CMN 554-Unit 4-Part 1 || A+ Graded.
An individual's enduring and pervasive motivations, emotions, interpersonal styles, attitudes, and
traits correct answers What is personality?
correct answers What is character?
An enduring pattern of behavior and inner experiences that deviates significantly from the
individual's cultural standards; is rigid; has an onset in adolescence/early adulthood and is stable
through time; leads to unhappiness/impairment correct answers What is the definition of a
general personality disorder?
the body's biases in the modulation of conditioned behavioral responses to prescriptive physical
stimuli correct answers What is temperament?
*ego-syntonic = symptoms are acceptable to the ego
*they do not feel anxiety about their maladaptive behavior thus they are often disinterested in
treatment and resistant to recovery correct answers What is meant by characterizing the traits of
personality disorders as ego-syntonic?
- Features must have been present for at least 1 year
- Exception to this is antisocial personality disorder, which cannot be diagnosed in individual
under the age of 18 correct answers When is a personality disorder diagnosed in an individual
under 18 years of age?
-Schizoid personality disorder: Early childhood or adolescence.
-Antisocial personality disorder: Late adolescence.
-Borderline personality disorder: Before age 40 correct answers What is the usual age of onset
for personality disorders?
-A quick, simultaneous movement of both eyes (ex.jumpy).
-Individuals who exhibit this are introverts, have low self esteem and tend to withdraw, and who
have schizotypal personality disorder. correct answers What is "smooth pursuit" of eye
movements? What types of individuals exhibit this?
-Diminished central serotonin plays a role in SI
-Low concentrations of 5-H1AA in the lumbar cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were associated with
suicidal behavior.
-Postmortem neurochemical studies have reported modest decreases in serotonin itself or 5-
HIAA in either the brainstem or the frontal cortex of suicide victims.
-Low concentrations of 5-HIAA in CSF also predict future suicidal behavior correct answers
How does 5-H1AA relate to suicide?
Slow wave activity correct answers What are the EEG changes seen in patients with antisocial
and borderline personality disorder?
, The unconscious mental processes that the ego uses to resolve conflicts among the lodestars of
the inner life: instinct (wish or need), reality, important persons, and conscience correct answers
What are defense mechanisms?
Often labeled schizoid, those who are eccentric, isolate, seek solace & satisfaction within
themselves by creating imaginary lives or friends. Persons may seem aloof or unsociable
however these patients have a fear of intimacy correct answers Define defense mechanism:
Fantasy
Denial is a Pollyanna-like replacement of unpleasant effects with pleasant ones to avoid
emotional distress.
-Often labeled histrionic personalities and appear
emotionally shallow and dramatic.
-Example: Behave like anxious adolescents who carelessly expose themselves to exciting
dangers to erase anxiety. correct answers Define defense mechanism: Dissociation
-Prevents harmful thoughts from becoming recurrent. -Isolation is characteristic of controlled
orderly persons often labeled obsessive-compulsive personalities.
-In crisis, these patients may show intensified self-restraint, overly formal seriousness and
obstinacy in order to maintain control. correct answers Define defense mechanism: Isolation
-patients place their own unwanted feelings onto someone else.
-Patients' excessive fault finding and sensitivity to criticism may appear as prejudice,
suspiciousness or hypervigilant injustice collecting correct answers Define defense mechanism:
Projection
the patient's ambivalent feelings towards another person are divided into "all good" or "all bad".
correct answers Define defense mechanism: Splitting
-persons turn their anger inward, against themselves, a phenomenon called masochism, and
includes, failure, procrastination, silly or provocative behavior self-demeaning clowning, and
self-destructive acts such as cutting. correct answers Define defense mechanism: Passive
aggression
-patients directly express unconscious wishes or conflicts through action to avoid being
conscious of either the accompanying idea or the affect.
Common examples: tantrums, apparently motiveless assaults, child abuse, and pleasureless
promiscuity. correct answers Define defense mechanism: Acting out
-mainly seen in borderline personality disorder where intolerable aspects of the self are projected
onto another person; the other person is coerced to play the projected role, and the two persons
act in union. correct answers Define defense mechanism: Projective identification
-Harm Avoidance
-Novelty Seeking
-Reward Dependence
An individual's enduring and pervasive motivations, emotions, interpersonal styles, attitudes, and
traits correct answers What is personality?
correct answers What is character?
