NUR 100 EXAM 1 EXAM PREP DOCUMENT | 2026/2027
Edition | 100 Verified Questions
NUR 100/ NUR100 Exam 1 (New 2026/ 2027 Update) Guide Qs & As| 100% Correct- Fortis.
100% Verified Solutions | Updated Per Latest Fortis Nursing Curriculum | Graded A+
This comprehensive exam prep document is designed for nursing students enrolled in NUR 100 at Fortis
College, covering all foundational content areas assessed in Exam 1. Each of the 100 questions has been
verified against the 2026/2027 Fortis nursing curriculum, current evidence-based nursing standards, and
the nursing process (ADPIE) framework. The questions reflect the actual Fortis College exam format,
featuring clinical scenarios that test foundational nursing knowledge, critical thinking, and safe patient
care principles essential for beginning nursing students.
Key Features
✓ The Nursing Process (ADPIE) application across all question types, with emphasis on assessment
data collection, NANDA-I nursing diagnosis formulation, goal setting, implementation of nursing
interventions, and outcome evaluation as the framework for clinical decision-making.
✓ Foundational health assessment techniques including vital signs measurement and interpretation
(temperature, pulse, blood pressure, respirations, pain), head-to-toe assessment overview, and
accurate documentation of assessment findings.
✓ Infection control and standard precautions covering the chain of infection, hand hygiene protocols,
transmission-based precautions (contact, droplet, airborne), surgical asepsis, sterile technique, and
proper PPE donning and doffing sequences per CDC guidelines.
✓ Vital signs interpretation and documentation with clinical scenarios requiring students to identify
abnormal values, recognize trends, and determine appropriate nursing actions based on vital sign
findings in various patient situations.
✓ Patient safety, mobility, and hygiene fundamentals including fall prevention strategies, safe patient
handling and body mechanics, positioning and transfer techniques, pressure injury prevention, basic
hygiene care, and comfort measures.
Updates for 2026
1. Updated NANDA-I Nursing Diagnosis Classifications for 2026: The NANDA International taxonomy
has been revised with 17 new nursing diagnoses, 8 revised diagnoses, and the retirement of several
outdated labels. Notable additions include diagnoses related to health literacy deficits, technology
dependency, and climate-related health impacts. The diagnostic labels and defining characteristics
referenced in this document reflect the current 2026 NANDA-I classification, ensuring students are
reviewing material aligned with the most recent taxonomic framework used in Fortis College assessments.
2. Revised National Fall Prevention and Patient Safety Protocols (2026): The AHRQ and Joint
Commission have updated fall prevention guidelines to include expanded Morse Fall Scale scoring
criteria, new evidence-based interventions for cognitive impairment-related falls, and mandatory post-fall
huddle documentation requirements. Additionally, the CDC STEADI initiative has been updated with
revised screening tools for older adult fall risk in acute care settings. These protocol changes are
integrated into the Patient Safety and Mobility questions in Domain 5.
3. New Standards for Health Equity and Culturally Competent Foundational Care (2026): The ANA and
National League for Nursing have released updated competency standards requiring foundational nursing
students to demonstrate understanding of social determinants of health, implicit bias recognition, and
culturally responsive communication techniques. These standards emphasize that even introductory-level
nursing education must incorporate health equity principles, including culturally sensitive approaches to
hygiene, comfort, and assessment that respect diverse patient backgrounds and preferences.
,Abstract
This exam prep document serves as a comprehensive review resource for NUR 100 Exam 1 at Fortis
College, encompassing the foundational competencies expected of beginning nursing students as defined
by the 2026/2027 Fortis nursing curriculum and current evidence-based nursing standards. The
document is organized into six content domains, each containing verified multiple-choice questions that
reflect the clinical reasoning and safe patient care emphasis of foundational nursing education. Domain 1
addresses the introduction to nursing and healthcare, including the roles and responsibilities of the nurse,
historical influences on the profession, scope of practice, ethical standards, and patient confidentiality.
