1|Page
HESI A2 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY-LATEST
ACTUAL QUESTIONS WITH PERFECT SOLUTIONS
2026
What is the function of the heart? - correct-answer -Sends blood to lungs for
oxygenation through the pulmonary circuit & to the remainder of the body
through the systemic circuit.
Where is blood received in the heart? - correct-answer -Blood is received in the
atria
Where is blood pumped into circulation in the heart? - correct-answer -The
ventricles
Which valve is on the right side of the heart? - correct-answer -Tricuspid
Which valve is on the left side of the heart? - correct-answer -Bicuspid
Where are the semilunar valves in the heart? - correct-answer -Found at the
entrances of the pulmonary trunk and the aorta.
,2|Page
What supplies blood to the myocardium? - correct-answer -The coronary arteries
Where does blood drain to from the myocardium? - correct-answer -Directly into
the right atrium through the coronary sinus.
Where is the heart beat initiated? - correct-answer -By the sinoatrial node and
transmitted along a conduction system through the myocardium
What is a cardiac cycle? - correct-answer -The period from the end of the next
ventricular contraction to the end of the next ventricular contraction.
What is the name for the contraction phase of the cardiac cycle? - correct-answer
-Systole
What is the name for the relaxation phase of the cardiac cycle? - correct-answer -
Diastole
What structures are included in the vascular system? - correct-answer -ateries
,3|Page
veins
capillaries
Where do arteries carry blood? - correct-answer -Toward the heart
Where do veins carry blood? - correct-answer -Away from the heart
What occurs in the capillaries? - correct-answer -Blood and surrounding tissues
exchange water, nutrients, and waste products.
Where do the systemic arteries begin? - correct-answer -With the aorta, which
sends branches to all parts of the body
What happens to arteries as the go further from the heart? - correct-answer -
They become thinner
What is the name for the smallest arteries? - correct-answer -Arterioles
, 4|Page
What are the names of the veins parallel to the arteries? - correct-answer -Carry
the same name as the arteries
Which are the largest veins? - correct-answer -Superior and inferior venae cavae
How is the structure of the walls of arteries? - correct-answer -Thick and elastic in
order to carry blood under high pressure
What are causes vasoconstriction and vasodilation? - correct-answer -The
contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle in the arterial walls.
What does the contraction of smooth muscle in the arterial walls influence? -
correct-answer -Blood pressure and blood distribution to tissues
How is the structure of the veins in comparison to the structure of arteries? -
correct-answer -Thinner and less elastic, as they carry blood under lower pressure
What are the components of the respiratory system? - correct-answer -Nose
HESI A2 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY-LATEST
ACTUAL QUESTIONS WITH PERFECT SOLUTIONS
2026
What is the function of the heart? - correct-answer -Sends blood to lungs for
oxygenation through the pulmonary circuit & to the remainder of the body
through the systemic circuit.
Where is blood received in the heart? - correct-answer -Blood is received in the
atria
Where is blood pumped into circulation in the heart? - correct-answer -The
ventricles
Which valve is on the right side of the heart? - correct-answer -Tricuspid
Which valve is on the left side of the heart? - correct-answer -Bicuspid
Where are the semilunar valves in the heart? - correct-answer -Found at the
entrances of the pulmonary trunk and the aorta.
,2|Page
What supplies blood to the myocardium? - correct-answer -The coronary arteries
Where does blood drain to from the myocardium? - correct-answer -Directly into
the right atrium through the coronary sinus.
Where is the heart beat initiated? - correct-answer -By the sinoatrial node and
transmitted along a conduction system through the myocardium
What is a cardiac cycle? - correct-answer -The period from the end of the next
ventricular contraction to the end of the next ventricular contraction.
What is the name for the contraction phase of the cardiac cycle? - correct-answer
-Systole
What is the name for the relaxation phase of the cardiac cycle? - correct-answer -
Diastole
What structures are included in the vascular system? - correct-answer -ateries
,3|Page
veins
capillaries
Where do arteries carry blood? - correct-answer -Toward the heart
Where do veins carry blood? - correct-answer -Away from the heart
What occurs in the capillaries? - correct-answer -Blood and surrounding tissues
exchange water, nutrients, and waste products.
Where do the systemic arteries begin? - correct-answer -With the aorta, which
sends branches to all parts of the body
What happens to arteries as the go further from the heart? - correct-answer -
They become thinner
What is the name for the smallest arteries? - correct-answer -Arterioles
, 4|Page
What are the names of the veins parallel to the arteries? - correct-answer -Carry
the same name as the arteries
Which are the largest veins? - correct-answer -Superior and inferior venae cavae
How is the structure of the walls of arteries? - correct-answer -Thick and elastic in
order to carry blood under high pressure
What are causes vasoconstriction and vasodilation? - correct-answer -The
contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle in the arterial walls.
What does the contraction of smooth muscle in the arterial walls influence? -
correct-answer -Blood pressure and blood distribution to tissues
How is the structure of the veins in comparison to the structure of arteries? -
correct-answer -Thinner and less elastic, as they carry blood under lower pressure
What are the components of the respiratory system? - correct-answer -Nose
