BMS 127 Final Exam Questions With Correct Answers

BMS 127 Final Exam Questions With Correct
Answers


shape of prokaryotic DNA - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-circular
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plasmid - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-small circular extrachromosomal DNA
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molecule


T/F: plasmids are necessary for genome survival - CORRECT
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ANSWER✔✔-F


T/F: genomic genes are on plasmid - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-F
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plasmids are small, but large enough to_____ that can _____ - CORRECT
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ANSWER✔✔-contain lots of genes that can alter phenotype of bacteria
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how can plasmids be described as and what does this mean? - CORRECT
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ANSWER✔✔-high copy or low copy; meaning that they're present in
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high or low numbers
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,origin of replication - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-DNA sequence, on
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plasmid, where replication of plasmid begins
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what regulates whether or not plasmids are present? - CORRECT
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ANSWER✔✔-origin of replication | |




where do DNA polymerases bind to begin replication on plasmids? -
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CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-at origin of replication
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what determines the copy number of plasmids? - CORRECT
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ANSWER✔✔-the binding affinity of DNA polymerase and origin of
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replication


origins with _____ affinity usually are found on ____ copy plasmids -
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CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-high, high | |




what are the 2 mechanisms by which plasmids replicate? - CORRECT
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ANSWER✔✔-1. theta type replication (main one) | | | | |




2. rolling circle replication
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what is the result of theta type replication - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-2
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circular plasmids |

,2 identical plasmids, each having 1 original and one new strand
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Result of Theta type Replication? and 1st step? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
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2 DNA polymerases binds to origin and replication happens in 2
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directions @ same time | | |




2 identical plasmids, each having 1 original and one new strand
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what is the result of rolling circle replication? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1
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circular and 1 linear plasmid| | | |




1st step of rolling circle replication and what is the end result? -
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CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1 strand of plasmid is nicked, other gets
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unravelled


1 linear copy and 1 circular copy
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nick - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-one of sugar phosphate backbones is
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broken in plasmid DNA | | |




recombination - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-the exchange of genes b/w 2 | | | | | | | | |



DNA molecules, making a new combination of genes on each
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, where does recombination happen - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-at regions
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of sequence identity
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sequence identity - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-regions where nucleotide
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sequences are identical | |




why is it important that recombination happens at regions of sequence
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identity? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1. there are diploid creatures since
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crossover happens here | |




2. how diploid organisms get correct complement of chromosomes
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3. allows for genetic diversity
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horizontal gene transfer - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-movement of genes
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into pre-existing cells (cells of same generation)
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what are 3 mechanisms of horizontal gene transfer? - CORRECT
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ANSWER✔✔-conjugation, transformation, transduction | |




conjugation - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-transfer of a plamsid b/w cells
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through a sex pilus | | |