Domain 2 covers the nursing process (ADPIE), encompassing assessment, nursing diagnosis formulation
using NANDA-I taxonomy, planning with measurable goals, implementation of nursing interventions,
and evaluation of outcomes. Domain 3 examines health assessment and vital signs, including
temperature, pulse, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and pain assessment. Domain 4 addresses infection
control and asepsis, covering the chain of infection, standard and transmission-based precautions, sterile
technique, and PPE usage. Domain 5 focuses on patient safety and mobility, including fall prevention,
restraints, body mechanics, positioning, fire safety, and pressure injury prevention. Domain 6 addresses
basic hygiene and comfort, encompassing bathing, oral care, sleep promotion, non-pharmacological
comfort measures, elimination, and cultural considerations. Each question includes a detailed rationale,
distractor analysis, and reference to the applicable textbook chapter or clinical guideline.
Keywords
NUR 100, Fortis College, Fundamentals of Nursing, Nursing Process, ADPIE, Health Assessment,
Infection Control, Vital Signs, Patient Safety, Mobility, Hygiene, NANDA-I, Standard Precautions, Fall
Prevention, Body Mechanics, Pressure Injury, Culturally Competent Care
Answer Format
Within each question, the correct answer is displayed in bold to provide immediate visual identification.
Following each question, a detailed rationale written in italicized explains the clinical reasoning
supporting the correct answer, grounded in current evidence-based nursing references and curriculum
standards. A 'Why Wrong' section follows, also in italicized Deep Teal, which briefly addresses each
distractor option and clarifies why it is incorrect, helping students identify common misconceptions and
knowledge gaps. Each question concludes with a Reference that specifies the relevant textbook chapter,
Fortis NUR 100 module, or clinical guideline, enabling targeted review and further study.
Content Area Overview
Content Area Questions Key Topics Weight
Domain 1: Introduction to Q1-Q17 (17) Nurse roles, historical figures, education/scope, 17%
Nursing & Healthcare ANA Code of Ethics, healthcare systems, HIPAA
Domain 2: The Nursing Q18-Q34 Assessment, NANDA-I diagnosis, planning/goals, 17%
Process (ADPIE) (17) implementation, evaluation, critical thinking
Domain 3: Health Q35-Q51 Temperature, pulse, blood pressure, respirations, 17%
Assessment & Vital Signs (17) pain assessment, head-to-toe overview
Domain 4: Infection Q52-Q68 Chain of infection, standard precautions, 17%
Control & Asepsis (17) transmission-based precautions, sterile
technique, PPE
Domain 5: Patient Safety Q69-Q84 Fall prevention, restraints, body mechanics, 16%
& Mobility (16) positioning/transfer, fire safety (RACE/PASS),
pressure injury
Domain 6: Basic Hygiene Q85-Q100 Bathing/skin care, oral hygiene, sleep promotion, 16%
& Comfort (16) non-pharmacological comfort, elimination,
cultural care
, ━━━ Domain: Introduction to Nursing & Healthcare ━━━
Q1. A nurse observes a colleague documenting a medication administration that was not actually given.
Which action should the nurse take FIRST?
A. Report the colleague to the charge nurse immediately
B. Confront the colleague privately and ask for an explanation
C. Document the observation in the patient's chart
D. Wait to see if the colleague corrects the documentation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Falsification of medical records is a serious violation of professional standards and poses a
direct threat to patient safety. The nurse has an ethical and legal obligation to report this behavior
through the chain of command immediately to protect the patient and uphold professional integrity.
Why Wrong: Option B delays necessary reporting and may allow falsified records to remain; option C
is inappropriate because peer observations are not documented in patient charts; option D allows an
unsafe condition to persist and makes the observing nurse complicit through inaction.
Reference: Potter & Perry Ch. 3; Fortis NUR 100 Module 1; ANA Code of Ethics Provision 3
Q2. A new graduate nurse is unsure whether a specific task falls within the scope of practice for an RN in
their state. Which resource should the nurse consult FIRST to determine scope of practice?
A. The employing hospital's policy and procedure manual
B. The state's Nurse Practice Act
C. The National Council of State Boards of Nursing website
D. The American Nurses Association standards of care
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Nurse Practice Act is the state-specific law that defines and governs the scope of
practice for registered nurses within that jurisdiction. Each state has its own Nurse Practice Act,
making it the primary legal authority for determining what an RN may or may not do in that state.