An enduring pattern of behavior and inner experiences that deviates significantly from the
individual's cultural standards; is rigid; has an onset in adolescence/early adulthood and is stable
through time; leads to unhappiness/impairment correct answers What is the definition of a
general personality disorder?
the body's biases in the modulation of conditioned behavioral responses to prescriptive physical
stimuli correct answers What is temperament?
*ego-syntonic = symptoms are acceptable to the ego
*they do not feel anxiety about their maladaptive behavior thus they are often disinterested in
treatment and resistant to recovery correct answers What is meant by characterizing the traits of
personality disorders as ego-syntonic?
- Features must have been present for at least 1 year
- Exception to this is antisocial personality disorder, which cannot be diagnosed in individual
under the age of 18 correct answers When is a personality disorder diagnosed in an individual
under 18 years of age?
-Schizoid personality disorder: Early childhood or adolescence.
-Antisocial personality disorder: Late adolescence.
-Borderline personality disorder: Before age 40 correct answers What is the usual age of onset
for personality disorders?
-A quick, simultaneous movement of both eyes (ex.jumpy).
-Individuals who exhibit this are introverts, have low self esteem and tend to withdraw, and who
have schizotypal personality disorder. correct answers What is "smooth pursuit" of eye
movements? What types of individuals exhibit this?
-Diminished central serotonin plays a role in SI
-Low concentrations of 5-H1AA in the lumbar cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were associated with
suicidal behavior.
-Postmortem neurochemical studies have reported modest decreases in serotonin itself or 5-
HIAA in either the brainstem or the frontal cortex of suicide victims.
-Low concentrations of 5-HIAA in CSF also predict future suicidal behavior correct answers
How does 5-H1AA relate to suicide?
Slow wave activity correct answers What are the EEG changes seen in patients with antisocial
and borderline personality disorder?
, The unconscious mental processes that the ego uses to resolve conflicts among the lodestars of
the inner life: instinct (wish or need), reality, important persons, and conscience correct answers
What are defense mechanisms?
Often labeled schizoid, those who are eccentric, isolate, seek solace & satisfaction within
themselves by creating imaginary lives or friends. Persons may seem aloof or unsociable
however these patients have a fear of intimacy correct answers Define defense mechanism:
Fantasy
Denial is a Pollyanna-like replacement of unpleasant effects with pleasant ones to avoid
emotional distress.
-Often labeled histrionic personalities and appear
emotionally shallow and dramatic.
-Example: Behave like anxious adolescents who carelessly expose themselves to exciting
dangers to erase anxiety. correct answers Define defense mechanism: Dissociation
-Prevents harmful thoughts from becoming recurrent. -Isolation is characteristic of controlled
orderly persons often labeled obsessive-compulsive personalities.
-In crisis, these patients may show intensified self-restraint, overly formal seriousness and
obstinacy in order to maintain control. correct answers Define defense mechanism: Isolation
-patients place their own unwanted feelings onto someone else.
-Patients' excessive fault finding and sensitivity to criticism may appear as prejudice,
suspiciousness or hypervigilant injustice collecting correct answers Define defense mechanism:
Projection
the patient's ambivalent feelings towards another person are divided into "all good" or "all bad".
correct answers Define defense mechanism: Splitting
-persons turn their anger inward, against themselves, a phenomenon called masochism, and
includes, failure, procrastination, silly or provocative behavior self-demeaning clowning, and
self-destructive acts such as cutting. correct answers Define defense mechanism: Passive
aggression
-patients directly express unconscious wishes or conflicts through action to avoid being
conscious of either the accompanying idea or the affect.
Common examples: tantrums, apparently motiveless assaults, child abuse, and pleasureless
promiscuity. correct answers Define defense mechanism: Acting out
-mainly seen in borderline personality disorder where intolerable aspects of the self are projected
onto another person; the other person is coerced to play the projected role, and the two persons
act in union. correct answers Define defense mechanism: Projective identification
-Harm Avoidance
-Novelty Seeking
-Reward Dependence
