible verstandig
Down-to-earth nuchter, praktisch
Sensitive gevoelig
Upset van streek
Worked up opgewonden, overstuur
