Western Governors University
SSESSA-ERP • 559C
C955✦
✦
PA College of Information Technology · C955 Applied Probability & Statistics
A NEW KIND OF U. · AFFORDABLE, ACCREDITED, ONLINE.
EST. 1997
C955 — Applied Probability & Statistics
P R E - A SS E SS M E N T · F R A C T I O N S · A LG E B R A · G R A P H S · P R O B A B I L I TY · CO R R E L AT I O N · R E G R E SS I O N
INSTITUTION Western Governors University (WGU) COURSE CODE C955
PROGRAM Bachelor of Science in Information ACADEMIC YEAR
Technology
EXAM TITLE Pre-Assessment — Applied Probability & TOTAL QUESTIONS 25 Questions
Statistics
SUBJECT AREAS Fractions · Algebra · Statistics · Probability FORMAT Multiple Choice — Select the Single Best
· Correlation Answer
PRE-ASSESSMENT INSTRUCTIONS
▸ Select the single best answer for each question.
▸ Content covers: fraction operations, solving linear equations, graphing inequalities and linear equations, descriptive statistics
(mean, median, normal distribution), data displays (bar charts, pie charts, histograms, scatterplots), study design (observational
vs. experimental, bias, Simpson's paradox), probability (independent/dependent events, conditional probability), and
correlation/regression.
▸ Key formulas: y = mx + b, empirical rule (68-95-99.7), P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) − P(A and B).
SECTION I — APPLIED MATH, STATISTICS & PROBABILITY Questions 1 – 25
1. What is 3/4 divided by 2/3?
A. 9/8 — multiply by reciprocal: (3/4) × (3/2).
B. 5/12
C. 5/7
D. 6/7
CORRECT ANSWER A — 9/8 — multiply by reciprocal: (3/4) × (3/2).
RATIONALE Division by a fraction = multiply by its reciprocal. 3/4 ÷ 2/3 = 3/4 × 3/2 = 9/8. The total hiking path length: 1.05 +
3.6 + 3.17 + 2.2 = 10.02 miles. 4 fl oz = 8 tbsp; 8 − 1.5 = 6.5 tbsp. These basic arithmetic and fraction operations
are foundational for the C955 pre-assessment.
, 2. Solve for X: X − 5/4 = 2/3
A. 3/12
B. 7/12
C. 10/12
D. 23/12 — X = 2/3 + 5/4 = 8/12 + 15/12.
CORRECT ANSWER D — 23/12 — X = 2/3 + 5/4 = 8/12 + 15/12.
RATIONALE X = 2/3 + 5/4. Convert to common denominator 12: 2/3 = 8/12; 5/4 = 15/12. X = 8/12 + 15/12 = 23/12. For X + 5/3
= 2/3: X = 2/3 − 5/3 = −3/3 = −1. Solving linear equations with fractions requires finding common denominators
and isolating the variable.
3. Which graph is the solution for 4y − 6 > 18?
A. y > 4
B. y > 6 — 4y > 24, y > 6.
C. y < 4
D. y < 6
CORRECT ANSWER B — y > 6 — 4y > 24, y > 6.
RATIONALE 4y − 6 > 18 → 4y > 24 → y > 6. This is graphed with an open circle at 6 and an arrow pointing right. For 2y + 6 >
20: 2y > 14, y > 7. For y < 8: open circle at 8, arrow pointing left. The line graph for y = 3x + 5 passes through
(0,5) with slope 3. For y = −2x + 9: y-intercept 9, slope −2, x-intercept 4.5. These linear equation and inequality
skills are essential for the OA.
4. A normally distributed data set has a mean of 25 and a standard deviation of 2. Which percentage of the data falls
between 23 and 25?
A. 34.0% — within 1 SD below the mean (from −1σ to the mean).
B. 68.0% — within 1 SD of the mean total.
C. 95.0% — within 2 SD of the mean.
D. 99.7% — within 3 SD of the mean.
CORRECT ANSWER A — 34.0% — within 1 SD below the mean (from −1σ to the mean).
RATIONALE Using the Empirical Rule (68-95-99.7): 68% within ±1σ, so 34% falls between the mean and −1σ (23 to 25 since
σ = 2). 95% within ±2σ: 200 ± 10 = 190–210. The median of {19,20,21,22,36} is 21. For the frequency table with
ages, the median is 18.0 (middle value of 12 ordered values). A positively skewed histogram has mean >
median. Pie charts display parts of a whole. Histograms display continuous numerical data like visit length.
Bar graphs display categorical counts.
