NCCAOM BIOMEDICINE LATEST EXAMS TEST QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔information processing back to cerebrum
regulation of motor functions
sleep and wake states - ✔✔thalamus
✔✔control of emotions
blood pressure regulation
thirst
heart rate
sleep cycles (circadian rhythms)
regulation of body temperature
water balance - ✔✔hypothalamus
✔✔control of respiratory and heart rates
peripheral blood flow - ✔✔brain stem
✔✔VERTICAL ANATOMICAL LEVELS: beginning of esophagus and trachea - ✔✔C6
✔✔VERTICAL ANATOMICAL LEVELS: highest point of thoracic duct (lymph drainage)
- ✔✔C7
✔✔VERTICAL ANATOMICAL LEVELS: apex of lungs - ✔✔T1
✔✔VERTICAL ANATOMICAL LEVELS: arch of aorta - ✔✔T4
✔✔VERTICAL ANATOMICAL LEVELS: inferior angle of scapula - ✔✔T7
✔✔VERTICAL ANATOMICAL LEVELS: xiphoid -- sternal angle - ✔✔T9
✔✔VERTICAL ANATOMICAL LEVELS: esophageal hiatus in diaphragm - ✔✔T10
✔✔VERTICAL ANATOMICAL LEVELS: end of spinal cord, testicular or ovarian artery -
✔✔L2
✔✔VERTICAL ANATOMICAL LEVELS: inferior mesenteric artery - ✔✔L3
✔✔VERTICAL ANATOMICAL LEVELS: iliac crest, umbilicus - ✔✔L4
✔✔conduct impulses -- the "wiring" of the nervous system's information circuits -
✔✔neurons
,✔✔contains nucleus, cytoplasm, and organelles - ✔✔soma (cell body)
✔✔branches from the cell bodies
receive stimuli that initiate nerve signals - ✔✔dendrites
✔✔conducts impulses away from cell body - ✔✔axon
✔✔peptide and transmitter of many central neurons (dorsal root ganglia and basal
ganglia)
transmits pain - ✔✔Substance P
✔✔act like opiates to block pain - ✔✔endorphins, enkephalins
✔✔Alzheimer's Disease treatment
a) cholinergic enhancers (aricept - donepezil), tricyclic antidepressants (remeron -
mirtazapine), provigil, NSAIDs, memantine, gingko biloba
b) levodopa, anticholinergics
c) interferon, corticosteroids, plasmapheresis, lioresal - baclofen, tizanidine - zanaflex,
benzodizepines, antidepressants, amantadine
d) carbamazepine, phenytoin, amitriptyline
e) corticosteroids - ✔✔A
✔✔Parkinson's disease treatment
a) cholinergic enhancers (aricept - donepezil), tricyclic antidepressants (remeron -
mirtazapine), provigil, NSAIDs, memantine, gingko biloba
b) levodopa, anticholinergics
c) interferon, corticosteroids, plasmapheresis, lioresal - baclofen, tizanidine - zanaflex,
benzodizepines, antidepressants, amantadine
d) carbamazepine, phenytoin, amitriptyline
e) corticosteroids - ✔✔B
✔✔Multiple Sclerosis treatment
a) cholinergic enhancers (aricept - donepezil), tricyclic antidepressants (remeron -
mirtazapine), provigil, NSAIDs, memantine, gingko biloba
b) levodopa, anticholinergics
c) interferon, corticosteroids, plasmapheresis, lioresal - baclofen, tizanidine - zanaflex,
benzodizepines, antidepressants, amantadine
d) carbamazepine, phenytoin, amitriptyline
e) corticosteroids - ✔✔C
✔✔Trigeminal Neuralgia treatment
a) cholinergic enhancers (aricept - donepezil), tricyclic antidepressants (remeron -
mirtazapine), provigil, NSAIDs, memantine, gingko biloba
b) levodopa, anticholinergics
, c) interferon, corticosteroids, plasmapheresis, lioresal - baclofen, tizanidine - zanaflex,
benzodizepines, antidepressants, amantadine
d) carbamazepine, phenytoin, amitriptyline
e) corticosteroids - ✔✔D
✔✔Bell's Palsy treatment
a) cholinergic enhancers (aricept - donepezil), tricyclic antidepressants (remeron -
mirtazapine), provigil, NSAIDs, memantine, gingko biloba
b) levodopa, anticholinergics
c) interferon, corticosteroids, plasmapheresis, lioresal - baclofen, tizanidine - zanaflex,
benzodizepines, antidepressants, amantadine
d) carbamazepine, phenytoin, amitriptyline
e) corticosteroids - ✔✔E
✔✔STAGE OF WOUNDS OF DECUBITUS ULCERS:
characterized by reddening of the skin
skin is unbroken and wound is superficial
like a sunburn
treatment consists of turning or alleviating pressure in some form or avoiding more
exposure to the cause of injury - ✔✔1
✔✔STAGE OF WOUNDS OF DECUBITUS ULCERS:
blister is either broken or unbroken
partial layer of skin is now injured
must cover, protect, and clean the area
quick attention is very important - ✔✔2
✔✔STAGE OF WOUNDS OF DECUBITUS ULCERS:
wound extends through layers of the skin
primary site for serious infection to occur
treat same as previous stage
medial care necessary to promote healing and prevent infection - ✔✔3
✔✔STAGE OF WOUNDS OF DECUBITUS ULCERS:
extends through skin and involves underlying muscle, tendons, and bone
tissue necrosis
diameter is not as important as the depth
very serious and may be life-threatening
must have medical care
surgical removal of necrotic/decayed tissue is often used for large-diameter wounds -
✔✔4
✔✔chronic excretion of very large amounts of pale urine of low specific gravity
