NSG 304 NURSING PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026

NSG 304 NURSING PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026 The nurse educator is describing the major structures of the cardiovascular system to a group of nursing students. How many major components will the educator teach the students about during the lecture? - Answers There are three major components to the cardiovascular system. They are the blood, heart, and blood vessels After a stressful event, a client's blood pressure and heart rate rise. Which system is most likely responsible for this physiologic change? - Answers the autonomic nervous system controls the heart rate and blood vessel diameter Body cells require oxygen-rich blood for aerobic metabolism. The nurse explains that which organs bring oxygen to the blood and remove carbon dioxide from it? - Answers the lungs A client is in acute renal failure. During this period, the client's erythrocyte count might drop. The nurse understands that this might be due to a deficiency of which substance? - Answers Erythropoietin A leukopenic client is placed in a private room, and visitors are limited. Why are these precautions taken for this client? - Answers To protect the client from potential infection During morning rounds, the nurse is told one of her clients will need a platelet transfusion. From this information, the nurse infers that which should be removed from a client's room? - Answers shaving razors A client with cirrhosis is due to have a liver biopsy performed. What will the monitor this client for at the bedside following the procedure? - Answers bleeding The nurse understands that which vitamin is essential in the process of coagulation? - Answers vitamin k After an acute myocardial infarction of the left ventricle, a client has irreversible cellular necrosis of the myocardium. The nurse planning care determines that which nursing diagnosis would be the highest priority at this time? - Answers Cardiac Output, Decreased At a community health fair, a nurse stresses the importance of a cardiac-prudent diet and exercise routine in order to help prevent coronary artery disease. Which is the correct rationale for this teaching? - Answers Coronary arteries supply the myocardium with nutrients. The nurse educator is describing the structure and function of the myocardium to a group of students working with cardiac clients. What does the nurse educator say is most likely to occur if the myocardium is deprived of oxygen? - Answers heart failure A client diagnosed with angina asks the nurse why she experiences chest pain while walking up stairs. The nurse explains that which item has likely occurred in this client? - Answers Narrowing of the coronary arteries A client having a stress test exhibits an increased heart rate and stronger cardiac contraction but no chest pain. What is occurring to this client's coronary arteries? - Answers dilation A client asks the nurse which blood vessels supply blood to the heart muscle. Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate? - Answers coronary arteries A client suffers a myocardial infarction of the right atrium. The nurse notices that the client is in an irregular heart rhythm. From this information, the nurse infers there is a disturbance of which node of the cardiac conduction system - Answers Sinoatrial (SA) node A cardiovascular nurse is orienting a new nurse to the unit. The new nurse questions the steps of the normal cardiac conduction system. The senior nurse explains that action potentials in the myocardium follow which sequence? - Answers Sinoatrial (SA) node, internodal pathway, atrioventricular (AV) node, bundle of His, and Purkinje fibers A client has a heart rate of 78 beats per minute. Which node is most likely to produce this heart rate? - Answers SA node A nurse is preparing to administer a medication known to increase preload. Which is the expected outcome for this client? - Answers An increase in cardiac output A client has severe atherosclerosis and hypertension. Which statement about cardiac output will be true? - Answers Cardiac output will be low A client recently diagnosed with hypertension asks the nurse, "What did it mean when the doctor told me I have peripheral resistance?" Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate? - Answers The friction that the blood encounters in the arteries is called peripheral resistance. A nurse is preparing to administer a medication that will cause constriction of the arteries. The nurse expects that which vital sign parameter will be monitored most closely after administration of this medication? - Answers blood pressure A dehydrated client quickly receives a liter of intravenous fluid infusion to increase circulating blood volume. The nurse would expect which changes in the client's vital signs? - Answers A blood pressure increase from 90/60 to 120/78 The vasomotor center of the brain raises or lowers blood pressure based on information from which items? - Answers Baroreceptors and chemoreceptors A client with an exacerbation of heart failure is experiencing fluid volume overload. The nurse understands that which regulator of blood pressure will most likely be secreted during this exacerbation? - Answers Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) A nurse administers an IV antihypertensive medication, causing an immediate reduction in blood pressure. The baroreceptors respond by attempting to return blood pressure back to normal by accelerating the heart rate. Which term will the nurse use when documenting this phenomenon? - Answers Reflex tachycardia The nurse is teaching a client about the role of calcium in hypertension, and explains that a high concentration of calcium in arterial smooth muscle cells leads to which clinical manifestation? - Answers elevated blood pressure The nurse preparing to administer both a calcium channel blocker and a beta 1 -adrenergic blocker to a client with hypertension plans to monitor the clients response based on which understanding of these drugs? - Answers They prevent calcium influx into vascular smooth muscle. The nurse is preparing to administer medications, including verapamil (Verelan), a calcium channel blocker, and metoprolol (Lopressor), a beta 1 -adrenergic blocker, to a client with hypertension. An entry in the clients medical record indicates he has developed AV block. Which action by the nurse is the most appropriate? - Answers Hold both metoprolol (Lopressor) and verapamil (Verelan), and notify the prescriber. A beta 1 -adrenergic antagonist drug has been added to the regimen of a client with angina pectoris who is taking amlodipine (Norvasc). The nurse identifies which assessment finding as representing a goal of therapy related to a