National Pilates Certification Exam
Updated Questions and Answers
(2026/2027) | Review Guide | A+
Verified
• Pilates Movement Principles -✓✓Control, Breath, Concentration, Centering,
Flowing motion, Precision
• Planes of Motion -✓✓Transverse, Frontal, Sagittal
• Transverse Plane -✓✓divides the body into superior and inferior parts
• frontal (coronal) plane -✓✓vertical plane dividing the body or structure into
anterior and posterior portions
• Sagittal Plane -✓✓a vertical plane that divides the body into right and left parts
• Cephalad -✓✓toward the head (upward)
• Caudal -✓✓toward the tail
• Extension -✓✓increases the angle of a joint
• Flexion -✓✓Decreases the angle of a joint
• Abduction -✓✓Movement away from the midline of the body
• Adduction -✓✓Movement toward the midline of the body
• Medial Rotation -✓✓rotational movement towards the midline
• Lateral Rotation -✓✓outward (lateral) movement of a body segment in the
transverse plane
• Circumduction -✓✓circular movement of a limb at the far end
, • Supination -✓✓movement that turns the palm up
• Pronation -✓✓movement that turns the palm down
• Elevation -✓✓raising a body part
• Depression -✓✓lowering a body part
• Inversion -✓✓Turning the sole of the foot inward
• Eversion -✓✓turning the sole of the foot outward
• Plantar Flexion -✓✓bending of the sole of the foot by curling the toes toward the
ground, pointing the toes
• Dorsiflexion -✓✓bending of the foot or the toes upward
• Protraction -✓✓moving a body part forward and parallel to the ground
• Retraction Axial Elongation -✓✓moving a body part backward and parallel to
the ground
• Long Bones -✓✓bones that are longer than they are wide, arms and legs
• Short Bones -✓✓bones of the wrist and ankles
• Flat Bones -✓✓These bones are thin, flat, and curved. They form the ribs,
breastbone, and skull.
• Irregular Bones -✓✓bones of the vertebrae and face
• Fibrous Joints -✓✓consists of inflexible layers of dense connective tissue, holds
the bones tightly together. Immovable. Sutures, Gomphoses, Syndesmoses.
• sutures, syndesmoses, gomphoses -✓✓three types of fibrous joints
Updated Questions and Answers
(2026/2027) | Review Guide | A+
Verified
• Pilates Movement Principles -✓✓Control, Breath, Concentration, Centering,
Flowing motion, Precision
• Planes of Motion -✓✓Transverse, Frontal, Sagittal
• Transverse Plane -✓✓divides the body into superior and inferior parts
• frontal (coronal) plane -✓✓vertical plane dividing the body or structure into
anterior and posterior portions
• Sagittal Plane -✓✓a vertical plane that divides the body into right and left parts
• Cephalad -✓✓toward the head (upward)
• Caudal -✓✓toward the tail
• Extension -✓✓increases the angle of a joint
• Flexion -✓✓Decreases the angle of a joint
• Abduction -✓✓Movement away from the midline of the body
• Adduction -✓✓Movement toward the midline of the body
• Medial Rotation -✓✓rotational movement towards the midline
• Lateral Rotation -✓✓outward (lateral) movement of a body segment in the
transverse plane
• Circumduction -✓✓circular movement of a limb at the far end
, • Supination -✓✓movement that turns the palm up
• Pronation -✓✓movement that turns the palm down
• Elevation -✓✓raising a body part
• Depression -✓✓lowering a body part
• Inversion -✓✓Turning the sole of the foot inward
• Eversion -✓✓turning the sole of the foot outward
• Plantar Flexion -✓✓bending of the sole of the foot by curling the toes toward the
ground, pointing the toes
• Dorsiflexion -✓✓bending of the foot or the toes upward
• Protraction -✓✓moving a body part forward and parallel to the ground
• Retraction Axial Elongation -✓✓moving a body part backward and parallel to
the ground
• Long Bones -✓✓bones that are longer than they are wide, arms and legs
• Short Bones -✓✓bones of the wrist and ankles
• Flat Bones -✓✓These bones are thin, flat, and curved. They form the ribs,
breastbone, and skull.
• Irregular Bones -✓✓bones of the vertebrae and face
• Fibrous Joints -✓✓consists of inflexible layers of dense connective tissue, holds
the bones tightly together. Immovable. Sutures, Gomphoses, Syndesmoses.
• sutures, syndesmoses, gomphoses -✓✓three types of fibrous joints
