Exam 1 study guide without legal, ethical, and professional terms. UPDATED
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Genosight testing This test does NOT tell me what your diagnosis is, how your brain works, or what
medication will be the magic pill to work for you. IT gives me hints on how your
body will process the medications. Just a tool in my toolbox. It's not gold standard
but it will help me see how your body process the medication.
Enzyme pathway--- metabolize medications (mostly in liver). How you process
medication will help me know if it's something I can plan or make other
considerations when choosing medication.
green column we know your body will metabolize it and I can dose normally at proper dose.
yellow med will either metabolize too fast (inducer) or too slow (inhibiter). ________________
column can be used but we must be cautious with decision making.
red we don't know how you metabolize it at all or it may be contraindicated.
psychiatric medications If you inhale any leaf products, it can alter metabolic pathways. (smoker page)
Mthfr- folate acid gene tells you if you metabolize folic acid (red column= need broken down folate)
yellow column pt taking Lexapro 20 mg po for a while but it is no longer effective. It's in the
_ __________ (inducer) - your going through it way to fast, so this means that you
can potentially increase the dose.
, yellow column Abilify 2 mg in _____________ as inhibitor (this means the med stayed in system
longer= increasing risk for side effects). So you may need very low dose to get
best effects.
side effects vs allergies • Patients often confuse side effects with allergies
• Mislabeling allergies can limit treatment options
• Correct identification improves medication safety
medication side effects • Predictable reactions based on how a drug works
• Often dose-related
• Common and usually non‑immune related
• Examples: nausea with antibiotics, drowsiness with antihistamines
medication allergies • IMMUNE SYSTEM REACTION TO MEDICATION
• NOT DOSE DEPENDENT
• CAN OCCUR EVEN WITH SMALL EXPOSURES
• EXAMPLES: HIVES, RASH, SWELLING, ANAPHYLAXIS
side effects key difference:
-Predictable
-related to pharmacologic action
allergies key differences:
-immune-mediated
-may be severe or life threatening
-require avoidance of the medication
Clinical tips -Document clearly!
-Allergy vs intolerance vs side effect
- Clarify patient reports of allergy
- What happened when you took the medication?
extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) • is an UMBRELLA TERM for medication‑induced movement disorders
• Most commonly associated with antipsychotic medications
• Caused primarily by dopamine blockade in the nigrostriatal pathway
• More common with first‑generation antipsychotics, but can occur with
second‑generation agents
EPS Is A known side effect of antipsychotics. ... not an allergy
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Genosight testing This test does NOT tell me what your diagnosis is, how your brain works, or what
medication will be the magic pill to work for you. IT gives me hints on how your
body will process the medications. Just a tool in my toolbox. It's not gold standard
but it will help me see how your body process the medication.
Enzyme pathway--- metabolize medications (mostly in liver). How you process
medication will help me know if it's something I can plan or make other
considerations when choosing medication.
green column we know your body will metabolize it and I can dose normally at proper dose.
yellow med will either metabolize too fast (inducer) or too slow (inhibiter). ________________
column can be used but we must be cautious with decision making.
red we don't know how you metabolize it at all or it may be contraindicated.
psychiatric medications If you inhale any leaf products, it can alter metabolic pathways. (smoker page)
Mthfr- folate acid gene tells you if you metabolize folic acid (red column= need broken down folate)
yellow column pt taking Lexapro 20 mg po for a while but it is no longer effective. It's in the
_ __________ (inducer) - your going through it way to fast, so this means that you
can potentially increase the dose.
, yellow column Abilify 2 mg in _____________ as inhibitor (this means the med stayed in system
longer= increasing risk for side effects). So you may need very low dose to get
best effects.
side effects vs allergies • Patients often confuse side effects with allergies
• Mislabeling allergies can limit treatment options
• Correct identification improves medication safety
medication side effects • Predictable reactions based on how a drug works
• Often dose-related
• Common and usually non‑immune related
• Examples: nausea with antibiotics, drowsiness with antihistamines
medication allergies • IMMUNE SYSTEM REACTION TO MEDICATION
• NOT DOSE DEPENDENT
• CAN OCCUR EVEN WITH SMALL EXPOSURES
• EXAMPLES: HIVES, RASH, SWELLING, ANAPHYLAXIS
side effects key difference:
-Predictable
-related to pharmacologic action
allergies key differences:
-immune-mediated
-may be severe or life threatening
-require avoidance of the medication
Clinical tips -Document clearly!
-Allergy vs intolerance vs side effect
- Clarify patient reports of allergy
- What happened when you took the medication?
extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) • is an UMBRELLA TERM for medication‑induced movement disorders
• Most commonly associated with antipsychotic medications
• Caused primarily by dopamine blockade in the nigrostriatal pathway
• More common with first‑generation antipsychotics, but can occur with
second‑generation agents
EPS Is A known side effect of antipsychotics. ... not an allergy