SSESSA-ERP • 559C
C955✦
✦
PA College of Information Technology · C955 Applied Probability & Statistics
A NEW KIND OF U. · AFFORDABLE, ACCREDITED, ONLINE.
EST. 1997
C955 — Applied Probability & Statistics
P R E - A SS E SS M E N T · F R A C T I O N S · A LG E B R A · G R A P H S · P R O B A B I L I TY · CO R R E L AT I O N · R E G R E SS I O N
INSTITUTION Western Governors University (WGU) COURSE CODE C955
PROGRAM Bachelor of Science in Information ACADEMIC YEAR
Technology
EXAM TITLE Pre-Assessment — Applied Probability & TOTAL QUESTIONS 25 Questions
Statistics
SUBJECT AREAS Fractions · Algebra · Statistics · Probability FORMAT Multiple Choice — Select the Single Best
· Correlation Answer
PRE-ASSESSMENT INSTRUCTIONS
▸ Select the single best answer for each question.
▸ Content covers: fraction operations, solving linear equations, graphing inequalities and linear equations, descriptive statistics
(mean, median, normal distribution), data displays (bar charts, pie charts, histograms, scatterplots), study design (observational
vs. experimental, bias, Simpson's paradox), probability (independent/dependent events, conditional probability), and
correlation/regression.
▸ Key formulas: y = mx + b, empirical rule (68-95-99.7), P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) − P(A and B).
SECTION I — APPLIED MATH, STATISTICS & PROBABILITY Questions 1 – 25
1. What is 3/4 divided by 2/3?
A. 9/8 — multiply by reciprocal: (3/4) × (3/2).
B. 5/12
C. 5/7
D. 6/7
CORRECT ANSWER A — 9/8 — multiply by reciprocal: (3/4) × (3/2).
RATIONALE Division by a fraction = multiply by its reciprocal. 3/4 ÷ 2/3 = 3/4 × 3/2 = 9/8. The total hiking path length: 1.05 +
3.6 + 3.17 + 2.2 = 10.02 miles. 4 fl oz = 8 tbsp; 8 − 1.5 = 6.5 tbsp. These basic arithmetic and fraction operations
are foundational for the C955 pre-assessment.
, 2. Solve for X: X − 5/4 = 2/3
A. 3/12
B. 7/12
C. 10/12
D. 23/12 — X = 2/3 + 5/4 = 8/12 + 15/12.
CORRECT ANSWER D — 23/12 — X = 2/3 + 5/4 = 8/12 + 15/12.
RATIONALE X = 2/3 + 5/4. Convert to common denominator 12: 2/3 = 8/12; 5/4 = 15/12. X = 8/12 + 15/12 = 23/12. For X + 5/3
= 2/3: X = 2/3 − 5/3 = −3/3 = −1. Solving linear equations with fractions requires finding common denominators
and isolating the variable.
3. Which graph is the solution for 4y − 6 > 18?
A. y > 4
B. y > 6 — 4y > 24, y > 6.
C. y < 4
D. y < 6
CORRECT ANSWER B — y > 6 — 4y > 24, y > 6.
RATIONALE 4y − 6 > 18 → 4y > 24 → y > 6. This is graphed with an open circle at 6 and an arrow pointing right. For 2y + 6 >
20: 2y > 14, y > 7. For y < 8: open circle at 8, arrow pointing left. The line graph for y = 3x + 5 passes through
(0,5) with slope 3. For y = −2x + 9: y-intercept 9, slope −2, x-intercept 4.5. These linear equation and inequality
skills are essential for the OA.
4. A normally distributed data set has a mean of 25 and a standard deviation of 2. Which percentage of the data falls
between 23 and 25?
A. 34.0% — within 1 SD below the mean (from −1σ to the mean).
B. 68.0% — within 1 SD of the mean total.
C. 95.0% — within 2 SD of the mean.
D. 99.7% — within 3 SD of the mean.
CORRECT ANSWER A — 34.0% — within 1 SD below the mean (from −1σ to the mean).
RATIONALE Using the Empirical Rule (68-95-99.7): 68% within ±1σ, so 34% falls between the mean and −1σ (23 to 25 since
σ = 2). 95% within ±2σ: 200 ± 10 = 190–210. The median of {19,20,21,22,36} is 21. For the frequency table with
ages, the median is 18.0 (middle value of 12 ordered values). A positively skewed histogram has mean >
median. Pie charts display parts of a whole. Histograms display continuous numerical data like visit length.
Bar graphs display categorical counts.
