introduction
to
microbiology
Brief History
Definition and
Scope
Basic Taxonomy
Bacterial Cytology
Symbiosis
Basic Biosafety
Reservoir and
Transmission
Epidemiology and
Microbial Control
Notes by: I.J Aquino, RMT, MLS (ASCPi); Source: Bailey and Scott's Diagnostic Microbiology
, Brief History of
Microbiology
17th CENTURY
ZACHARIAS JANSSEN
- used two convex lenses in sequence to magnify an image
-forerunner of microscopes
FRANCESCO STELLUTI AND GIOVANI FABER
- coined the word "microscopio"
-means to see small
ROBERT HOOKE
-viewed a cork under the crude microscope
CORK = tiny cubicles = cella = CELLS
CELL THEORY: All living things are made up of living cells
ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK
-used the crude microscope to study the cloth he sells
-observed water from a marshy lake
-made better set of cells to observe his own feces
-published his findings through letters to the "Royal Society of London"
-determined the shapes of different animalcules (moving organisms)
COCCI BACILLI
SPONTANEOUS GENERATION (VITALISTS): life depends on a vital force. Nonliving
become living organisms.
**proof: putrefaction and decay**
-from dead meat arises maggots and flies
FRANCISCO REDI
-disproved the spontaneous generation theory with an experiment
with gauze with gauze
2 jars with rotten meat inside, maggots found inside jar without gauze,
one covered with gauze then outside with the gauze
JOHN NEEDHAM
- clergyman that wanted to disprove Francisco Redi
-micro-organisms do not grow from eggs and proposed a theory of
spontaneous generation
Notes by: I.J Aquino, RMT, MLS (ASCPi); Source: Bailey and Scott's Diagnostic Microbiology
, Brief History of
Microbiology
LAZZARO SPALLANZANI
-proposed that microbes move through the air and that they could be
killed through boiling.
ANTONE LAURENT LAVOISIER
-oxygen was a key substance in combustion and life
-gave the element its name
EDWARD JENNER
-proposals on disease prevention
-smallpox epidemic in China and India caused by the Variola virus
-he collected the crusts of the lesions, dried it then powderized them to
be rubbed to patients as protection.
VARIOLATION: the method of inoculation first used to immunize individuals
against smallpox
-observed that cowmaids did not contract smallpox when they have had
cowpox already
VACCINATION: the method of inoculation of vaccinia (cowpox) to provide
immunity to smallpox
18th CENTURY
JOHN YARWELL AND JOHN MARSHALL
-microscope designers that made breakthrough with microscope optics
CHRISTIAN EHRENBERG
-coined the term 'bakterion' meaning little rods
19th CENTURY
JAKOB HENLE
-proposed that living organisms cause diseases
-wrote about in an essay entitled: "On Miasma en Contagia"
IGNAZ SEMMELWEIS
-promoted HANDWASHING using chlorine water when delivering babies
-prevented puerperal fever or childbed fever
-"Saviour of Mothers"
JOHN SNOW
-cholera is water or food borne and not miasma (bad air)
-observations made in Soho District and concluded that if cholera is
caused by miasma, pulmonary symptoms should appear and not GI
symptoms
Notes by: I.J Aquino, RMT, MLS (ASCPi); Source: Bailey and Scott's Diagnostic Microbiology
to
microbiology
Brief History
Definition and
Scope
Basic Taxonomy
Bacterial Cytology
Symbiosis
Basic Biosafety
Reservoir and
Transmission
Epidemiology and
Microbial Control
Notes by: I.J Aquino, RMT, MLS (ASCPi); Source: Bailey and Scott's Diagnostic Microbiology
, Brief History of
Microbiology
17th CENTURY
ZACHARIAS JANSSEN
- used two convex lenses in sequence to magnify an image
-forerunner of microscopes
FRANCESCO STELLUTI AND GIOVANI FABER
- coined the word "microscopio"
-means to see small
ROBERT HOOKE
-viewed a cork under the crude microscope
CORK = tiny cubicles = cella = CELLS
CELL THEORY: All living things are made up of living cells
ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK
-used the crude microscope to study the cloth he sells
-observed water from a marshy lake
-made better set of cells to observe his own feces
-published his findings through letters to the "Royal Society of London"
-determined the shapes of different animalcules (moving organisms)
COCCI BACILLI
SPONTANEOUS GENERATION (VITALISTS): life depends on a vital force. Nonliving
become living organisms.
**proof: putrefaction and decay**
-from dead meat arises maggots and flies
FRANCISCO REDI
-disproved the spontaneous generation theory with an experiment
with gauze with gauze
2 jars with rotten meat inside, maggots found inside jar without gauze,
one covered with gauze then outside with the gauze
JOHN NEEDHAM
- clergyman that wanted to disprove Francisco Redi
-micro-organisms do not grow from eggs and proposed a theory of
spontaneous generation
Notes by: I.J Aquino, RMT, MLS (ASCPi); Source: Bailey and Scott's Diagnostic Microbiology
, Brief History of
Microbiology
LAZZARO SPALLANZANI
-proposed that microbes move through the air and that they could be
killed through boiling.
ANTONE LAURENT LAVOISIER
-oxygen was a key substance in combustion and life
-gave the element its name
EDWARD JENNER
-proposals on disease prevention
-smallpox epidemic in China and India caused by the Variola virus
-he collected the crusts of the lesions, dried it then powderized them to
be rubbed to patients as protection.
VARIOLATION: the method of inoculation first used to immunize individuals
against smallpox
-observed that cowmaids did not contract smallpox when they have had
cowpox already
VACCINATION: the method of inoculation of vaccinia (cowpox) to provide
immunity to smallpox
18th CENTURY
JOHN YARWELL AND JOHN MARSHALL
-microscope designers that made breakthrough with microscope optics
CHRISTIAN EHRENBERG
-coined the term 'bakterion' meaning little rods
19th CENTURY
JAKOB HENLE
-proposed that living organisms cause diseases
-wrote about in an essay entitled: "On Miasma en Contagia"
IGNAZ SEMMELWEIS
-promoted HANDWASHING using chlorine water when delivering babies
-prevented puerperal fever or childbed fever
-"Saviour of Mothers"
JOHN SNOW
-cholera is water or food borne and not miasma (bad air)
-observations made in Soho District and concluded that if cholera is
caused by miasma, pulmonary symptoms should appear and not GI
symptoms
Notes by: I.J Aquino, RMT, MLS (ASCPi); Source: Bailey and Scott's Diagnostic Microbiology
