Neuropsychology Exam 2 2026 Questions
and Answers Graded A+
Memory - Correct answer-forms the basis of experience and perception of self; it is
dynamic and malleable; it allows people to travel back in time; pervades most
aspects of human experience; the foundation of social communication; it is
parceled into subsystems based on ideas of storage and processing; it is a fragile
system, affected by many disorders, including dementias, such as alzheimer's, toxic
conditions, loss of oxygen, and head injury.
Anterograde Amnesia - Correct answer-is the loss of the ability to encode and learn
new information after a defined event (such as head injury, lesion, or disease
onset). Often caused by damage to the hippocampus.
Retrograde Amnesia - Correct answer-is the loss of old memories from before an
event or illness.
Short Term Memory (STM) - Correct answer-is of limited capacity (7+/-2 bits of
information) and degrades quickly over a matter of seconds if information is not
held via a means such as rehearsal, or transferred to long term memory; does not
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,accommodate more than a few thoughts, ideas, or bits of information at a time; as
new bits arrive they may take the place of others or simply degrade; uses
phonological coding, relying on an acoustic code
Long Term Memory (LTM) - Correct answer-is of unlimited capacity and relatively
permanent except for models that suggest that loss of information through
forgetting is possible. neuropsychologists are referring to the specific ability to
register information (encode), organize the information in a meaningful way
(storage), and recall or recognize the information when needed (retrieval). The
ability to learn and retain new information. Heavily uses semantic coding, or the
associative meaning value of information to be remembered.
Remote Memory - Correct answer-concerns memory for long-past events
Declarative Memory - Correct answer-is explicit and accessible to conscious
awareness; there is no one memory storage system; most neuropsychologists think
of the memory as being ultimately stored in the area where it was 1st processed;
the function of this system is to process the information in such ways as to tag it or
consolidate it for storage in the brain.
Three Constellations of brain structures in declarative memory - Correct answer-
the first centers around the medial temporal lobes, the second around the
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, diencephalon, and the third in the basal forebrain; information funnels into the
hippocampus
Procedural Memory - Correct answer-is usually implicit, and a person
demonstrates it via performance; concerns the learning of procedures, rules, or
skills manifested through performance rather than verbalization, although
conscious awareness may aid procedural learning.
Non-declarative Memory - Correct answer-"habit memory"; "procedural memory";
"Implicit Memory"; One area of nondeclarative memory concerns perceptual
motor adaptation & skill acquisition
Episodic Memory - Correct answer-refers to individual episodes, usually
autobiographical, that have specific spatial and temporal tags in memory
Semantic Memory - Correct answer-refers to memory for information and facts
that have no specific time tag reference. (trivia is an example of this memory)
Implicit Memory - Correct answer-implies influence by prior experience without
conscious awareness of the event.
Components of Memory - Correct answer-Central executive, articulatory
phonological loop, and visual-spatial sketch pad.
©COPYRIGHT 2026, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
and Answers Graded A+
Memory - Correct answer-forms the basis of experience and perception of self; it is
dynamic and malleable; it allows people to travel back in time; pervades most
aspects of human experience; the foundation of social communication; it is
parceled into subsystems based on ideas of storage and processing; it is a fragile
system, affected by many disorders, including dementias, such as alzheimer's, toxic
conditions, loss of oxygen, and head injury.
Anterograde Amnesia - Correct answer-is the loss of the ability to encode and learn
new information after a defined event (such as head injury, lesion, or disease
onset). Often caused by damage to the hippocampus.
Retrograde Amnesia - Correct answer-is the loss of old memories from before an
event or illness.
Short Term Memory (STM) - Correct answer-is of limited capacity (7+/-2 bits of
information) and degrades quickly over a matter of seconds if information is not
held via a means such as rehearsal, or transferred to long term memory; does not
©COPYRIGHT 2026, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,accommodate more than a few thoughts, ideas, or bits of information at a time; as
new bits arrive they may take the place of others or simply degrade; uses
phonological coding, relying on an acoustic code
Long Term Memory (LTM) - Correct answer-is of unlimited capacity and relatively
permanent except for models that suggest that loss of information through
forgetting is possible. neuropsychologists are referring to the specific ability to
register information (encode), organize the information in a meaningful way
(storage), and recall or recognize the information when needed (retrieval). The
ability to learn and retain new information. Heavily uses semantic coding, or the
associative meaning value of information to be remembered.
Remote Memory - Correct answer-concerns memory for long-past events
Declarative Memory - Correct answer-is explicit and accessible to conscious
awareness; there is no one memory storage system; most neuropsychologists think
of the memory as being ultimately stored in the area where it was 1st processed;
the function of this system is to process the information in such ways as to tag it or
consolidate it for storage in the brain.
Three Constellations of brain structures in declarative memory - Correct answer-
the first centers around the medial temporal lobes, the second around the
©COPYRIGHT 2026, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
, diencephalon, and the third in the basal forebrain; information funnels into the
hippocampus
Procedural Memory - Correct answer-is usually implicit, and a person
demonstrates it via performance; concerns the learning of procedures, rules, or
skills manifested through performance rather than verbalization, although
conscious awareness may aid procedural learning.
Non-declarative Memory - Correct answer-"habit memory"; "procedural memory";
"Implicit Memory"; One area of nondeclarative memory concerns perceptual
motor adaptation & skill acquisition
Episodic Memory - Correct answer-refers to individual episodes, usually
autobiographical, that have specific spatial and temporal tags in memory
Semantic Memory - Correct answer-refers to memory for information and facts
that have no specific time tag reference. (trivia is an example of this memory)
Implicit Memory - Correct answer-implies influence by prior experience without
conscious awareness of the event.
Components of Memory - Correct answer-Central executive, articulatory
phonological loop, and visual-spatial sketch pad.
©COPYRIGHT 2026, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
