HNF 150 FINAL PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS
WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥ Protein. Answer: compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen,
and nitrogen and arranged as strands of amino acids.
⩥ Amino acid side chains. Answer: Valine - 3 carbon
Leucine - 4 carbon
Tyrosine - 7 carbon
⩥ Amino acids:. Answer: are the building blocks of protein
⩥ State the different paths an amino acid can take once it is in a cell.
Answer: - The amino acid can be used as is to build part of a growing
protein
- Make another needed compound, such as the vitamin niacin
- Make another type of amino acid
- Convert to glucose and burned as energy or stored as glycogen
- Convert to fat and burned for energy or stored in adipose tissue
⩥ Amino Acid Side Chains. Answer: Size
Shape
,Electrical charge
⩥ 3 Amino Acids. Answer: Valine
Leucine
Tyrosine
⩥ Polypeptide. Answer: protein fragments of many (more than 10)
amino acids bonded together (Poly means "many").
⩥ Dipeptide. Answer: protein fragments that are two amino acids long
(di means "two")
⩥ Tripeptide. Answer: protein fragments that are 3 amino acids long (tri
means"three")
⩥ HCl. Answer: a strong corrosive acid of hydrogen and chloride atoms,
produced by the stomach to assist in digestion. Denatures protein→
uncoils the strands
⩥ Electrolyte balance:. Answer: the distribution of fluid and dissolved
particles among body compartments
⩥ Enzyme:. Answer: proteins that facilitate chemical reactions without
being changed in the process; protein catalysts.
, ⩥ Edema:. Answer: swelling of body tissue caused by leakage of fluid
from the blood vessels; seen in protein deficiency (among other
conditions).
⩥ Limiting amino acid. Answer: an essential amino acid that is present
in dietary protein in an insufficient amount, thereby limiting the body's
ability to build protein.
⩥ 7 Roles of Protein. Answer: 1. Supporting growth and maintenance
2. Building enzymes, hormones, and other compounds
3. Transport and reddit recognition proteins
4. Building antibodies
5. Maintaining acid base balance
6. Maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance
7. Energy (and energy storage)
⩥ Protein synthesis:. Answer: the sequence of our protein determined by
our genes
⩥ Where does chemical digestion of protein begin?. Answer: In the
stomach when acid denatures the protein
WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥ Protein. Answer: compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen,
and nitrogen and arranged as strands of amino acids.
⩥ Amino acid side chains. Answer: Valine - 3 carbon
Leucine - 4 carbon
Tyrosine - 7 carbon
⩥ Amino acids:. Answer: are the building blocks of protein
⩥ State the different paths an amino acid can take once it is in a cell.
Answer: - The amino acid can be used as is to build part of a growing
protein
- Make another needed compound, such as the vitamin niacin
- Make another type of amino acid
- Convert to glucose and burned as energy or stored as glycogen
- Convert to fat and burned for energy or stored in adipose tissue
⩥ Amino Acid Side Chains. Answer: Size
Shape
,Electrical charge
⩥ 3 Amino Acids. Answer: Valine
Leucine
Tyrosine
⩥ Polypeptide. Answer: protein fragments of many (more than 10)
amino acids bonded together (Poly means "many").
⩥ Dipeptide. Answer: protein fragments that are two amino acids long
(di means "two")
⩥ Tripeptide. Answer: protein fragments that are 3 amino acids long (tri
means"three")
⩥ HCl. Answer: a strong corrosive acid of hydrogen and chloride atoms,
produced by the stomach to assist in digestion. Denatures protein→
uncoils the strands
⩥ Electrolyte balance:. Answer: the distribution of fluid and dissolved
particles among body compartments
⩥ Enzyme:. Answer: proteins that facilitate chemical reactions without
being changed in the process; protein catalysts.
, ⩥ Edema:. Answer: swelling of body tissue caused by leakage of fluid
from the blood vessels; seen in protein deficiency (among other
conditions).
⩥ Limiting amino acid. Answer: an essential amino acid that is present
in dietary protein in an insufficient amount, thereby limiting the body's
ability to build protein.
⩥ 7 Roles of Protein. Answer: 1. Supporting growth and maintenance
2. Building enzymes, hormones, and other compounds
3. Transport and reddit recognition proteins
4. Building antibodies
5. Maintaining acid base balance
6. Maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance
7. Energy (and energy storage)
⩥ Protein synthesis:. Answer: the sequence of our protein determined by
our genes
⩥ Where does chemical digestion of protein begin?. Answer: In the
stomach when acid denatures the protein