causes dehydration and extreme thirst
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔information processing back to cerebrum
regulation of motor functions
sleep and wake states - ✔✔thalamus
✔✔control of emotions
blood pressure regulation
thirst
heart rate
sleep cycles (circadian rhythms)
regulation of body temperature
water balance - ✔✔hypothalamus
✔✔control of respiratory and heart rates
peripheral blood flow - ✔✔brain stem
✔✔VERTICAL ANATOMICAL LEVELS: beginning of esophagus and trachea - ✔✔C6
✔✔VERTICAL ANATOMICAL LEVELS: highest point of thoracic duct (lymph drainage)
- ✔✔C7
✔✔VERTICAL ANATOMICAL LEVELS: apex of lungs - ✔✔T1
✔✔VERTICAL ANATOMICAL LEVELS: arch of aorta - ✔✔T4
✔✔VERTICAL ANATOMICAL LEVELS: inferior angle of scapula - ✔✔T7
✔✔VERTICAL ANATOMICAL LEVELS: xiphoid -- sternal angle - ✔✔T9
✔✔VERTICAL ANATOMICAL LEVELS: esophageal hiatus in diaphragm - ✔✔T10
✔✔VERTICAL ANATOMICAL LEVELS: end of spinal cord, testicular or ovarian artery -
✔✔L2
✔✔VERTICAL ANATOMICAL LEVELS: inferior mesenteric artery - ✔✔L3
✔✔VERTICAL ANATOMICAL LEVELS: iliac crest, umbilicus - ✔✔L4
✔✔conduct impulses -- the "wiring" of the nervous system's information circuits -
✔✔neurons
,✔✔contains nucleus, cytoplasm, and organelles - ✔✔soma (cell body)
✔✔branches from the cell bodies
receive stimuli that initiate nerve signals - ✔✔dendrites
✔✔conducts impulses away from cell body - ✔✔axon
✔✔peptide and transmitter of many central neurons (dorsal root ganglia and basal
ganglia)
transmits pain - ✔✔Substance P
✔✔act like opiates to block pain - ✔✔endorphins, enkephalins
✔✔Alzheimer's Disease treatment
a) cholinergic enhancers (aricept - donepezil), tricyclic antidepressants (remeron -
mirtazapine), provigil, NSAIDs, memantine, gingko biloba
b) levodopa, anticholinergics
c) interferon, corticosteroids, plasmapheresis, lioresal - baclofen, tizanidine - zanaflex,
benzodizepines, antidepressants, amantadine
d) carbamazepine, phenytoin, amitriptyline
e) corticosteroids - ✔✔A
✔✔Parkinson's disease treatment
a) cholinergic enhancers (aricept - donepezil), tricyclic antidepressants (remeron -
mirtazapine), provigil, NSAIDs, memantine, gingko biloba
b) levodopa, anticholinergics
c) interferon, corticosteroids, plasmapheresis, lioresal - baclofen, tizanidine - zanaflex,
benzodizepines, antidepressants, amantadine
d) carbamazepine, phenytoin, amitriptyline
e) corticosteroids - ✔✔B
✔✔Multiple Sclerosis treatment
a) cholinergic enhancers (aricept - donepezil), tricyclic antidepressants (remeron -
mirtazapine), provigil, NSAIDs, memantine, gingko biloba
b) levodopa, anticholinergics
c) interferon, corticosteroids, plasmapheresis, lioresal - baclofen, tizanidine - zanaflex,
benzodizepines, antidepressants, amantadine
d) carbamazepine, phenytoin, amitriptyline
e) corticosteroids - ✔✔C
✔✔Trigeminal Neuralgia treatment
a) cholinergic enhancers (aricept - donepezil), tricyclic antidepressants (remeron -
mirtazapine), provigil, NSAIDs, memantine, gingko biloba
b) levodopa, anticholinergics
, c) interferon, corticosteroids, plasmapheresis, lioresal - baclofen, tizanidine - zanaflex,
benzodizepines, antidepressants, amantadine
d) carbamazepine, phenytoin, amitriptyline
e) corticosteroids - ✔✔D
✔✔Bell's Palsy treatment
a) cholinergic enhancers (aricept - donepezil), tricyclic antidepressants (remeron -
mirtazapine), provigil, NSAIDs, memantine, gingko biloba
b) levodopa, anticholinergics
c) interferon, corticosteroids, plasmapheresis, lioresal - baclofen, tizanidine - zanaflex,
benzodizepines, antidepressants, amantadine
d) carbamazepine, phenytoin, amitriptyline
e) corticosteroids - ✔✔E
✔✔STAGE OF WOUNDS OF DECUBITUS ULCERS:
characterized by reddening of the skin
skin is unbroken and wound is superficial
like a sunburn
treatment consists of turning or alleviating pressure in some form or avoiding more
exposure to the cause of injury - ✔✔1
✔✔STAGE OF WOUNDS OF DECUBITUS ULCERS:
blister is either broken or unbroken
partial layer of skin is now injured
must cover, protect, and clean the area
quick attention is very important - ✔✔2
✔✔STAGE OF WOUNDS OF DECUBITUS ULCERS:
wound extends through layers of the skin
primary site for serious infection to occur
treat same as previous stage
medial care necessary to promote healing and prevent infection - ✔✔3
✔✔STAGE OF WOUNDS OF DECUBITUS ULCERS:
extends through skin and involves underlying muscle, tendons, and bone
tissue necrosis
diameter is not as important as the depth
very serious and may be life-threatening
must have medical care
surgical removal of necrotic/decayed tissue is often used for large-diameter wounds -
✔✔4
✔✔chronic excretion of very large amounts of pale urine of low specific gravity
causes dehydration and extreme thirst
