NCCAOM BIOMEDICINE UPDATED EXAM PAPER
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔ANTIBODIES -- IMMUNOGLOBULIN:
present in mucus membranes, saliva, tears, colstrum
does NOT cross the placenta
protects against microbial infections - ✔✔IgA
✔✔ANTIBODIES -- IMMUNOGLOBULIN:
associated with allergies
found in lung, skin, mucus membranes - ✔✔IgE
✔✔ANTIBODIES -- IMMUNOGLOBULIN:
found in lining of belly or chest
unknown function(s) - ✔✔IgD
✔✔HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS:
IgE antibody reaction occurs within 15-30 minutes of exposure, though sometimes 10-
12 hours after exposure
anaphylaxis is most severe type of hypersensitivity
reactions in this group: allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, allergic asthma, food
allergies - ✔✔Type 1
✔✔HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS:
IgG and IgM mediate cytotoxic reactions activate in the complement cascade
symptoms emerge within a few minutes to several hours after the antibody-antigen
binding
hemolytic anemia, blood transfusions, and many drug allergies (pencillin) - ✔✔Type 2
✔✔HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS:
IgG and IgM are immune complex reactions
reaction is usually within 3-10 hours after immune complex forms
SLE, glomerulonephritis, polyarteritis, vasculitis and RA - ✔✔Type 3
✔✔HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS:
T-cell lymphocytes are also called delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions
usually take days or weeks to manifest
rashes like poison ivy, poison oak, poison sumac, bacteria or fungi that body is unable
to completely eliminate - ✔✔Type 4
✔✔CHEMICALS OF INFECTION: allergic reactions - ✔✔histamine
✔✔CHEMICALS OF INFECTION: mediates inflammation - ✔✔bradykinin
, ✔✔CHEMICALS OF INFECTION: plays a role in inflammation - ✔✔serotonin
✔✔triad of fever, headache, and nuchal rigidity
develop over hours or days - ✔✔meningitis
✔✔RED FLAG: chest muscles causing impaired respirations - ✔✔myasthenia gravis
✔✔RED FLAG: fever, headache, photophobia w/ weakness and seizures; stiffness of
neck; altered mental states; focal neurologic deficits - ✔✔encephalitis
✔✔disease caused by Bartonella bacteria - ✔✔cat scratch fever
✔✔DUODENAL OR GASTRIC ULCER:
most common - ✔✔duodenal
✔✔DUODENAL OR GASTRIC ULCER:
less common - ✔✔gastric
✔✔DUODENAL OR GASTRIC ULCER:
rarely cancerous - ✔✔duodenal
✔✔DUODENAL OR GASTRIC ULCER:
often cancerous - ✔✔gastric
✔✔DUODENAL OR GASTRIC ULCER:
worse w/ empty stomach, better w/ eating - ✔✔duodenal
✔✔DUODENAL OR GASTRIC ULCER:
worse w/ eating, better w/ empty stomach - ✔✔gastric
✔✔DUODENAL OR GASTRIC ULCER:
gnawing, burning, aching, soreness, empty feeling and hunger
pain commonly wakes person at 1-2
complications include bleeding due to perforation - ✔✔duodenal
✔✔DUODENAL OR GASTRIC ULCER:
bloating, nausea, or vomiting after eating due to swelling of tissues
complications include bleeding due to perforation - ✔✔gastric
✔✔inflammation of appendix
complications include: rupture, formation of abscess, peritonitis - ✔✔acute appendicitis
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔ANTIBODIES -- IMMUNOGLOBULIN:
present in mucus membranes, saliva, tears, colstrum
does NOT cross the placenta
protects against microbial infections - ✔✔IgA
✔✔ANTIBODIES -- IMMUNOGLOBULIN:
associated with allergies
found in lung, skin, mucus membranes - ✔✔IgE
✔✔ANTIBODIES -- IMMUNOGLOBULIN:
found in lining of belly or chest
unknown function(s) - ✔✔IgD
✔✔HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS:
IgE antibody reaction occurs within 15-30 minutes of exposure, though sometimes 10-
12 hours after exposure
anaphylaxis is most severe type of hypersensitivity
reactions in this group: allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, allergic asthma, food
allergies - ✔✔Type 1
✔✔HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS:
IgG and IgM mediate cytotoxic reactions activate in the complement cascade
symptoms emerge within a few minutes to several hours after the antibody-antigen
binding
hemolytic anemia, blood transfusions, and many drug allergies (pencillin) - ✔✔Type 2
✔✔HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS:
IgG and IgM are immune complex reactions
reaction is usually within 3-10 hours after immune complex forms
SLE, glomerulonephritis, polyarteritis, vasculitis and RA - ✔✔Type 3
✔✔HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS:
T-cell lymphocytes are also called delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions
usually take days or weeks to manifest
rashes like poison ivy, poison oak, poison sumac, bacteria or fungi that body is unable
to completely eliminate - ✔✔Type 4
✔✔CHEMICALS OF INFECTION: allergic reactions - ✔✔histamine
✔✔CHEMICALS OF INFECTION: mediates inflammation - ✔✔bradykinin
, ✔✔CHEMICALS OF INFECTION: plays a role in inflammation - ✔✔serotonin
✔✔triad of fever, headache, and nuchal rigidity
develop over hours or days - ✔✔meningitis
✔✔RED FLAG: chest muscles causing impaired respirations - ✔✔myasthenia gravis
✔✔RED FLAG: fever, headache, photophobia w/ weakness and seizures; stiffness of
neck; altered mental states; focal neurologic deficits - ✔✔encephalitis
✔✔disease caused by Bartonella bacteria - ✔✔cat scratch fever
✔✔DUODENAL OR GASTRIC ULCER:
most common - ✔✔duodenal
✔✔DUODENAL OR GASTRIC ULCER:
less common - ✔✔gastric
✔✔DUODENAL OR GASTRIC ULCER:
rarely cancerous - ✔✔duodenal
✔✔DUODENAL OR GASTRIC ULCER:
often cancerous - ✔✔gastric
✔✔DUODENAL OR GASTRIC ULCER:
worse w/ empty stomach, better w/ eating - ✔✔duodenal
✔✔DUODENAL OR GASTRIC ULCER:
worse w/ eating, better w/ empty stomach - ✔✔gastric
✔✔DUODENAL OR GASTRIC ULCER:
gnawing, burning, aching, soreness, empty feeling and hunger
pain commonly wakes person at 1-2
complications include bleeding due to perforation - ✔✔duodenal
✔✔DUODENAL OR GASTRIC ULCER:
bloating, nausea, or vomiting after eating due to swelling of tissues
complications include bleeding due to perforation - ✔✔gastric
✔✔inflammation of appendix
complications include: rupture, formation of abscess, peritonitis - ✔✔acute appendicitis