Why Wrong: Hospital policies are based on scope of practice but do not define it; the NCSBN provides
general guidance but the legal authority rests with each state; ANA standards are professional
guidelines rather than legally binding scope definitions.
Reference: Potter & Perry Ch. 1; Fortis NUR 100 Module 1; State Nurse Practice Acts
Q3. A nurse is assigned to care for a patient whose religious beliefs conflict with a prescribed blood
transfusion. The patient is competent and refuses the transfusion. Which role is the nurse demonstrating
by respecting the patient's decision?
A. Advocate
B. Manager
C. Educator
D. Researcher
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse acts as a patient advocate by supporting and respecting the competent patient's
right to make autonomous healthcare decisions, even when those decisions conflict with the medical
plan of care. Advocacy involves protecting patient rights and ensuring their voice is heard in all care
decisions.
Why Wrong: The manager role involves coordinating care and managing resources; the educator role
involves teaching patients about their conditions and treatments; the researcher role involves
generating and applying evidence-based knowledge. None of these specifically describe supporting a
patient's autonomous decision.
Reference: Potter & Perry Ch. 1; Fortis NUR 100 Module 1; ANA Code of Ethics Provision 1
, Q4. A charge nurse is organizing patient assignments for the shift. Which consideration should the charge
nurse prioritize when delegating tasks to a licensed practical nurse (LPN)?
A. The LPN's personal preference for certain types of patients
B. The LPN's scope of practice as defined by the state Nurse Practice Act
C. The LPN's years of experience on the unit
D. The LPN's willingness to accept additional responsibilities
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The scope of practice as defined by the state Nurse Practice Act is the legal foundation for
determining which tasks can be delegated to an LPN. Regardless of experience or willingness, an LPN
cannot legally perform tasks that fall outside their defined scope of practice, and the delegating RN
would be accountable for any improper delegation.
Why Wrong: Personal preference does not override legal scope of practice; years of experience may
enhance competency but cannot expand legal scope; willingness to accept tasks does not make out-of-
scope delegation permissible.
Reference: Potter & Perry Ch. 1; Fortis NUR 100 Module 1; NCSBN Delegation Guidelines
Q5. Florence Nightingale's contribution to modern nursing includes establishing which foundational
concept that remains central to nursing care today?
A. The nursing process as a five-step framework
B. The relationship between the environment and patient health outcomes
C. The use of nursing diagnosis to classify patient problems
D. The development of the first associate degree nursing program
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Florence Nightingale's pioneering work during the Crimean War demonstrated that
improving environmental conditions such as ventilation, cleanliness, and nutrition significantly reduced
mortality rates. Her Environmental Theory remains foundational to nursing, emphasizing that the
manipulation of the patient's environment promotes healing and recovery.
Why Wrong: The nursing process was formalized decades after Nightingale; NANDA-I nursing
diagnoses were developed starting in 1973; the first ADN program was established in 1952, not by
Nightingale.
Reference: Potter & Perry Ch. 1; Fortis NUR 100 Module 1; Nightingale's Environmental Theory
Q6. Virginia Henderson is best known for defining nursing as assisting the individual to perform
activities contributing to health that the person would perform unaided if they had the strength, will, or
knowledge. Which concept is central to Henderson's definition?
A. The nurse replaces the patient in activities of daily living
B. The nurse supplements the patient's abilities to achieve independence
C. The nurse focuses primarily on disease treatment
D. The nurse directs all aspects of patient care decisions
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Henderson's definition emphasizes that the nurse's role is to supplement or compensate for
what the patient lacks in strength, will, or knowledge so that the patient can achieve independence as
quickly as possible. The goal is always to move the patient toward self-sufficiency rather than creating
dependency.
Why Wrong: Henderson did not advocate replacing the patient but rather assisting toward
independence; her focus was on the whole person, not primarily on disease treatment; she emphasized
patient autonomy rather than nurse-directed decision-making.
Reference: Potter & Perry Ch. 1; Fortis NUR 100 Module 1; Henderson's Nursing Definition (1966)
Q7. Which historical figure is recognized as the first African American professionally trained nurse and
co-founded the National Association of Colored Graduate Nurses?
