OB/PEDS UPDATED QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS 2026 COMPLETE
STUDY GUIDE WITH VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS
◉ when should live attenuated vaccines be avoided?
Answer: if yourself or someone in your household is
immunocompromised (undergoing chemotherapy, have AIDS or another
immunodeficiency, are currently sick) or pregnant
this is specific to live attenuated vaccines, not all vaccines.
◉ Active artificial immunity
Answer: Vaccines
◉ Passive artificial immunity
Answer: Use of antibody serum, antitoxin or IgG
◉ Active natural immunity
Answer: natural exposure to an antigen (getting sick)
◉ Passive natural immunity
Answer: mom to fetus/baby via placenta/breast milk.
,Doesn't last as long
◉ first vs. second vs booster vaccine - antibody timeline
Answer: First vaccine- initial antibody production (10-14 days), makes t
cells and memory b cells
Second vaccine- body remembers this antigen (quicker response, body
has seen this before, makes more antibodies)
Booster vaccine- maintains the concentration of antibodies
◉ Toxoid vaccines
Answer: chemically or thermally modified toxins used to stimulate
active immunity
i.e. diptheria, tetanus
◉ Td vaccine
Answer: (Tetanus, Diphtheria): Booster for adults every 10 years or after
exposure, containing no pertussis protection.
◉ Toxoid vaccines - What is DTaP? ages used?
Answer: DTaP is a *5-dose series for infants/kids (ages 0-6)*
,DTaP has full-strength pertussis and diphtheria antigens.
◉ Toxoid vaccines - What are Tdap/Td? ages used?
Answer: Tdap is a 1-dose booster (often at 11-12 years), and Td is a
booster for adults.
Some people don't react well to the pertussis vaccine, Tdap has less of it.
Td has none of it.
◉ Human immune globulin
Answer: concentrated antibody product derived from pooled human
plasma.
Used to prevent infections or make the infection less severe when your
body has a weak immune system.
Provides temporary *passive* immunity against infections
(i.e. hepatitis A with not more than 2 weeks of exposure, chickenpox,
measles with not more than 6 days of exposure, has not been vaccinated,
or rubella, rabies, tetanus)
◉ When to use human immune globulin vs vaccine?
, Answer: human IG is used for immediate post-exposure protection (e.g.,
rabies, hepatitis A, tetanus) or in immunocompromised individuals,
whereas vaccines are used for long-term prevention
◉ When to use BOTH human immune globulin AND vaccine?
Answer: A combined approach is critical for post-exposure prophylaxis
(PEP) of high-risk diseases, most notably Rabies (bites/scratches),
tetanus (high-risk wounds in non-immunized individuals), and
sometimes Hepatitis A or B.
◉ vaccine administration tips
Answer: Always assess illness, allergies, prior reactions before giving
vaccines
don't mix vaccines
sites should be 1-2in apart.
You can accelerate the normal schedule to catch up (follow guidelines)
◉ what needs to be documented when a vaccine is given?
Answer: Vaccine
Manufacturer
Lot #
Date
AND ANSWERS 2026 COMPLETE
STUDY GUIDE WITH VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS
◉ when should live attenuated vaccines be avoided?
Answer: if yourself or someone in your household is
immunocompromised (undergoing chemotherapy, have AIDS or another
immunodeficiency, are currently sick) or pregnant
this is specific to live attenuated vaccines, not all vaccines.
◉ Active artificial immunity
Answer: Vaccines
◉ Passive artificial immunity
Answer: Use of antibody serum, antitoxin or IgG
◉ Active natural immunity
Answer: natural exposure to an antigen (getting sick)
◉ Passive natural immunity
Answer: mom to fetus/baby via placenta/breast milk.
,Doesn't last as long
◉ first vs. second vs booster vaccine - antibody timeline
Answer: First vaccine- initial antibody production (10-14 days), makes t
cells and memory b cells
Second vaccine- body remembers this antigen (quicker response, body
has seen this before, makes more antibodies)
Booster vaccine- maintains the concentration of antibodies
◉ Toxoid vaccines
Answer: chemically or thermally modified toxins used to stimulate
active immunity
i.e. diptheria, tetanus
◉ Td vaccine
Answer: (Tetanus, Diphtheria): Booster for adults every 10 years or after
exposure, containing no pertussis protection.
◉ Toxoid vaccines - What is DTaP? ages used?
Answer: DTaP is a *5-dose series for infants/kids (ages 0-6)*
,DTaP has full-strength pertussis and diphtheria antigens.
◉ Toxoid vaccines - What are Tdap/Td? ages used?
Answer: Tdap is a 1-dose booster (often at 11-12 years), and Td is a
booster for adults.
Some people don't react well to the pertussis vaccine, Tdap has less of it.
Td has none of it.
◉ Human immune globulin
Answer: concentrated antibody product derived from pooled human
plasma.
Used to prevent infections or make the infection less severe when your
body has a weak immune system.
Provides temporary *passive* immunity against infections
(i.e. hepatitis A with not more than 2 weeks of exposure, chickenpox,
measles with not more than 6 days of exposure, has not been vaccinated,
or rubella, rabies, tetanus)
◉ When to use human immune globulin vs vaccine?
, Answer: human IG is used for immediate post-exposure protection (e.g.,
rabies, hepatitis A, tetanus) or in immunocompromised individuals,
whereas vaccines are used for long-term prevention
◉ When to use BOTH human immune globulin AND vaccine?
Answer: A combined approach is critical for post-exposure prophylaxis
(PEP) of high-risk diseases, most notably Rabies (bites/scratches),
tetanus (high-risk wounds in non-immunized individuals), and
sometimes Hepatitis A or B.
◉ vaccine administration tips
Answer: Always assess illness, allergies, prior reactions before giving
vaccines
don't mix vaccines
sites should be 1-2in apart.
You can accelerate the normal schedule to catch up (follow guidelines)
◉ what needs to be documented when a vaccine is given?
Answer: Vaccine
Manufacturer
Lot #
Date
