Cogs 115 Midterm
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fvz67f
1. Lecture 1
2. Any process requiring information processing Cognition
within a
complex (neural) system, resulting in state
changes that
contribute towards action or re-presentation
3. Developmental psychologists want to know... -How to characterize
these behaviors?
• Details: "Uses language"
isn't specific enough
• Hard to infer and
specifically describe what
changed!
- How does change oc-
cur?
• Same in human & oth-
er apes? Primates? Mam-
mals?
• Same in all children, or
variable?
• Why does it sometimes
go wrong?
4. origins in cognitive developmental Nativism
science
5. _______ usually say nothing about biology, or Nativists
make
vague reference (e.g., evolution) without
knowing basic
facts about dev bio that should constrain the-
ory
6. How many kinds of cells, neurons, neurotrans- Cells: not just neurons,
mitters, glia
receptors, etc., in the brain? Neurons: anterior horn,
, Cogs 115 Midterm
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fvz67f
basket, bipolar, climbing,
dendritic, Golgi I and
II, granule (several), mi-
tral, mossy, pseudo-unipo-
lar, Purkinje,
pyramidal, RGCs, spindle,
spiny ...
Neurotransmitters:
-Ach; Da, 5-HT, Ne, Epi
-Amino acids: Glu, GABA,
Asp, D-serine, Glycine,;
Peptides (P, Y,
opioids); Steroid hor-
mones (Est; Test)
-Light
7. How many neurons? 86b (in adult males)
8. Organizational principle: Conservation
- Conservation across species (e.g., propor-
tion of cortical to Conservation
cerebellar neurons)
- Conservation across structures
ex: 7TMR or GPCR proteins...
- 7 trans-membrane receptor or G Protein Cou-
pled Receptors
9. 7 Trans-Membrane Receptors (7TMR) or chemosensation
GPCRs: autonomic response
•In ALL animals. Functions: Vision, homeostasis
_______________ , mood, arousal, inflamma-
tion, _________ ___________ , ___________
(e.g., H2O), motor response (worms)
10. 7 Trans-Membrane Receptors (7TMR) or
GPCRs:
• Ligands: DA (dopamine), 5HT (serotonin), Ne
(norepinephrine), GABA, peptides
(e.g., oxytocin), glutamate, histamine, calci-
tonin, light...
, Cogs 115 Midterm
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fvz67f
11. Lecture 2
12. Why is nativism compelling? _______ -specif- Species
ic, early emerging traits, especially language
Ex: some animals show complex behaviors
without
apparent training experience
- Dark-reared animals of some species avoid
a 'visual cliff'
- Stiles (p. 5): studies that "purport to present
evidence of
'core knowledge' in the absence of prior expe-
rience"
13. Problem with species-specific traits: 1
Language:
- Only __ species
- Obviously the particulars are learned
- But maybe some abstract characteristics are universal
_________ and invariant
(largely) __________ (see Stiles p. 4)
- Genetic linkages have been documented in
family-linked
language disorder (FOXP2 point mutation)
14. but: learnable
- Some aspects of language are _________ by
other species
- Haven't converged on what's universal and variability
invariant
• Huge __________ in almost every aspect of
language
15. Interpretation of ball dropping test: Nativist • Shows infants' "core
(innate) knowledge" of
physics: solid objects can't
pass through other ob-
jects
• "Core knowledge,"
, Cogs 115 Midterm
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fvz67f
though a popular idea,
remains vaguely defined
and
rests only on data from
this method
16. Interpretation of ball dropping test: Construc- • Large ball is perceptually
tivist more salient,
• infants have learned to
look longer at more salient
events
• Evidence for perceptual
account: Results are often
fragile
17. Problems with Test: 1. These studies test in-
fants who've been watch-
ing physical
events for months. What's
learned, & when?
2. If infants innately 'un-
derstand' gravity, why do
2-year-olds make this er-
ror?
*Knowledge of how phys-
ical variables constrain
motion is fragile, even in
much older children
18. innate vs. congenital: experience starts at con-
What's so special about birth? ception
19. What counts as "learning?" What we think of as "learn-
ing" is only one type of ex-
perience that can drive de-
velopment
- EXAMPLE: studies of im-
printing (Gottlieb)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fvz67f
1. Lecture 1
2. Any process requiring information processing Cognition
within a
complex (neural) system, resulting in state
changes that
contribute towards action or re-presentation
3. Developmental psychologists want to know... -How to characterize
these behaviors?