Edition | 100 Verified Questions
NUR 100/ NUR100 Exam 1 (New 2026/ 2027 Update) Guide Qs & As| 100% Correct- Fortis.
100% Verified Solutions | Updated Per Latest Fortis Nursing Curriculum | Graded A+
This comprehensive exam prep document is designed for nursing students enrolled in NUR 100 at Fortis
College, covering all foundational content areas assessed in Exam 1. Each of the 100 questions has been
verified against the 2026/2027 Fortis nursing curriculum, current evidence-based nursing standards, and
the nursing process (ADPIE) framework. The questions reflect the actual Fortis College exam format,
featuring clinical scenarios that test foundational nursing knowledge, critical thinking, and safe patient
care principles essential for beginning nursing students.
Key Features
✓ The Nursing Process (ADPIE) application across all question types, with emphasis on assessment
data collection, NANDA-I nursing diagnosis formulation, goal setting, implementation of nursing
interventions, and outcome evaluation as the framework for clinical decision-making.
✓ Foundational health assessment techniques including vital signs measurement and interpretation
(temperature, pulse, blood pressure, respirations, pain), head-to-toe assessment overview, and
accurate documentation of assessment findings.
✓ Infection control and standard precautions covering the chain of infection, hand hygiene protocols,
transmission-based precautions (contact, droplet, airborne), surgical asepsis, sterile technique, and
proper PPE donning and doffing sequences per CDC guidelines.
✓ Vital signs interpretation and documentation with clinical scenarios requiring students to identify
abnormal values, recognize trends, and determine appropriate nursing actions based on vital sign
findings in various patient situations.
✓ Patient safety, mobility, and hygiene fundamentals including fall prevention strategies, safe patient
handling and body mechanics, positioning and transfer techniques, pressure injury prevention, basic
hygiene care, and comfort measures.
Updates for 2026
1. Updated NANDA-I Nursing Diagnosis Classifications for 2026: The NANDA International taxonomy
has been revised with 17 new nursing diagnoses, 8 revised diagnoses, and the retirement of several
outdated labels. Notable additions include diagnoses related to health literacy deficits, technology
dependency, and climate-related health impacts. The diagnostic labels and defining characteristics
referenced in this document reflect the current 2026 NANDA-I classification, ensuring students are
reviewing material aligned with the most recent taxonomic framework used in Fortis College assessments.
2. Revised National Fall Prevention and Patient Safety Protocols (2026): The AHRQ and Joint
Commission have updated fall prevention guidelines to include expanded Morse Fall Scale scoring
criteria, new evidence-based interventions for cognitive impairment-related falls, and mandatory post-fall
huddle documentation requirements. Additionally, the CDC STEADI initiative has been updated with
revised screening tools for older adult fall risk in acute care settings. These protocol changes are
integrated into the Patient Safety and Mobility questions in Domain 5.
3. New Standards for Health Equity and Culturally Competent Foundational Care (2026): The ANA and
National League for Nursing have released updated competency standards requiring foundational nursing
students to demonstrate understanding of social determinants of health, implicit bias recognition, and
culturally responsive communication techniques. These standards emphasize that even introductory-level
nursing education must incorporate health equity principles, including culturally sensitive approaches to
hygiene, comfort, and assessment that respect diverse patient backgrounds and preferences.
,Abstract
This exam prep document serves as a comprehensive review resource for NUR 100 Exam 1 at Fortis
College, encompassing the foundational competencies expected of beginning nursing students as defined
by the 2026/2027 Fortis nursing curriculum and current evidence-based nursing standards. The
document is organized into six content domains, each containing verified multiple-choice questions that
reflect the clinical reasoning and safe patient care emphasis of foundational nursing education. Domain 1
addresses the introduction to nursing and healthcare, including the roles and responsibilities of the nurse,
historical influences on the profession, scope of practice, ethical standards, and patient confidentiality.
