NURS 306 MIDTERM 280
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS FOR A GUARANTEED
PASS
what side does COPD effect?
the right side of the heart
What is COPD?
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Irreversible decrease in the ability
to force air out of the lungs.
what are the symptoms of COPD?
Shortness of breath, chronic cough, sputum, crackles on left side, JVD and
edema on right side
what are health promotion interventions for a healthy heart?
· Optimal BMI of 18.5 to 24.9
· Salt intake of <6g
· Regular aerobic exercise
· Moderate alcohol consumption
· More than 3500mg of potassium
· Diet rich fruits, veggies, low fat dairy products
· Cessation of smoking
· Optimal BP control
,· Lipid management
what subjective observations are associated with a MI?
o Dyspnea
o Weakness
o Backpain
o Malaise
o Fatigue
o No symptoms
What is dyspnea?
shortness of breath
what subjective observations are associated with dyspnea?
o Fainting
o Coughing
o Fatigue
what is the peripheral vascular system?
part of the circulatory system that consists of the veins and arteries not in
the chest or abdomen (i.e. in the arms, hands, legs and feet).
what are problems with the peripheral vascular system?
· Pain
,· Pallor- color
· Polar- temp
· Pulselessness
· Paralysis - lack of motion
· Paraesthia - tingling
· Perfusion - capillary refill
· intermittent claudication
o hurts at work and feels better at rest
how do you correctly exam the neck vessels?
o Palpate carotid artery
§ One at a time
o Auscultate carotid artery
§ Assess for carotid bruit
§ Keep neck in neutral position
o Assess jugular veing distention
§ Position patient on a 30-45 degree angle
§ Observe for JVD
how do you correctly exam the pericardium?
o Inspect anterior chest
o Palpate
§ apical impulse
§ across precordium
o Auscultate
§ Aortic
§ Pulmonic
, § Erb
§ Tricuspid
§ Mitral
§ Note rate and rhythm,
§ Identify S1 and S2
· S1 systole
o Closure of AV valves
· S2 diastole
o Closure of semilunar valves
§ Listen for extra heart sounds
§ Listen for murmurs
What are abnormal heart sounds?
o S3 turbulent ventricular filling - often due to heart failure of fluid
overload
o S4- atrial kick
o Extra sounds : murmurs
§ Due to velocity of blood increases
§ Viscosity of blood decrease
§ Structural defects in valves
what is JVD?
jugular vein distention -- bulging of the neck veins
what are symptoms of JVD?
o Caused by heart failure
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS FOR A GUARANTEED
PASS
what side does COPD effect?
the right side of the heart
What is COPD?
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Irreversible decrease in the ability
to force air out of the lungs.
what are the symptoms of COPD?
Shortness of breath, chronic cough, sputum, crackles on left side, JVD and
edema on right side
what are health promotion interventions for a healthy heart?
· Optimal BMI of 18.5 to 24.9
· Salt intake of <6g
· Regular aerobic exercise
· Moderate alcohol consumption
· More than 3500mg of potassium
· Diet rich fruits, veggies, low fat dairy products
· Cessation of smoking
· Optimal BP control
,· Lipid management
what subjective observations are associated with a MI?
o Dyspnea
o Weakness
o Backpain
o Malaise
o Fatigue
o No symptoms
What is dyspnea?
shortness of breath
what subjective observations are associated with dyspnea?
o Fainting
o Coughing
o Fatigue
what is the peripheral vascular system?
part of the circulatory system that consists of the veins and arteries not in
the chest or abdomen (i.e. in the arms, hands, legs and feet).
what are problems with the peripheral vascular system?
· Pain
,· Pallor- color
· Polar- temp
· Pulselessness
· Paralysis - lack of motion
· Paraesthia - tingling
· Perfusion - capillary refill
· intermittent claudication
o hurts at work and feels better at rest
how do you correctly exam the neck vessels?
o Palpate carotid artery
§ One at a time
o Auscultate carotid artery
§ Assess for carotid bruit
§ Keep neck in neutral position
o Assess jugular veing distention
§ Position patient on a 30-45 degree angle
§ Observe for JVD
how do you correctly exam the pericardium?
o Inspect anterior chest
o Palpate
§ apical impulse
§ across precordium
o Auscultate
§ Aortic
§ Pulmonic
, § Erb
§ Tricuspid
§ Mitral
§ Note rate and rhythm,
§ Identify S1 and S2
· S1 systole
o Closure of AV valves
· S2 diastole
o Closure of semilunar valves
§ Listen for extra heart sounds
§ Listen for murmurs
What are abnormal heart sounds?
o S3 turbulent ventricular filling - often due to heart failure of fluid
overload
o S4- atrial kick
o Extra sounds : murmurs
§ Due to velocity of blood increases
§ Viscosity of blood decrease
§ Structural defects in valves
what is JVD?
jugular vein distention -- bulging of the neck veins
what are symptoms of JVD?
o Caused by heart failure