• Details: "Uses language"
isn't specific enough
• Hard to infer and
specifically describe what
changed!
- How does change oc-
cur?
• Same in human & oth-
er apes? Primates? Mam-
mals?
• Same in all children, or
variable?
• Why does it sometimes
go wrong?
4. origins in cognitive developmental Nativism
science
5. _______ usually say nothing about biology, or Nativists
make
vague reference (e.g., evolution) without
knowing basic
facts about dev bio that should constrain the-
ory
6. How many kinds of cells, neurons, neurotrans- Cells: not just neurons,
mitters, glia
receptors, etc., in the brain? Neurons: anterior horn,
, Cogs 115 Midterm
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fvz67f
basket, bipolar, climbing,
dendritic, Golgi I and
II, granule (several), mi-
tral, mossy, pseudo-unipo-
lar, Purkinje,
pyramidal, RGCs, spindle,
spiny ...
Neurotransmitters:
-Ach; Da, 5-HT, Ne, Epi
-Amino acids: Glu, GABA,
Asp, D-serine, Glycine,;
Peptides (P, Y,
opioids); Steroid hor-
mones (Est; Test)
-Light
7. How many neurons? 86b (in adult males)
8. Organizational principle: Conservation
- Conservation across species (e.g., propor-
tion of cortical to Conservation
cerebellar neurons)
- Conservation across structures
ex: 7TMR or GPCR proteins...
- 7 trans-membrane receptor or G Protein Cou-
pled Receptors
9. 7 Trans-Membrane Receptors (7TMR) or chemosensation
GPCRs: autonomic response
•In ALL animals. Functions: Vision, homeostasis
_______________ , mood, arousal, inflamma-
tion, _________ ___________ , ___________
(e.g., H2O), motor response (worms)
10. 7 Trans-Membrane Receptors (7TMR) or
GPCRs:
• Ligands: DA (dopamine), 5HT (serotonin), Ne
(norepinephrine), GABA, peptides
(e.g., oxytocin), glutamate, histamine, calci-
tonin, light...
, Cogs 115 Midterm
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fvz67f
11. Lecture 2
12. Why is nativism compelling? _______ -specif- Species
ic, early emerging traits, especially language
Ex: some animals show complex behaviors
without
apparent training experience
- Dark-reared animals of some species avoid
a 'visual cliff'
- Stiles (p. 5): studies that "purport to present
evidence of
'core knowledge' in the absence of prior expe-
rience"
13. Problem with species-specific traits: 1
Language:
- Only __ species
- Obviously the particulars are learned
- But maybe some abstract characteristics are universal
_________ and invariant
(largely) __________ (see Stiles p. 4)
- Genetic linkages have been documented in
family-linked
language disorder (FOXP2 point mutation)
14. but: learnable
- Some aspects of language are _________ by
other species
- Haven't converged on what's universal and variability
invariant
• Huge __________ in almost every aspect of
language
15. Interpretation of ball dropping test: Nativist • Shows infants' "core
(innate) knowledge" of
physics: solid objects can't
pass through other ob-
jects
• "Core knowledge,"
, Cogs 115 Midterm
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fvz67f
though a popular idea,
remains vaguely defined
and
rests only on data from
this method
16. Interpretation of ball dropping test: Construc- • Large ball is perceptually
tivist more salient,
• infants have learned to
look longer at more salient
events
• Evidence for perceptual
account: Results are often
fragile
17. Problems with Test: 1. These studies test in-
fants who've been watch-
ing physical
events for months. What's
learned, & when?
2. If infants innately 'un-
derstand' gravity, why do
2-year-olds make this er-
ror?
*Knowledge of how phys-
ical variables constrain
motion is fragile, even in
much older children
18. innate vs. congenital: experience starts at con-
What's so special about birth? ception
19. What counts as "learning?" What we think of as "learn-
ing" is only one type of ex-
perience that can drive de-
velopment
- EXAMPLE: studies of im-
printing (Gottlieb)