Domain 2 covers the nursing process (ADPIE), encompassing assessment, nursing diagnosis formulation
using NANDA-I taxonomy, planning with measurable goals, implementation of nursing interventions,
and evaluation of outcomes. Domain 3 examines health assessment and vital signs, including
temperature, pulse, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and pain assessment. Domain 4 addresses infection
control and asepsis, covering the chain of infection, standard and transmission-based precautions, sterile
technique, and PPE usage. Domain 5 focuses on patient safety and mobility, including fall prevention,
restraints, body mechanics, positioning, fire safety, and pressure injury prevention. Domain 6 addresses
basic hygiene and comfort, encompassing bathing, oral care, sleep promotion, non-pharmacological
comfort measures, elimination, and cultural considerations. Each question includes a detailed rationale,
distractor analysis, and reference to the applicable textbook chapter or clinical guideline.
Keywords
NUR 100, Fortis College, Fundamentals of Nursing, Nursing Process, ADPIE, Health Assessment,
Infection Control, Vital Signs, Patient Safety, Mobility, Hygiene, NANDA-I, Standard Precautions, Fall
Prevention, Body Mechanics, Pressure Injury, Culturally Competent Care
Answer Format
Within each question, the correct answer is displayed in bold to provide immediate visual identification.
Following each question, a detailed rationale written in italicized explains the clinical reasoning
supporting the correct answer, grounded in current evidence-based nursing references and curriculum
standards. A 'Why Wrong' section follows, also in italicized Deep Teal, which briefly addresses each
distractor option and clarifies why it is incorrect, helping students identify common misconceptions and
knowledge gaps. Each question concludes with a Reference that specifies the relevant textbook chapter,
Fortis NUR 100 module, or clinical guideline, enabling targeted review and further study.
Content Area Overview
Content Area Questions Key Topics Weight
Domain 1: Introduction to Q1-Q17 (17) Nurse roles, historical figures, education/scope, 17%
Nursing & Healthcare ANA Code of Ethics, healthcare systems, HIPAA
Domain 2: The Nursing Q18-Q34 Assessment, NANDA-I diagnosis, planning/goals, 17%
Process (ADPIE) (17) implementation, evaluation, critical thinking
Domain 3: Health Q35-Q51 Temperature, pulse, blood pressure, respirations, 17%
Assessment & Vital Signs (17) pain assessment, head-to-toe overview
Domain 4: Infection Q52-Q68 Chain of infection, standard precautions, 17%
Control & Asepsis (17) transmission-based precautions, sterile
technique, PPE
Domain 5: Patient Safety Q69-Q84 Fall prevention, restraints, body mechanics, 16%
& Mobility (16) positioning/transfer, fire safety (RACE/PASS),
pressure injury
Domain 6: Basic Hygiene Q85-Q100 Bathing/skin care, oral hygiene, sleep promotion, 16%
& Comfort (16) non-pharmacological comfort, elimination,
cultural care
, ━━━ Domain: Introduction to Nursing & Healthcare ━━━
Q1. A nurse observes a colleague documenting a medication administration that was not actually given.
Which action should the nurse take FIRST?
A. Report the colleague to the charge nurse immediately
B. Confront the colleague privately and ask for an explanation
C. Document the observation in the patient's chart
D. Wait to see if the colleague corrects the documentation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Falsification of medical records is a serious violation of professional standards and poses a
direct threat to patient safety. The nurse has an ethical and legal obligation to report this behavior
through the chain of command immediately to protect the patient and uphold professional integrity.
Why Wrong: Option B delays necessary reporting and may allow falsified records to remain; option C
is inappropriate because peer observations are not documented in patient charts; option D allows an
unsafe condition to persist and makes the observing nurse complicit through inaction.
Reference: Potter & Perry Ch. 3; Fortis NUR 100 Module 1; ANA Code of Ethics Provision 3
Q2. A new graduate nurse is unsure whether a specific task falls within the scope of practice for an RN in
their state. Which resource should the nurse consult FIRST to determine scope of practice?
A. The employing hospital's policy and procedure manual
B. The state's Nurse Practice Act
C. The National Council of State Boards of Nursing website
D. The American Nurses Association standards of care
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Nurse Practice Act is the state-specific law that defines and governs the scope of
practice for registered nurses within that jurisdiction. Each state has its own Nurse Practice Act,
making it the primary legal authority for determining what an RN may or may not do in that state.
