Biological Membranes
5
molecule .
glycocalyx ,
(carbony date 2 .
Fluid Mosaic Model :
Chydrophobic
2
Active Processes Substance Direction Passive ? other info
o ⑳ i
ogiyprotein need
-
colipid
Goy ATP
:
Diffusion molecule > low n19
high
-
no
·
-
>
attached lipid.
- peripheral protein . Facilitated molecule ATP
high low no
through carrie
· -
L
bilayer
g
9909
↳
antigens
E
↳ enzymes site diffusion proteins.
phospholipid ↳ receptor
down 4 ATP
water molecules no
partially permeable
·
Osmosis a
& $62 nyarophobic
fatty acid tail low
gradient
ATP
membrane
active molecule -
high . protein carriers.
W
s protein &
a
channel carrier
Clons) transport
hydrophilic phosphate
-
protein
↓ mechanical head .
molecules facilitated diffusion : FACTORS AFFECTING
Stability ,
regulates
fuidity across a
partially permeable
NO ATP required DIFFUSION :
in
-
neurones :
membrane via protein channels -
only ninetic
energy * the diffusion
bigger the
:
-
Myclin Sheath flattened cells wrapped around several times . or carriers distance the slower the
special that enable to be
protein receptors antigens rate.
-
recognised.
be
may
or
may not
Diffusion molecules more *
larger SA
,
more diffusion
down a water potential across a membrane from high to low * temprature increases
gradient concentration diffusion
saresante
water molecules the
*
Steeper the
gradient
the faster the rate
across
⑮ mosis
the concentration
* smaller molecules diffuse
a solution
against more
rapidly
partially permeable -
4 0
dilute concentrated gradient
membrane = : isotonic
hypotonic hypertonic
↳ ↳
across a cell bulk transport :
requires
ATP
Active
Transport membrane used to transport
Hypotonic Hypertonic Molecules too
large to
the
pass through
Animal" -
carrier
the
proteins
energy
conformation I
from
:
snape .
ATP helps
ENDOCTTOSIS
-
:
plasma
=>
requires
membrane .
ATP .
cytolysed crenated ERMEABILITY :
now particles are
D ExOCTTOSIS :
* temprature cell .
:
brought into a now
large
plant
=> drops solid molecules are
phagocytosis
: =
saturated become compressed . liquid
fatty acids exported.
·
pinocytosis
=
ounsaturated
fatty acids become with the
-
fuses
-
O
compressed ↓the winus in their tail plasma membrane
the advacent phospholipid away
i
pushes . rescile
* Proteins a temprature :
>
maintains
fluidity .
-
·
can unfold
·
cholesterol buffers temprature
↳ wean It bonds ionic bonds . reduction .
fuidity
↳
prevents a in
·
can denature .
↳
prevents the phospholipids from
threads
cytoskeleton are
packing too
closely together .
·
proteins . => increases :
·
phospholipids acquire more linetic
energy a moves
randomly
.
↳ increases
fluidity 2 permeability
.
·
cholesterol molecules buffers .
5
molecule .
glycocalyx ,
(carbony date 2 .
Fluid Mosaic Model :
Chydrophobic
2
Active Processes Substance Direction Passive ? other info
o ⑳ i
ogiyprotein need
-
colipid
Goy ATP
:
Diffusion molecule > low n19
high
-
no
·
-
>
attached lipid.
- peripheral protein . Facilitated molecule ATP
high low no
through carrie
· -
L
bilayer
g
9909
↳
antigens
E
↳ enzymes site diffusion proteins.
phospholipid ↳ receptor
down 4 ATP
water molecules no
partially permeable
·
Osmosis a
& $62 nyarophobic
fatty acid tail low
gradient
ATP
membrane
active molecule -
high . protein carriers.
W
s protein &
a
channel carrier
Clons) transport
hydrophilic phosphate
-
protein
↓ mechanical head .
molecules facilitated diffusion : FACTORS AFFECTING
Stability ,
regulates
fuidity across a
partially permeable
NO ATP required DIFFUSION :
in
-
neurones :
membrane via protein channels -
only ninetic
energy * the diffusion
bigger the
:
-
Myclin Sheath flattened cells wrapped around several times . or carriers distance the slower the
special that enable to be
protein receptors antigens rate.
-
recognised.
be
may
or
may not
Diffusion molecules more *
larger SA
,
more diffusion
down a water potential across a membrane from high to low * temprature increases
gradient concentration diffusion
saresante
water molecules the
*
Steeper the
gradient
the faster the rate
across
⑮ mosis
the concentration
* smaller molecules diffuse
a solution
against more
rapidly
partially permeable -
4 0
dilute concentrated gradient
membrane = : isotonic
hypotonic hypertonic
↳ ↳
across a cell bulk transport :
requires
ATP
Active
Transport membrane used to transport
Hypotonic Hypertonic Molecules too
large to
the
pass through
Animal" -
carrier
the
proteins
energy
conformation I
from
:
snape .
ATP helps
ENDOCTTOSIS
-
:
plasma
=>
requires
membrane .
ATP .
cytolysed crenated ERMEABILITY :
now particles are
D ExOCTTOSIS :
* temprature cell .
:
brought into a now
large
plant
=> drops solid molecules are
phagocytosis
: =
saturated become compressed . liquid
fatty acids exported.
·
pinocytosis
=
ounsaturated
fatty acids become with the
-
fuses
-
O
compressed ↓the winus in their tail plasma membrane
the advacent phospholipid away
i
pushes . rescile
* Proteins a temprature :
>
maintains
fluidity .
-
·
can unfold
·
cholesterol buffers temprature
↳ wean It bonds ionic bonds . reduction .
fuidity
↳
prevents a in
·
can denature .
↳
prevents the phospholipids from
threads
cytoskeleton are
packing too
closely together .
·
proteins . => increases :
·
phospholipids acquire more linetic
energy a moves
randomly
.
↳ increases
fluidity 2 permeability
.
·
cholesterol molecules buffers .