Why Wrong: Hospital policies are based on scope of practice but do not define it; the NCSBN provides
general guidance but the legal authority rests with each state; ANA standards are professional
guidelines rather than legally binding scope definitions.
Reference: Potter & Perry Ch. 1; Fortis NUR 100 Module 1; State Nurse Practice Acts
Q3. A nurse is assigned to care for a patient whose religious beliefs conflict with a prescribed blood
transfusion. The patient is competent and refuses the transfusion. Which role is the nurse demonstrating
by respecting the patient's decision?
A. Advocate
B. Manager
C. Educator
D. Researcher
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse acts as a patient advocate by supporting and respecting the competent patient's
right to make autonomous healthcare decisions, even when those decisions conflict with the medical
plan of care. Advocacy involves protecting patient rights and ensuring their voice is heard in all care
decisions.
Why Wrong: The manager role involves coordinating care and managing resources; the educator role
involves teaching patients about their conditions and treatments; the researcher role involves
generating and applying evidence-based knowledge. None of these specifically describe supporting a
patient's autonomous decision.
Reference: Potter & Perry Ch. 1; Fortis NUR 100 Module 1; ANA Code of Ethics Provision 1
, Q4. A charge nurse is organizing patient assignments for the shift. Which consideration should the charge
nurse prioritize when delegating tasks to a licensed practical nurse (LPN)?
A. The LPN's personal preference for certain types of patients
B. The LPN's scope of practice as defined by the state Nurse Practice Act
C. The LPN's years of experience on the unit
D. The LPN's willingness to accept additional responsibilities
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The scope of practice as defined by the state Nurse Practice Act is the legal foundation for
determining which tasks can be delegated to an LPN. Regardless of experience or willingness, an LPN
cannot legally perform tasks that fall outside their defined scope of practice, and the delegating RN
would be accountable for any improper delegation.
Why Wrong: Personal preference does not override legal scope of practice; years of experience may
enhance competency but cannot expand legal scope; willingness to accept tasks does not make out-of-
scope delegation permissible.
Reference: Potter & Perry Ch. 1; Fortis NUR 100 Module 1; NCSBN Delegation Guidelines
Q5. Florence Nightingale's contribution to modern nursing includes establishing which foundational
concept that remains central to nursing care today?
A. The nursing process as a five-step framework
B. The relationship between the environment and patient health outcomes
C. The use of nursing diagnosis to classify patient problems
D. The development of the first associate degree nursing program
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Florence Nightingale's pioneering work during the Crimean War demonstrated that
improving environmental conditions such as ventilation, cleanliness, and nutrition significantly reduced
mortality rates. Her Environmental Theory remains foundational to nursing, emphasizing that the
manipulation of the patient's environment promotes healing and recovery.
Why Wrong: The nursing process was formalized decades after Nightingale; NANDA-I nursing
diagnoses were developed starting in 1973; the first ADN program was established in 1952, not by
Nightingale.
Reference: Potter & Perry Ch. 1; Fortis NUR 100 Module 1; Nightingale's Environmental Theory
Q6. Virginia Henderson is best known for defining nursing as assisting the individual to perform
activities contributing to health that the person would perform unaided if they had the strength, will, or
knowledge. Which concept is central to Henderson's definition?
A. The nurse replaces the patient in activities of daily living
B. The nurse supplements the patient's abilities to achieve independence
C. The nurse focuses primarily on disease treatment
D. The nurse directs all aspects of patient care decisions
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Henderson's definition emphasizes that the nurse's role is to supplement or compensate for
what the patient lacks in strength, will, or knowledge so that the patient can achieve independence as
quickly as possible. The goal is always to move the patient toward self-sufficiency rather than creating
dependency.
Why Wrong: Henderson did not advocate replacing the patient but rather assisting toward
independence; her focus was on the whole person, not primarily on disease treatment; she emphasized
patient autonomy rather than nurse-directed decision-making.
Reference: Potter & Perry Ch. 1; Fortis NUR 100 Module 1; Henderson's Nursing Definition (1966)
Q7. Which historical figure is recognized as the first African American professionally trained nurse and
co-founded the National Association of Colored Graduate Nurses?
